Hazards Book Back Questions 8th Social Science Lesson 13
8th Social Science Lesson 13
13] Hazards
Book Back Questions with Answer and Do You Know Box Content
Do You Know?
A natural hazard is a natural process and event that is a potential threat to human life and property. The process and events themselves are not a hazard but become so because of human use of the land. A disaster is a hazardous event that occurs over a limited time span in a defined area and causes great damage to property/loss of life, also needs assistance from others. A catastrophe is a massive disaster that requires significant expenditure of money and a long time for recovery.
About one third area of the country is affected by drought. It severely affects 16% of the land area and 12% of the total population of India. The areas that receive an annual rainfall of less than 60 cm are the drought prone regions of India.
The word “Tsunami” is derived from Japanese word ‘tsu’ meaning harbour and ‘nami’ meaning wave (Harbour wave) .
Indian Ocean Tsunami of 2004: On December 26, 2004, at 7:59 a.m. local time, an undersea earthquake with a magnitude of 9.1 struck off the coast of the Indonesian island of Sumatra. The tsunami killed at least 2,25,000 people across a dozen countries, with Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India, Thailand, Somalia and Maldives, sustaining massive damage.
Chernobyl nuclear disaster site (near Pripyat) to become an official tourist spot:
Before: Chernobyl (then Soviet Union) nuclear accident was happened on 26th April, 1986. The radiation emitted was more than 400 times than that released by the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima (Japan) in 1945. This accident remains the largest nuclear accident in history. More than 3,50,000 people were evacuated from the area and severe restrictions on permanent human settlement are still in that place.
Now: 33 years after the accident, the Exclusion Zone, which covers an area now in Ukraine and Belarus is inhabited by numerous animals and more than 200 birds species. In 2016, the Ukraine part of this zone was declared as a radiological and environmental biosphere reserve by the government.
Nature is emerging as a new weapon of mass destruction, do you agree? Around 22,000 people have died in India in 10 years until 2017 due to major environmental disasters – Indian Meterology Department. In the past two decades (1998 – 2017) over 5,00,000 people have died due to extreme weather events around the world – stated by Global Climate Risk Index Report Published by Greenwatch (German – based non-profit organisation) .
Choose the best answers:
1. ___________ percentage of nitrogen is present in the air.
(a) 78.09%
(b) 74.08%
(c) 80.07%
(d) 76.63%
2. Tsunami in Indian Ocean took place in the year _________
(a) 1990
(b) 2004
(c) 2005
(d) 2008
3. The word Tsunami is derived from _____________ language.
(a) Hindi
(b) French
(c) Japanese
(d) German
4. The example of surface water is
(a) Artesian well
(b) Groundwater
(c) Subsurface water
(d) Lake
5. Event that occurs due to the failure of monsoons.
(a) Condensation
(b) Drought
(c) Evaporation
(d) Precipitation
Fill in the blanks:
1. Hazards may lead to _____________
2. Landslide is an example of ____________ hazard.
3. On the basis of origin, hazard can be grouped into _____________ categories.
4. Terrorism is an example of ______________ hazard.
5. Oxides of Nitrogen are ____________ pollutants which affects the human beings.
6. Chernobyl nuclear accident took place in _____________ year.
Match the following:
List I List II
1. Primary pollutant – Terrorism
2. Hazardous waste – Tsunami
3. Earthquake – Outdated drugs
4. Meteorologial drought – Oxides of sulphur
5. Human induced hazard – Reduction in rainfall
Answers:
Choose the best answers
1. 78.09% 2. 2004 3. Japanese 4. Lake 5. Drought
Fill in the blanks:
1. Disaster 2. Seismic 3. 8 4. Human – induced 5. Primary 6. 26th April 1986
Match the following:
1.Primary pollutant – Oxides of Sulphur
2.Hazardous waste – Outdated drugs
3.Earthquake – Tsunami
4.Meteorological drought – Reduction in rainfall
5.Human induced hazard – Terrorism