Atmosphere 11th Geography Lesson 4 Questions in English
11th Geography Lesson 4 Questions in English
4] Atmosphere
1. Consider the following statements find the correct answer
a) It is not constant.
b) It is always changing within hours or a day
A) Climate
B) Weather
C) Rainfall
D) Drought
Explanation
Weather refers to the state of atmosphere at a particular place at any given time denoting the short term variations of atmosphere in terms of temperature, pressure, wind, moisture, cloudiness, precipitation and other elements. Weather is highly variable from time to time, day to day and place to place. Weather is not constant. It is always changing within hours or a day.
2. Find out the correct statement
A) Climate is the average weather conditions of an area for a long period of time
B) Climate is constant.
C) Climate is not permanent condition of a place.
D) A and B
Explanation
Climate is the average weather conditions of an area for a long period of time Climate is constant. It is a permanent condition of a place.
3. WMO stands for
A) Weather Monitoring Organization
B) World Meteorological Organ
C) World Meteors Organization
D) World Meteorological Organization
4. WMO has suggested data for a period of ____years for calculating the climatic averages of various weather elements
A) 30
B) 20
C) 50
D) 40
Explanation
The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) has suggested data for a period of 30 consecutive years to be referred for calculating the climatic averages of various weather elements
5. Find out the incorrect statement
1. The ancient Latins called the tilt of latitude as klima
2. Meaning of klima is ‘slope’ or ‘inclination
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
The ancient Greeks called the tilt of latitude as ‘klima’, literally meaning ‘slope’ or ‘inclination
6. Find out the correct statement about climate
1. Then the earth was divided into six latitudinal regions, called ‘klimata’.
2. The word came into modern American languages as clime or ‘climate’
3. It denotes the average weather condition.
A) 1 only
B) 3 only
C) All the above
D) None of the above
Explanation
Then the earth was divided into seven latitudinal regions, called ‘klimata’. The word came into modern European languages as clime or ‘climate’, denoting the average weather condition.
7. Find out the correct statement bout atmosphere
1. The atmosphere is essential for the survival of all the organisms on the earth.
2. The atmosphere is a blanket of gases and suspended particles that entirely envelope the earth.
3. It extends outward over thousands of kilometers from the earth’s surface
A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) 3, 1
D) 1, 2, 3
Explanation
Water vapour, aerosols and tiny solid particles occur in varying quantities as suspended material. These are responsible for weather phenomena as they have ability to absorb and release heat energy.
8. Find out the major components of atmosphere are
1. Nitrogen (75%)
2. Oxygen (25%)
3. Other gases (1%)
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) 3 only
D) 1, 2, 3
Explanation
The atmosphere is composed of mixture of many gases, water vapour and other solid particles. The major components are nitrogen (78%), oxygen (21%) and other gases (1%). Argon, Carbon dioxide, Neon and the other gases found in the atmosphere
9. Find out the correct statement
1. The atmosphere is divided into five distinct layers
2. The atmosphere is divided based on the pressure variations.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
The atmosphere is divided into five distinct layers based on the temperature variations. They are, Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Ionosphere (Thermosphere) and Exosphere
10. Which is the lower most layer of the atmosphere
A) Troposphere
B) Stratosphere
C) Mesosphere
D) Ionosphere
11. Find out the correct statement
1. Troposphere extends approximately to a height of 18 km from the poles
2. Troposphere extends to a height 8 km from the equator.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Troposphere extends approximately to a height of 8 km from the poles and 18 km from the equator.
12. Find out the correct statement
A) The height of the troposphere changes seasonally also.
B) Height increases during winter
C) Height decreases during summer.
D) B and C
Explanation
The height of the troposphere changes seasonally also. It increases during summer and decreases during winter.
13. Consider the following statements:
Assertion (A): All weather phenomena occur in troposphere
Reason (R): It has dust particles and water vapor
Codes:
A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C) (A) is true but (R) is false
D) (A) is false but (R) is true
14. ____ Layer has clouds which produce precipitation on the earth?
A) Troposphere
B) Stratosphere
C) Mesosphere
D) Ionosphere
Explanation
All weather phenomena occur in this layer as it has dust particles and water vapor. This layer has clouds which produce precipitation on the earth
15. Find out the correct statement
1. The Sun’s rays directly fall on the earth and then they are reflected back into the atmosphere.
2. The temperature decreases in the troposphere with decrease in altitude
3. The temperature decreases at the rate of 1 degree C for 165 meter.
A) 1, 3
B) 2, 3
C) 1, 2
D) 1, 2, 3
Explanation
The Sun’s rays directly fall on the earth and then they are reflected back into the atmosphere. The temperature decreases in the troposphere with increase in altitude at the rate of 1degree C for 165 meter or 6.5 degree C for every 1000 meters of ascent. This is known as lapse rate of temperature
16. Find out the incorrect statement
1. Troposphere is the densest layer as it contains 70 to 90 percent of gases.
2. The inner boundary of the troposphere is called tropopause
3. Tropopause is about 3.5 kilometer thick.
A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) All the above
D) None of the above
Explanation
This is the densest layer as it contains 70 to 80 percent of gases. The outer boundary of the troposphere is called tropopause, which is about 1.5 kilometer thick.
17. Stratosphere is approximately extends up to a height of ___ km from the earth’s surface.
A) 50
B) 30
C) 40
D) 60
Explanation
Stratosphere is the second layer of the atmosphere found above the troposphere. It approximately extends up to a height of 50 km from the earth’s surface.
18. Find out the correct statement.
1. Temperature is constant up to a height of 10 km in stratosphere
2. Temperature increases gradually up to the Stratopause where temperature is nearly -7 degree C.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Temperature is constant up to a height of 20 km and increases gradually up to the stratopause where temperature is nearly -4 degree C.
19. Ozonosphere is located in?
A) Troposphere
B) Stratosphere
C) Mesosphere
D) Ionosphere
Explanation
The lower part of this layer is highly concentrated with ozone gas which is called as ‘ozonosphere’
20. Find out the correct statement
A) Ozonosphere prevents the ultra-violet rays from the Sun to enter into the lower part of the atmosphere
B) The UV rays are less harmful
C) UV rays causes skin cancer
D) A and C
Explanation
Ozonosphere prevents the ultra-violet rays from the Sun to enter into the lower part of the atmosphere as the rays are highly harmful it causes skin cancer and other ill effects to living organisms. But the ozone layer safeguards the life on the earth.
21. Find out the incorrect statement
1. The mesosphere is the third layer of the atmosphere
2. Mesosphere extends approximately up to a height of 65 km above the surface of the earth
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
The mesosphere is the third layer of the atmosphere found approximately up to a height of 85 km above the surface of the earth
22. Which is the coldest layer of atmosphere
A) Troposphere
B) Stratosphere
C) Mesosphere
D) Ionosphere
23. Consider the following statements:
Assertion (A): The temperature decreases with increase of altitude in mesosphere.
Reason (R): Due to the presence of ozone.
Codes
A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C) (A) is true but (R) is false
D) (A) is false but (R) is true
Explanation
The temperature decreases with increase of altitude due to the absence of ozone
24. Find out the correct statement
1. Upper boundary of mesosphere is called mesopause
2. In mesopause temperature reaches -70 degree C.
3. Mesosphere is the coldest layer
A) 1, 3
B) 2, 3
C) 1, 2
D) 1, 2, 3
Explanation
Upper boundary of mesosphere is called mesopause where temperature reaches -90 degree C.
25. Consider the following statements:
Assertion (A): Luminous noctilucent clouds form in mesopause
Reason (R): Mesosphere is the third layer of the atmosphere
Codes:
A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C) (A) is true but (R) is false
D) (A) is false but (R) is true
Explanation
Luminous Noctilucent clouds form here due to the presence of cosmic dust.
26. Find out the correct statement about mesosphere
1. Meteorites falling from the space get burned in mesosphere.
2. It is because when meteorites hit the air, the air gets compressed and heated up causing meteorites to burn out.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Meteors falling from the space get burned in this layer. It is because when meteors hit the air, the air gets compressed and heated up causing meteors to burn out.
27. The fourth layer of atmosphere also called as
A) Thermosphere
B) Photosphere
C) Exosphere
D) None of the above
Explanation
The ionosphere is the fourth layer of the atmosphere extending approximately up to a height of 400 km
28. The temperature increases rapidly up to ____degree C in thermosphere.
A) 750
B) 1000
C) 1200
D) 1500
Explanation
It is due to the absorption of very short wave and high energy solar radiation by the atoms of hydrogen and oxygen gases
29. Find out the correct statement
1. When light energy is transformed into heat energy, some gas molecules lose or gain electrons and become the charged particles called ions.
2. The charged particles forming the upper part of the thermosphere as a zone, is called Ionosphere
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
When light energy is transformed into heat energy, some gas molecules lose or gain electrons and become the charged particles called ions. The charged particles forming the lower part of the thermosphere as a zone, is called Ionosphere
30. Auroras created in which layer?
A) Troposphere
B) Stratosphere
C) Mesosphere
D) Ionosphere
Explanation
The charged particles forming the lower part of the thermosphere as a zone, is called Ionosphere. These ionized particles create auroras at higher latitudes
31. Find out the incorrect statement
1. Ionosphere can reflect radio waves back to the earth.
2. This reflection facilitates short distance wireless satellite communication.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Ionosphere can reflect radio waves back to the earth. This facilitates long distance wireless satellite communication.
32. The credit of discovering ionosphere goes to?
A) Hennelly and Hubble
B) Hubble and Heaviside
C) Hennelly, Heaviside, Hubble
D) Hennelly and Heaviside
33. The upper most layer of the atmosphere extends into the outer space from
A) 500 km to 1600 km
B) 400 km to 1200 km
C) 400 km to 1600 km
D) 500 km to 1200 km
Explanation
The upper most layer of the atmosphere which extends into the outer space from above 400 km up to 1600km
34. Exosphere contains mainly
1. Hydrogen
2. Helium
3. Oxygen
4. Nitrogen
A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) 3, 4
D) 1, 3
Explanation
These atoms can travel hundreds of kilometres without colliding with one another. Thus, the exosphere has no longer behaves like a gas
35. The temperature increases with increase of altitude and it ranges as high as
A) 160 degree C
B) 175 degree C
C) 165 degree C
D) 175 degree C
36. Find out the correct statement about upper layer of the atmosphere
1. The gravitational pull is maximum in this layer.
2. This layer gradually merges with the space.
3. It has rarefied contents
A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) 3, 1
D) 1, 2, 3
Explanation
The gravitational pull is minimal in this layer. This layer gradually merges with the space.
37. Find out the incorrect statement about ozone
A) Ozone is form of oxygen that combines three atoms into each molecule.
B) ozone is not harmful when it develops near the ground
C) This way the ozone layer protects all life on earth
D) A and C
Explanation
Ozone is form of oxygen that combines three atoms into each molecule. This way the ozone layer protects all life on earth
38. It absorbs and filters the harmful ultraviolet ____ radiation coming from the sun.
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
Explanation
It absorbs and filters the harmful ultraviolet B radiation coming from the sun. It causes health problems like asthma and other respiratory illness.
39. Which of the following causes ozone depletion
1. CFCs
2. Halons
3. Carbon tetra chloride
4. HCFCs
A) 1, 3, 4
B) 1, 2, 4
C) 1, 2, 3
D) 1, 2, 3, 4
Explanation
Ozone depletion occurs when Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) and halon gases, formerly found in aerosol spray cans and refrigerants are released into the atmosphere and they cause chemical reactions that break down ozone molecules and reduce the concentration of them.
40. Which of the following is released by supersonic aircrafts
A) Nitrogen di Oxide
B) Nitrogen Oxide
C) Carbon Monoxide
D) Carbon di Oxide
Explanation
Nitrogen oxide released by emitted by supersonic aircrafts can also destroy the ozone molecules to break down. Ozone-depleting substances are present throughout the stratospheric ozone layer because they are transported great distances by atmospheric air motions.
41. Consider the following statements:
Assertion (A): The severe depletion of the Arctic ozone layer known as the “ozone hole”.
Reason (R): It occurs because of the special atmospheric and chemical conditions that exist there and nowhere else on the Globe.
Codes
A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C) (A) is true but (R) is false
D) (A) is false but (R) is true
Explanation
The severe depletion of the Antarctic ozone layer known as the “ozone hole” occurs because of the special atmospheric and chemical conditions that exist there and nowhere else on the globe.
42. PSC stands for
A) Polar Stratospheric Clouds
B) Photo Stratospheric Clouds
C) Polar Stimulation Clouds
D) Polar Stratospheric Commission
Explanation
The very low winter temperatures in the Antarctic stratosphere cause polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) to form.
43. Which of the followings are allowed to produce ozone hole in Antarctic?
A) Bromine and hydrogen
B) Hydrogen and helium
C) Helium and chlorine
D) Chlorine and bromine
Explanation
Special reactions that occur on PSCs, combined with the relative isolation of polar stratospheric air, allow chlorine and bromine reactions to produce the ozone hole in Antarctic
44. Ozone hole is produced in Antarctic in which of the following season?
A) Summer
B) Winter
C) Spring
D) Autumn
Explanation
Special reactions that occur on PSCs, combined with the relative isolation of polar stratospheric air, allow chlorine and bromine reactions to produce the ozone hole in Antarctic, springtime.
45. Find out the incorrect statement
1. Satellite images of the earth over last decades observed that the atmospheric ozone layer is getting thinner.
2. On October 2, 2011, the ozone hole was recorded to its maximum size
3. Size of ozone hole is 8.2 million sq.km over Antarctica
A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) 3, 1
D) None of the above
Explanation
Satellite images of the earth over last decades observed that the atmospheric ozone layer is getting thinner. On October 2, 2015, the ozone hole was recorded to its maximum size of 28.2 million sq.km over Antarctica.
46. The size of the ozone hole is larger than the size of continent______?
A) South America
B) Africa
C) Asia
D) North America
Explanation
On October 2, 2015, the ozone hole was recorded to its maximum size of 28.2 million sq.km over Antarctica. The size of the ozone hole is larger than the size of continent of North America
47. Find out the correct statement about ozone hole
1. The ozone holes over Antarctica allow the ultraviolet radiation to enter and cause global warming
2. It causes skin cancer, eye cataract and even blindness.
3. Depletion of the ozone layer has consequences on human, animal, plants and microorganisms.
A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) 3, 1
D) 1, 2, 3
48. Find out the correct statement
1. Ozone hole typically results from higher UV levels reaching us on earth.
2. Research confirms that high levels of UV rays cause non-melanoma skin cancer.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 and 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
To protect the ozone layer for our future generation, avoid using products which are emitting pollutants such as aerosol sprays, blowing agents for foams and packing materials, as solvents and as refrigerants.
49. Which of the following is measurement of total ozone
A) Parsec
B) Hubble space
C) Dobson
D) None of the above
Explanation
The Dobson Unit (DU) is the unit of measurement for total ozone.
50. Find out the incorrect statement
1. Air temperature of a particular place denotes the degree of hotness or coldness of air at a given place.
2. It is measured in Celsius.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 and 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
51. Sun rays received by the earth’s surface is
A) Long wave radiation
B) Short wave radiation
C) Medium wave radiation
D) All the above
Explanation
The surface of the earth is heated by the sun’s rays in the form of short wave radiation
52. Find out the correct statement
A) The heat received by the earth from sun is called ‘Solar Radiation’
B) It is also called as ‘Insolation’.
C) Heating of atmosphere is a direct process.
D) A and B
Explanation
The surface of the earth is heated by the sun’s rays in the form of short wave radiation. The heat received by the earth is called ‘Solar Radiation’ or ‘Insolation’. Heating of atmosphere is an indirect process
53. Find out the incorrect statement
1. The solar radiation reflected by the earth’s surface is called ‘Terrestrial radiation
2. Terrestrial radiation supplies less heat energy to the atmosphere due to its long wave length.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 and 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Terrestrial radiation supplies more heat energy to the atmosphere due to its long wave length.
54. Find out the correct statement
1. The heat energy from the earth’s surface is transferred to the lower atmosphere which is directly in contact with the surface by the process of radiation
2. The movement of air molecules in vertical direction is called as advection
3. The movement of air molecules horizontal direction is called as convection
A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) All the above
D) None of the above
Explanation
The heat energy from the earth’s surface is transferred to the lower atmosphere which is directly in contact with the surface by the process of conduction. The movement of air molecules in vertical and horizontal direction is called as ‘convection and advection’ respectively. This movement carries heat energy to the various parts of the earth and at different altitudes.
55. Find out the correct statement
A) The heat energy reflected, absorbed and radiated back into the space equals the temperature received by the earth.
B) Incoming radiation and the outgoing radiation does not pass through the atmosphere.
C) The earth maintains its optimum temperature.
D) A and B
Explanation
The heat energy reflected, absorbed and radiated back into the space equals the energy received by the earth. Incoming radiation and the outgoing radiation pass through the atmosphere. The earth maintains its optimum temperature.
56. Find out the correct statement
1. When 100% solar radiation reaches the earth’s atmosphere
2. 35% is reflected back to space by clouds, water bodies and ice covered areas.
3. This heat does not heat either the earth or atmosphere.
A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) 3, 1
D) 1, 2, 3
57. Find out the correct statement
1. 51% of solar radiation are absorbed by the earth’s surface
2. 17% of 51% is direct solar radiation
3. 34% of 51 % is from scattered radiation
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) 3 only
D) 1, 2, 3
Explanation
Of the remaining 65% of heat, 14% are absorbed by the atmosphere and 51% are absorbed by the earth’s surface (34% of direct solar radiation and 17% from scattered radiation). 51% received by the earth are radiated back to the space directly as terrestrial radiation
58. Find out the correct statement
1. 65% heat received from the sun is balanced by the 65% radiated by the earth.
2. This balance between the incoming and the outgoing heat energy is called the global heat energy balance
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 and 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
In total, 17% are radiated to space directly and 48% are absorbed by the atmosphere (14% from insolation and 34% from terrestrial radiation) are radiated back to space gradually
59. The average time taken by the solar radiation to reach the earth’s surface is?
A) 8 minutes 10 seconds.
B) 8 minutes 20 seconds.
C) 8 minutes 30 seconds.
D) 8 minutes 40 seconds.
60. Distribution of temperature across the latitudes over the surface of the earth is called?
A) Vertical distribution of temperature
B) Horizontal distribution of temperature
C) Spherical distribution of temperature
D) None of the above
Explanation
Distribution of temperature varies both horizontally and vertically. Horizontal Distribution of Temperature, Vertical Distribution of Temperature
61. Horizontal distribution of temperature is commonly shown by?
A) Isohaline
B) Isotherm
C) Isobar
D) Isochoric
Explanation
On maps, the horizontal distribution of temperature is commonly shown by isotherms. Isotherms are line connecting points that have an equal temperature at mean sea level.
62. Which of the following factors affects the horizontal distribution of temperature
1. Latitude
2. Distribution of land and water
3. Ocean currents
4. Prevailing winds
5. Cloudiness
6. Nature of the surface
7. Mountain barriers
A) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
B) 2, 4, 5, 6, 7
C) 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
D) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
63. Find out the correct statement
1. The angle formed by the solar radiation to the ground is called ‘angle of radiation’.
2. The solar radiation passes vertically along the poles
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 and 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
The angle formed by the solar radiation to the ground is called ‘angle of incidence’. The solar radiation passes vertically along the equator
64. Find out the incorrect statement
1. The angle of incidence increases from equator towards the poles.
2. The area heated by the solar radiation decreases towards the poles and therefore, temperature decreases from the equator to the poles.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 and 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
The angle of incidence decreases from equator towards the poles. The area heated by the solar radiation increases towards the poles and therefore, temperature decreases from the equator to the poles.
65. Find out the correct statement
A) Land is heated and cooled at a faster rate due the convection process
B) Water is heated and cooled at slower rate due to conduction process
C) Distribution land and water is one the factor that affects horizontal distribution of temperature
D) A and B
Explanation
Land is heated and cooled at a faster rate due the conduction process whereas water is heated and cooled at slower rate due to convection process
66. Water takes _____ times of heat energy to heat a unit area compared to land
A) 1.5 times
B) 2.5 times
C) 3.5 times
D) 4.5 times
67. Consider the following statements:
Assertion (A): the land will have higher temperature than the water in summer and vice versa during the winter.
Reason (R): Water takes 2.5 times of heat energy to heat a unit area compared to land.
Codes:
A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C) (A) is true but (R) is false
D) (A) is false but (R) is true
68. Average temperature of southern hemisphere
A) 13.8 degree C
B) 11.3 degree C
C) 12.3 degree C
D) 13.3 degree C
Explanation
Water takes 2.5 times of heat energy to heat a unit area compared to land. Thus, the land will have higher temperature than the water in summer and vice versa during the winter. So more land mass in northern hemisphere (15.2 degree C) leads to higher average temperature than the southern hemisphere (13.3 degree C).
69. Find out the correct statement
1. Warm ocean currents carry warm water from the tropical region towards the poles and decrease the temperature along the coast
2. Cold ocean currents carry cold water from Polar Regions and increase the temperature along the coasts.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 and 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Warm ocean currents carry warm water from the tropical region towards the poles and increase the temperature along the coast. Cold ocean currents carry cold water from Polar Regions and decrease the temperature along the coasts.
70. Which of the following are warm winds
1. Trade winds
2. Westerly winds
3. Polar easterly winds
4. North easterly winds
A) 1, 3
B) 2, 3
C) 3, 4
D) 1, 2
71. Find out the incorrect statement
1. Warm winds like trade wind and westerly that carry higher heat energy increase the temperature
2. Cold polar easterlies carry lower heat energy from polar region increases the temperature.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 and 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Warm winds like trade wind and westerly, that carry higher heat energy, increase the temperature while cold polar easterlies carry lower heat energy from polar region reduces the temperature.
72. Find out the incorrect statement
1. The clear sky during the night allows more solar radiation to reach the earth’s surface and increases the temperature.
2. Clear sky at day allows more terrestrial radiation to escape
3. The tropical hot deserts experience higher temperature at day and lower temperature at night.
A) 2, 3
B) 1, 2
C) All the above
D) None of the above
Explanation
The clear sky during the day allows more solar radiation to reach the earth’s surface and increases the temperature. Meanwhile clear sky at night allows more terrestrial radiation to escape
73. The cloudy sky obstructs the solar radiation from the sun to earth and _____the temperature.
A) Increases
B) Decreases
C) Moderate
D) No change
Explanation
The cloudy sky obstructs the solar radiation from the sun to earth and reduces the temperature.
74. The reflection from surface varies based on the nature of_____?
A) Soil
B) Land cover
C) Latitude
D) Pressure
75. Find out the incorrect statement
1. The more reflection from the snow surface leads to low temperature accumulation
2. The dense forest, which reflects high heat energy and absorbs less heat energy, leads to higher temperature.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 and 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
The more reflection from the snow surface leads to low temperature accumulation. But the dense forest, which reflects less heat energy and absorbs more heat energy, leads to higher temperature.
76. If a wind or air mass blows towards the mountain, it influences the distribution of____?
A) Pressure
B) Soil profile
C) Rainfall
D) Temperature
Explanation
If a wind or air mass blows towards the mountain, it influences the distribution of temperature on either side of the mountain.
77. Find out the incorrect statement
1. Polar easterlies and blizzards are obstructed by Himalayas in Asia and
2. Polar easterlies and blizzards are obstructed by Alps in Africa
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 and 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Polar easterlies and blizzards are obstructed by Himalayas in Asia and Alps in Europe respectively. This leads to lower temperature in the northern slopes and higher temperature in the southern slopes of the respective mountains.
78. Find out the correct statement
1. The temperature decreases with increasing altitude from the surface of the earth.
2. The vertical decrease in temperature of troposphere is called as ‘Actual Lapse Rate’ or ‘vertical temperature gradient’
3. In this the temperature reduces at the rate of 6.5 degree C per 1000 meter of ascent
A) 1, 2
B) 3, 1
C) 2, 3
D) 1, 2, 3
Explanation
The temperature decreases with increasing altitude from the surface of the earth. The vertical decrease in temperature of troposphere is called as ‘Normal Lapse Rate’ or ‘vertical temperature gradient’ at which the temperature reduces at the rate of 6.5 degree C per 1000 meter of ascent
79. Which of the following factors Affecting the Vertical Distribution of Temperature
1. Amount of terrestrial radiation reaching the altitude
2. Density of air to absorb the heat energy at higher altitude.
3. Distribution of land and water
A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) 3, 1
D) 1, 2, 3
80. Find out the incorrect statement
1. The condition at which the temperature decreases with altitude is called as ‘inversion of temperature’.
2. In this condition, warm air lie over cold air.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 and 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
The condition at which the temperature increases with altitude is called as ‘inversion of temperature’. In this condition, warm air lie over cold air.
81. The conditions for inversion of temperature are?
1. Long winter nights
2. Cloudy sky
3. Cold air near the surface
4. Snow covered ground
A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) 1, 4
D) 1, 2, 3, 4
Explanation
The conditions for inversion of temperature are — Long winter night, Cloudless sky, Dry air near the surface, Snow covered ground, Formation of fronts, Mountain wind
82. Find out the incorrect statement
1. During long winter nights the bottom layer of the atmosphere in contact with the ground is cooled
2. During long winter nights the bottom layer of the atmosphere in contact with the ground is warm
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 and 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
During Long winter nights the bottom layer of the atmosphere in contact with the ground is cooled and the upper layer remains relatively warm.
83. During inversion of temperature the dry air absorbs _______ terrestrial radiation?
A) High
B) Less
C) Medium
D) None of the above
Explanation
During inversion of temperature dry air near the surface absorbs less terrestrial radiation and allows them to escape into space
84. Find out the correct statement about inversion of temperature
1. The higher amount of terrestrial radiation reaches the lower altitude
2. It leads to lower temperature at high level due to clear sky.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 and 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
During inversion of temperature the higher amount of terrestrial radiation reaches the higher altitude which leads to lower temperature at low level due to clear sky.
85. In snow covered region during night time most of the heat is lost to the atmosphere due to
1. Insolation
2. Terrestrial radiation
3. Higher Albedo effect
4. Lower albedo effect
A) 1, 2, 3
B) 1, 2, 4
C) 2, 3
D) 1, 2, 3, 4
Explanation
Snow covered ground during night, due to terrestrial radiation and higher albedo, most of the heat is lost to the atmosphere and the surface is cooled.
86. Find out the correct statement
1. The movement of warm air over the cold air during the formation of the various fronts leads to inversion condition.
2. The subsidence of cold mountain wind at the early morning leads to the displacement of warm air from the valley to higher altitude, is called as ‘mountain inversion’
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 and 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
The subsidence of cold mountain wind at the early morning leads to the displacement of warm air from the valley to higher altitude. This type of inversion is called as ‘valley inversion’.
87. Albedo is
A) The amount of solar radiation reflected from the surface
B) The amount of solar radiation absorbed by the surface
C) The amount of solar radiation
D) None of the above
Explanation
Albedo is the amount of solar radiation reflected from the surface. The variation is based on the nature of the earth’s surface. Snow has higher albedo compared to forest.
88. Match the following
Unit of Temperature Founded Year
a) Fahrenheit – 1. 1742
b) Celsius – 2. 1714
c) Kelvin – 3. 1848
A) 1, 2, 3
B) 2, 1, 3
C) 3, 2, 1
D) 1, 3, 2
89. Match the following
Unit of Temperature Scientist
a. Fahrenheit – 1. Gabriel
b. Celsius – 2. Andrew
c. Kelvin – 3. Lord Kelvin
A) 3, 2, 1
B) 2, 3, 1
C) 1, 3, 2
D) 1, 2, 3
Explanation
90. Find out the correct statement
A) The earth has been divided into three heat zones
B) The heat zones are divided according the amount of rainfall received.
C) These are the Torrid Zone, the Temperate zone and the Frigid Zone.
D) A and C
Explanation
The earth has been divided into three heat zones according the amount of insolation received. These are the Torrid Zone, the Temperate zone and the Frigid Zone.
91. The region between 23 ½ degree N to 23 ½ degree S is
A) Torrid Zone
B) Temperate zone
C) Frigid Zone
D) None of the above
Explanation
It is the hottest zone
92. Torrid zone is lying between
A) Tropic of cancer and equator
B) Tropic of Capricorn and Arctic Circle
C) Tropic of cancer and Tropic of Capricorn
D) Tropic of cancer and Antarctic Circle
Explanation
The zone lying between the Tropic of cancer and Tropic of Capricorn is called Torrid zone’. The sun’s rays are vertical throughout the year and it receives maximum insolation. Thus, this is the hottest zone.
93. Find out the correct statement
1. The temperate zone lies between the Tropic of Cancer and Arctic Circle in the southern hemisphere
2. Temperate zone lies Tropic of Capricorn and Antarctic Circle in the northern hemisphere
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
The temperate zone lies between the Tropic of Cancer and Arctic Circle in the northern hemisphere and the Tropic of Capricorn and Antarctic Circle in the southern hemisphere
94. Consider the following statements, find the correct answer
1. This region never experiences overhead sun light but experiences longer days and shorter nights during summer and vice versa during winter.
2. This region experiences moderate temperature
A) Torrid Zone
B) Temperate zone
C) Frigid Zone
D) None of the above
Explanation
This region never experiences overhead sun light but experiences longer days and shorter nights during summer and vice versa during winter. This region experiences moderate temperature and is therefore called as ‘Temperate zone’.
95. Find out the correct statement
1. The region between North Pole and Arctic Circle in the northern hemisphere is polar zone
2. South Pole and Antarctic Circle in the southern hemisphere is called ‘Polar Zone’.
3. It is coldest region
A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) 3, 1
D) 1, 2, 3
96. Find out the correct statement about frigid zone
1. This region always receives less oblique rays of the sun and so the temperature is very low.
2. It is the coldest zone.
3. This region experiences 24 hours of day and night during peak summer.
4. This region experiences 24 hours of day and night during peak winter.
A) 1, 2, 3
B) 2, 3, 4
C) 1, 2, 4
D) 1, 2, 3, 4
Explanation
This region always receives more oblique rays of the sun and so the temperature is very low. It is the coldest zone. This region experiences 24 hours of day and night during peak summer and winter respectively.
97. Which of the following is correctly matched
1. Temperate Zone – 23 ½ degree N to 23 ½ degree S
2. Torrid Zone – 23 ½ degree N to 66 ½ degree N
3. Polar Zone – 66 ½ degree S to 90 degree S
A) 1, 2
B) 2 only
C) 3 only
D) 1, 2, 3
Explanation
Torrid Zone (23 ½ degree N to 23 ½ degree S), Temperate Zone (23 ½ degree N to 66 ½ degree N and 23 ½ degree S to 66 ½ degree S), Polar Zone (Frigid Zone – 66 ½ degree N to 90 degree N and 66 ½ degree S to 90 degree S)
98. Find out the incorrect statement
1. Annual Temperature is the average annual temperature of a region for a year.
2. Mean Annual Temperature is the average of 50 years of annual temperature of the region.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Annual Temperature is the average annual temperature of a region for a year. Mean Annual Temperature is the average of 3 0years of annual temperature of the region.
100. Find out the incorrect statement
1. Range of Temperature is difference between highest and lowest temperature of a place.
2. Diurnal Range of Temperature is the difference between highest and lowest temperature of a place in a year.
3. Annual range of Temperature is the difference between highest temperature and lowest temperature of a place in a day
A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) 1, 2, 3
D) None of the above
Explanation
Annual Range of Temperature is the difference between highest and lowest temperature of a place in a year. Diurnal range of Temperature is the difference between highest temperature and lowest temperature of a place in a day
101. Find out the correct statement
1. The longer wavelengths are absorbed by greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, decreases the temperature of atmosphere.
2. The energy for the earth is from the oceans
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
The longer wavelengths are absorbed by greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, increases the temperature of atmosphere. The energy for the earth is from the sun
102. Find out the correct statement about greenhouse gases
1. These greenhouse gases act like a greenhouse
2. It retains some of the heat energy would otherwise be lost to space.
3. The retaining of heat energy by the atmosphere is called the ‘greenhouse effect’.
A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) 1, 3
D) 1, 2, 3
103. Which of the following are greenhouse gas
1. Carbon dioxide
2. Water vapor
3. Methane
4. Ozone
A) 1, 2, 3
B) 2, 3, 4
C) 1, 2, 4
D) 1, 2, 3, 4
Explanation
Global warming is observed in a century scale. The temperature increase over the years has been due to the greenhouse gas concentration such as carbon dioxide, water vapor, methane and ozone.
104. Find out the incorrect statement
1. Greenhouse gases are those gases that contribute to the greenhouse effect.
2. The largest contributing source of greenhouse gas is the burning of fossil fuels
3. Burning of fossil fuel leading to the emission of carbon dioxide from industries, automobiles and domestic.
A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) All the above
D) None of the above
105. An urban heat island is a metropolitan area that is significantly warmer than its surrounding is known as
A) Urban heat region
B) Urban heat island
C) Urban Warm Island
D) Urban heat source
Explanation
An urban heat island is an urban area or metropolitan area that is significantly warmer than its surrounding rural area due to high concentration of high rise concrete buildings, metal roads, sparse vegetation cover and less exposure of soil. These factors cause urban regions to become warmer than their rural surroundings, forming an “island” of higher temperatures
106. Ways to reduce the impact of urban heat island is
1. Use energy-efficient appliances and equipment
2. Shift all industries away from the urban area.
3. Reduce emission from automobiles.
4. Install green and cool roofs
A) 1, 3, 4
B) 2, 3, 4
C) 1, 2, 3
D) 1, 2, 3, 4
Explanation
Planting trees and other vegetation, provides shade and cooling effect through evapotranspiration and it lowers the surface and air temperature.
107. Find out the incorrect statement
1. Atmospheric pressure is defined as the force per unit area exerted against a surface by the weight of the air molecules above the earth surface.
2. The atmospheric pressure is distributed uniformly over the earth
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Atmospheric pressure is defined as the force per unit area exerted against a surface by the weight of the air molecules above the earth surface. The atmospheric pressure is not distributed uniformly over the earth
108. The amount of pressure increases or decreases, according to the amount of _____?
A) Heat
B) Pressure
C) Atoms
D) Molecules
Explanation
The amount of pressure increases or decreases, according to the amount of molecule that exerts the force on the surface.
109. Find out the incorrect statement
1. When temperature of the air increases, the air expands and reduces the number of molecules over the unit area.
2. It leads to reduction in pressure
3. Atmospheric pressure is measured by an instrument called ‘Barometer’
A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) All the above
D) None of the above
Explanation
When temperature of the air increases, the air expands and reduces the number of molecules over the unit area. It leads to reduction in pressure. Similarly, when the temperature falls, the air contracts and the pressure increase. Therefore, the temperature and atmospheric pressure are inversely related.
110. Find out the incorrect statement
A) The relationship analysis between altitude and atmospheric pressure is very peculiar.
B) The upper atmosphere is thick and less dense.
C) The pressure at sea level is lower
D) B and C
Explanation
The relationship analysis between altitude and atmospheric pressure is very peculiar. The upper atmosphere is thin and less dense. The pressure at sea level is highest and keeps decreasing rapidly with increasing altitude because of the progressive reduction of the mass above the point where it is measured
111. Find out the correct statement
1. The temperature and atmospheric pressure are directly proportional.
2. Isobar is an imaginary line connecting the places of uniform atmospheric pressure reduced to mean sea level
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
The temperature and atmospheric pressure are inversely related.
112. Consider the following statements:
Assertion (A): In the northern hemisphere objects drift towards right and towards left in the southern hemisphere.
Reason (R): It happens because of presence of Coriolis force
Codes:
A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C) (A) is true but (R) is false
D) (A) is false but (R) is true
113. Find out the correct statement
1. The revolution of the earth affects the moving objects on the earth surface.
2. Free moving objects, affected by the revolution of the earth, do not follow a straight line
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
The rotation of the earth affects the moving objects on the earth surface. Free moving objects, affected by the rotation of the earth, do not follow a straight line
114. Find out the incorrect statement
1. A car travelling down a straight road at 95 km/hr in northern hemisphere would drift to the left of the path if the friction between surface and tyre is absent.
2. The tendency is called as Coriolis Effect as it was discovered by G.G. Coriolis
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
A car travelling down a straight road at 95 km/hr in northern hemisphere would drift to the right of the path if the friction between surface and tyre is absent.
115. Which of the following rocket launching places located in east coast
1. Sriharihota
2. French Guyana.
3. Mumbai
A) 1, 3
B) 1, 2
C) 2, 3
D) 1, 2, 3
Explanation
A car travelling down a straight road at 95 km/hr in northern hemisphere would drift to the right of the path if the friction between surface and tyre is absent. This is the reason why racket launching stations are located on the east coastal areas. Example: Sriharihota, French Guyana
116. Consider the following statements about cool air, find the incorrect
1. Cool air is dense and heavy.
2. As a consequence it sinks vertically.
3. It results in additional weight and pressure
A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) 1, 2, 3
D) 3, 1
Explanation
Cool air is dense and heavy. As a consequence it sinks vertically. It results in additional weight and pressure which cause a high pressure area to occur on the ground.
117. Find out the correct statement
1. When the air gets heated it expands, becomes light and rises vertically.
2. As air rises, the pressure it exerts on the earth surface is increased
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
When the air gets heated it expands, becomes light and rises vertically. As air rises, the pressure it exerts on the earth surface is reduced, causing a low pressure area
118. Which of the followings are pressure belts of earth
1. Equatorial low pressure belt
2. Subtropical low pressure belts
3. Sub polar high pressure belts
4. Polar low pressure belts
A) 4, 2, 3
B) 2, 3 only
C) 1 only
D) 1, 2, 3, 4
Explanation
The atmospheric pressure belts envelope on the surface of the earth. They are equatorial low pressure belt, subtropical high pressure belts, sub polar low pressure belts and polar high pressure belts
119. Find out the correct statement
1. Wind direction is identified by an instrument called Anemometer.
2. Wind speed is measured by Wind Vane
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Wind direction is identified by an instrument called Wind Vane and wind speed is measured by Anemometer.
120. Find out the correct statement
1. Wind is the vertical movement of air molecules
2. Wind moves from areas of low pressure to areas of high pressure.
3. The wind always moves perpendicular to isotherm
A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) All the above
D) None of the above
Explanation
Wind is the horizontal movement of air molecules from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure to maintain the atmospheric equilibrium. The wind always moves perpendicular to isobars
121. Which of the following deflects the direction of the wind
A) Gravitational force
B) Centrifugal force
C) Coriolis force
D) Frictional force
Explanation
If the earth did not rotate, the winds would blow in a straight path. Then the rotation of the earth results in Coriolis Effect and it deflects the direction of the wind
122. Totally there are _____ pressure belts on the globe.
A) 8
B) 5
C) 4
D) 7
Explanation
From the equator to the poles, each hemisphere has four pressure belts and totally there are seven belts on the globe. The pressure belts lead to formation of primary wind system
123. Which of the following belt is called as Doldrums
A) The sub polar low pressure belt
B) Polar high pressure belt
C) The equatorial low pressure belt
D) The subtropical high pressure belt
Explanation
This region is a belt of calm and referred to as the ‘Doldrums’
124. Consider the following statements, find out the correct answer
1. This belt is between 5 degree N and 5degree S
2. This is the region of calm, weak and changeable winds.
3. Due to the high temperature over this region, the air gets heated expands and become lighter and rises upward and creates low pressure over the region
A) The sub polar low pressure belt
B) Polar high pressure belt
C) The equatorial low pressure belt
D) The subtropical high pressure belt
125. Find out the correct statement about equatorial low pressure belt
1. The winds blow from the subtropical high pressure belt towards the equatorial low pressure belt.
2. Due to Coriolis Effect these winds are deflected to the left in the northern hemisphere and to the right in the southern hemisphere.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
The winds blow from the subtropical high pressure belt towards the equatorial low pressure belt. Due to Coriolis Effect these winds are deflected to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere.
126. ‘Trade winds’ are located in which of the following region?
A) Equatorial low pressure belt
B) Subtropical high pressure belts
C) Sub polar low pressure belts
D) Polar high pressure belts
Explanation
As winds are named after the direction from which they originate they are called as the North East and South east trade winds. As the winds favored trading ships in equatorial low pressure belt they are called as ‘Trade winds’.
127. Which belt is called as ‘Horse latitude’?
A) Equatorial low pressure belt
B) Subtropical high pressure belts
C) Sub polar low pressure belts
D) Polar high pressure belts
Explanation
It is said that to avoid the slowing down of ship due to high pressure in the subtropical high pressure belts the horses were thrown into the sea. So this belt is called as ‘Horse latitude’.
128. Find out the correct statement about subtropical high pressure belt
1. The subtropical high pressure belt is between 25 degree to 35 degree N and S
2. Air begins to cool when it reaches higher altitude over equatorial region and flows towards the poles.
3. This wind collides with the wind coming from the polar region at higher altitude and subsides down over subtropical latitudes.
A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) 3, 1
D) 1, 2, 3
Explanation
The subtropical high pressure belt is between 25 degree to 35 degree N and S Air begins to cool when it reaches higher altitude over equatorial region and flows towards the poles. This wind collides with the wind coming from the polar region at higher altitude and subsides down over subtropical latitudes. This leads to formation of high pressure belt along the subtropical region
129. Find out the incorrect statement
1. The sinking air in subtropical high pressure belt bifurcated in to two branches
2. These sinking air flows towards the equator and poles, they are called as navigation winds and westerly respectively.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
The sinking air bifurcated in to two branches towards the equator and poles, they are called as trade winds and westerly respectively. Westerlies flow towards the pole from sub tropics and turn towards right and left in northern hemisphere and southern hemisphere respectively.
130. The sub polar low pressure belt is
A) 55 degree to 65 degree N and S
B) 50 degree to 70 degree N and S
C) 55 degree to 60 degree N and S
D) 50 degree to 60 degree N and S
Explanation
The warm westerly wind from subtropical region moves towards the pole and collide with the cold polar easterly wind from polar high pressure region and raises up to form sub polar low pressure belt.
131. Find out the correct statement
1. The constant low temperature at the poles due to direct solar radiation leads to the formation of polar high pressure belt on both poles
2. Reduced insolation leads to the formation of polar high pressure belt on both poles.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
The constant low temperature at the poles due to inclined solar radiation and reduced insolation leads to the formation of polar high pressure belt on both poles.
132. Find out the correct statement
1. The high pressure on the surface always coincide with the high pressure at lower altitude
2. The low pressure on the surface always coincide with low pressure on the higher altitude.
3. High pressure always has convergence of air masses from the center
4. Low pressure has convergence of air masses from the center
A) 1, 2, 3
B) 2, 3, 4
C) All the above
D) None of the above
Explanation
The high pressure on the surface always coincide with the low pressure at higher altitude while the low pressure on the surface always coincide with higher pressure on the higher altitude. High pressure always has divergence of air masses from the center but low pressure has convergence of air.
133. In the southern hemisphere between the latitudes 40º and 60ºS are called as
1. Roaring Forties
2. Furious Fifties
3. Screeching Sixties
A) 1, 3
B) 2, 3
C) 1, 2
D) 1, 2, 3
Explanation
Ocean is dominant in the southern hemisphere between the latitudes 40º and 60ºS. Hence the westerlies are so powerful and persistent that the sailors used such expressions as “Roaring Forties”, “Furious Fifties” and “Screeching Sixties” for these high velocity winds in the latitudes of 40º, 50º and 60º respectively
134. Which of the following is correctly matched
1. The subtropical high pressure belt – 25 degree to 35 degree N and S
2. Polar high pressure belt – 80 degree N and S to pole
3. The sub polar low pressure belt – 50 degree to 60 degree N and S
4. The equatorial low pressure belt – 58 degree N and 58 degree S
A) 1, 2, 3
B) 2, 3, 4
C) 1, 3, 4
D) 1, 2, 3, 4
Explanation
135. Which are two important bases on which the pressure belts are formed?
1. Temperature
2. Pressure
3. Wind speed
4. Dynamism
A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) 3, 4
D) 4, 1
Explanation
There are two important bases on which the pressure belts are formed, they are temperature and dynamism
136. Which of the following pressure belts are formed because of temperature
1. Equatorial low pressure belt
2. Subtropical high pressure belts
3. Sub polar low pressure belts
4. Polar high pressure belts
A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) 1, 4
D) 3, 4
Explanation
The Equatorial low pressure belt and the Polar high pressure belts are formed due to high and low temperature. So, they are called as thermally formed pressure belts
137. Which of the following pressure belts are formed because of dynamism
1. Equatorial low pressure belt
2. Subtropical high pressure belts
3. Sub polar low pressure belts
4. Polar high pressure belts
A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) 1, 4
D) 3, 4
Explanation
The Subtropical high pressure belts and the Sub polar low pressure belts are formed due to movement and collision of wind system. So, they are called dynamically formed pressure belts
138. The cell along with trade winds, equatorial low and subtropical high pressure belt is called as
A) Hadley cell
B) Polar cell
C) Harley cell
D) Ferrell cell
139. Find out the correct statement
1. The cell formed by westerly wind along with subtropical high and sub polar low pressure belt is called as Harley cell
2. The cell formed at polar by polar easterly with polar high and sub polar low pressure belt is called polar cell
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
The cell formed by westerly wind along with subtropical high and sub polar low pressure belt is called as Ferrell cell
140. Which of the following cells are present in meridional cell system?
1. Hadley cell
2. Polar cell
3. Harley cell
4. Ferrell cell
A) 1, 2, 3
B) 1, 3, 4
C) 1, 2, 4
D) 2, 3, 4
141. ITCZ stands for
A) Inter Tropical Covering Zone
B) Inter Temperate Convergent Zone
C) Inter Tropical Convergent Zone
D) International Tropical Convergent Zone
142. Inter Tropical Convergent Zone is
A) The region where both polar wind systems meet
B) The region where both westerly wind systems meet
C) The region where both easterly wind systems meet
D) The region where both trade wind systems meet
143. The pressure belts and primary wind systems are dynamic in character, because
A) They shift 10 degree north and 10 degree south from their position
B) They shift 15 degree north and 15 degree south from their position
C) They shift 8 degree north and 8 degree south from their position
D) They shift 5 degree north and 5 degree south from their position
Explanation
The pressure belts and primary wind systems are dynamic in character, because they shift 5 degree north and 5 degree south from their position along with the apparent movement of the sun
144. Find out the incorrect answer
1. Monsoon alone is considered as secondary wind system
2. Secondary wind system is also called as regional wind system
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Monsoon and cyclones are considered as secondary wind system
145. Find out the correct statement
1. The word monsoon is derived from Greek word mausim
2. Mausim means monsoon
3. Monsoon are not a seasonal winds
A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) All the above
D) None of the above
Explanation
The word monsoon is derived from Arabic word mausim which means season. Monsoon are seasonal winds which reverse their direction due to unequal heating and cooling of the land and water.
146. Find out the correct statement
1. The land absorbs less heat energy during summer, which leads to formation of low pressure over the continent
2. The ocean will have relatively higher temperature than the continent leading to formation of high pressure system over ocean
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
The land absorbs more heat energy during summer, which leads to formation of low pressure over the continent. The ocean will have relatively lower temperature than the continent leading to formation of high pressure system over ocean
147. Find out the incorrect statement
1. The wind blows from sea to land during winter
2. The wind blows from land to sea during summer
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
The wind blows from sea to land during summer. The land radiates more heat energy to space during winter leading to the formation of high pressure above the continent. But the ocean will have relatively higher temperature than the continent leading to formation of low pressure system over ocean. So, wind blows from land to sea during the winter season.
148. Which mechanism has an important effect on rainfall received over ocean and continent?
A) Blowing wind
B) High pressure
C) Low temperature
D) Air molecules
Explanation
The wind blows from sea to land during summer wind blows from land to sea during the winter season. This mechanism has an important effect on rainfall received over the region
149. Which of the following are nature of monsoon system
1. Minimum 180 degree reversal of wind direction between seasons.
2. They affect a large part of the continents and oceans.
3. The formation of low and high pressure systems over land and water
A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) 3, 1
D) 1, 2, 3
Explanation
There are three distinct characteristics related to monsoon wind system which differentiates it from other wind systems. They are; (1) Minimum 160 degree reversal of wind direction between seasons. (2) They affect a large part of the continents and oceans. (3)The formation of low and high pressure systems over land and water and their interchange between the seasons.
150. If any wind system has all the characters of monsoon in one season but absence of at least one in the other season then is called as
1. Pseudo monsoon
2. Monsoon Tendency
3. False monsoon
4. Incorrect monsoon
A) 1, 3, 4
B) 2, 3, 4
C) 1, 2, 3
D) 1, 2, 3, 4
Explanation
If any wind system has all the above mentioned characters of monsoon in one season but absence of at least one in the other season then is called as ‘Pseudo monsoon’. The other names are ‘Monsoon tendency’ or ‘false monsoon’.
151. Monsoon system is classified into how many groups based on the location
A) 3
B) 4
C) 2
D) 5
Explanation
Monsoon system is classified into two groups based on the location. They are; a. Asian Monsoon b. South Asian Monsoon.
152. The Asian monsoon system is divided into two components, those are
1. Spring Monsoon of Asia
2. Summer Monsoon of Asia
3. Winter Monsoon of Asia
4. Autumn Monsoon of Asia
A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) 3, 4
D) 4, 1
153. During summer monsoon of Asia the presence of high temperature in _____ region creates low pressure in that region
A) Lake Victoria
B) Lake Huron
C) Lake Baikal
D) Lake Superior
Explanation
The presence of high temperature with low pressure in the lake Baikal region leading to flow of wind from Pacific Ocean to interior part of Asia during summer
154. Find out the correct statement
1. The Asian monsoon system is divided into two components based on season it flows.
2. The presence of high temperature with low pressure in the lake Baikal region and
3. Low temperature with high pressure in the Aleutian Islands region leading to flow of wind from Pacific Ocean to interior part of Asia during summer is called ‘summer monsoon of Asia’
A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) 3, 1
D) 1, 2, 3
Explanation
Meanwhile, in winter the low temperature and high pressure in the Lake Baikal region and high temperature and low pressure in the Aleutian Island region leading to flow of wind from Central Asia to Pacific Ocean is known as ‘Winter Monsoon of Asia’
155. The summer monsoon of Asia leads to rainfall in which region
1. West coast of Asia
2. North coast of Asia
3. East coast of Asia
4. South coast of Asia
Explanation
During Winter Monsoon of Asia as the wind system flows off shore, the rainfall does not occur in the continent of Asia except western coast of Japan.
156. South Asian Monsoon includes which of the following countries
1. India
2. Pakistan
3. Bangladesh
4. Sri Lanka
5. Myanmar
A) 1, 2, 3, 5
B) 2, 3, 4, 5
C) 1, 2, 3, 4
D) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Explanation
South Asian Monsoon includes the countries in the southern part of Himalayas, that is India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Nepal and Bhutan
157. Find out the correct statement about South Asian monsoon
A) South Asian monsoon system has been classified into two groups
B) This monsoon is divided based on the direction of origin of ocean
C) They are south east monsoon and north west monsoon
D) B and C
Explanation
South Asian monsoon system has been classified into two groups based on the direction of origin of wind namely south west monsoon and north east monsoon
158. Find out the incorrect statement
1. During summer in south west monsoon the Indian peninsula is heated less than the sea around it.
2. Intense high pressure is formed in the region of Peshawar of Pakistan.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
During summer in south west monsoon the Indian peninsula is heated more than the sea around it. Intense low pressure is formed in the region of Peshawar of Pakistan.
159. Find out the correct statement about south west monsoon
1. During summer, the Indian Ocean has higher pressure due to relatively low temperature.
2. So the wind blows from Indian Ocean towards South Asia as Southeast Winds.
3. The wind turns towards left due to Coriolis Effect and blows as south west winds which bring heavy rains.
4. This is known as south west monsoon in Indian Subcontinent.
A) 1, 2, 3
B) 2, 3, 4
C) 1, 2, 4
D) 1, 2, 3, 4
Explanation
The Indian Ocean has higher pressure due to relatively low temperature. So the wind blows from Indian Ocean towards South Asia as Southeast Winds. The wind turns towards right due to Coriolis Effect and blows as south west winds which bring heavy rains. This is known as south west monsoon in Indian Subcontinent.
160. During south west monsoon south west winds which bring heavy rains around _______ months of the year.
A) 3
B) 4
C) 5
D) 2
Explanation
The south west monsoon wind system bifurcates into two branches as Arabian Sea branch and Bay of Bengal branch.
161. Find out the correct statement
1. The Arabian Sea branch of south west monsoon strikes the Western Ghats at perpendicular direction and rises over it.
2. The orographic effect by the Western Ghats results in low rainfall in the windward side and heavy rainfall in the leeward side.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
The orographic effect by the Western Ghats results in heavy rainfall in the windward side and low rainfall in the leeward side. So the west coast of India receives high rainfall when compared to the eastern side of the Western Ghats
162. Which is the first state to receive rainfall from the south west monsoon in India
A) Tamil Nadu
B) Kerala
C) Mumbai
D) Karnataka
Explanation
Kerala is the first state to receive rainfall from the south west monsoon in India. Then, the wind gradually moves towards the north of the western coast and leads to gradual development of the monsoon in parts of Karnataka, Goa, Maharashtra, Gujarat and Rajasthan
163. South west monsoon starts in India during
A) First week of June
B) Second week of June
C) First week of July
D) Second week of July
Explanation
Kerala is the first state to receive rainfall from the south west monsoon in India, which occurs during first week of June. Then, the wind gradually moves towards the north of the western coast and leads to gradual development of the monsoon in parts of Karnataka, Goa, Maharashtra, Gujarat and Rajasthan. The wind further advances towards foot hill of the Himalayas and creates orographic rainfall in the Himalayan states, Punjab and Haryana. The other part of the Arabian Sea branch moves towards the east and results in onset of monsoon in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. Here, it unites with the Bay of Bengal branch and leads to heavy rainfall and flood.
164. Which results in orographic rainfall in Sri Lanka?
A) Bay of Bengal branch winds
B) Arabian Sea branch
C) Indian Ocean branch
D) Jet streams
Explanation
Bay of Bengal branch flows from south west which results in orographic rainfall in Sri Lanka and reaches Andaman and Nicobar Islands and results in orographic rainfall
165. Which of the following is the first place which receives rainfall during south west monsoon in India during middle of May?
A) Little Andaman
B) Great Nicobar
C) Barren Island
D) Neil Island
Explanation
Indira point in the Great Nicobar is the first place which receives rainfall during south west monsoon in India during middle of May.
166. Consider the following statements:
Assertion (A): Coromandel Coast of India doesn’t get enough rainfall during south west monsoon.
Reason (R): Bay of Bengal branch flows from south west, results in orographic rainfall in Sri Lanka.
Codes:
A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C) (A) is true but (R) is false
D) (A) is false but (R) is true
Explanation
The wind flows parallel to the east coast of India and Eastern Ghats. So Coromandel Coast of India doesn’t get enough rainfall during south west monsoon.
167. Find out the correct statement about Bay of Bengal branch of south west monsoon
A) The wind strikes Arakanyoma Mountain in Myanmar and results in heavy rainfall in eastern coast of Myanmar.
B) The wind funnels towards north eastern part of India after deflected by the Arakanyoma Mountain in Myanmar.
C) This wind strikes Meghalaya plateau which leads to heavy rainfall in Nepal and North eastern part of India
D) A and C
Explanation
The wind strikes Arakanyoma Mountain in Myanmar and results in heavy rainfall in western coast of Myanmar. The wind funnels towards north eastern part of India after deflected by the Arakanyoma Mountain in Myanmar. This wind strikes Meghalaya plateau which leads to heavy rainfall in Bangladesh and north eastern part of India
168. Find out the correct statement
1. Mawsynram, the wettest place in the world
2. Mawsynram is located in the windward side of Deccan plateau.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Mawsynram, the wettest place (highest annual rainfall) in the world, is located in the windward side of Meghalaya plateau.
169. Which of the following leads to flood in River Brahmaputra during south west monsoon?
A) Bay of Bengal branch
B) Arabian Sea branch
C) Jet streams
D) Polar easterly winds
Explanation
The wind flows parallel to the east coast of India and Eastern Ghats. So Coromandel Coast of India doesn’t get enough rainfall during south west monsoon. The wind strikes Arakanyoma Mountain in Myanmar and results in heavy rainfall in western coast of Myanmar. The wind funnels towards north eastern part of India after deflected by the Arakanyoma Mountain in Myanmar. This wind strikes Meghalaya plateau which leads to heavy rainfall in Bangladesh and north eastern part of India. The wind further advances towards the Himalayas where it creates heavy rainfall in the southern slopes. This leads to flood in River Brahmaputra
170. Which of the following place the Bay of Bengal branch joins with Arabian Sea branch?
A) Sikkim
B) West Bengal
C) Nepal
D) Bihar
Explanation
During south west monsoon the Bay of Bengal branch of wind further advances towards the Himalayas where it creates heavy rainfall in the southern slopes. The wind gradually moves towards the west and results in onset of monsoon in Bhutan, Sikkim, West Bengal, Nepal and Bihar. It joins with Arabian Sea branch in Bihar and results in heavy rainfall and flood
171. The south west monsoon gradually withdraws from south Asian continent due to
A) Movement of the Sun towards the northern hemisphere
B) Movement of the Sun towards the southern hemisphere
C) Movement of the Sun towards the eastern hemisphere
D) Movement of the Sun towards the western hemisphere
Explanation
The south west monsoon gradually withdraws from south Asian continent due to apparent movement of the Sun towards the southern hemisphere. This is called as ‘Withdrawal of South West Monsoon’.
172. Which of the following is called as Retreating Monsoon
A) North east monsoon
B) South west monsoon
C) Asian monsoon
D) South Asian monsoon
173. Find out the correct statement about north east monsoon
1. During winter the Indian Subcontinent becomes hotter than the Indian Ocean.
2. As a result the wind blows from Northwest to South east direction
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
During winter the Indian Subcontinent becomes colder than the Indian Ocean. As a result the wind blows from Northeast to South West direction
174. Find out the incorrect statement about north east monsoon
1. This is dry wind system and it produces rainfall in the coastal region of south Asia
2. This wind produce rainfall in the Coromandel Coast of India and Sri Lanka.
3. This is known as North East Monsoon or Retreating Monsoon in South Asia.
A) 1, 2
B) 2 only
C) 1 only
D) None of the above
Explanation
During winter the Indian Subcontinent becomes colder than the Indian Ocean. As a result the wind blows from Northeast to South West direction. This is dry wind system and it does not produce rainfall in the coastal region of south Asia except the Coromandel Coast of India and Sri Lanka. This is known as North East Monsoon or Retreating Monsoon in South Asia.
175. During the El Nino year the temperature of the which ocean water increases
A) Pacific Ocean
B) Arctic Ocean
C) Atlantic Ocean
D) Indian Ocean
Explanation
During the El Nino year the temperature of the ocean water increases. This weakens the high pressure over Indian Ocean thereby reduces the strength of south west monsoon over south Asia. However during winter, it induces the low pressure over the ocean resulting in severe depressions and cyclones. Agriculture in India mostly depends on the rainfall brought by the monsoons.
176. The tertiary winds are formed due to _______?
A) Temperature difference
B) Rotation of earth
C) Pressure gradients
D) Heating of atmosphere
Explanation
The tertiary winds are formed due to pressure gradients which may develop on a local scale because of differences in the heating and cooling of the earth’s surface
177. Air begins to blow from high pressure over ocean to the low pressure over the land is called
1. Land breeze
2. Sea breeze
3. Valley breeze
4. Mountain breeze
Explanation
During daytime, land heats up much faster than water. The air over the land warms and expands leading to form low pressure. At the same time, the air over the ocean becomes cool because of water’s slower rate of heating and results in formation of high pressure. Air begins to blow from high pressure over ocean to the low pressure over the land. This is called as ‘Sea breeze’
178. Find out the correct statement
1. Fishermen go for fishing at early morning along the sea breeze
2. Fishermen return to the shore in the evening with the land breeze.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Fishermen go for fishing at early morning along the land breeze and return to the shore in the evening with the sea breeze.
179. Find out the correct statement
1. During night time, the wind blows from land to sea and it is called as sea breeze
2. Sea breeze and land breeze influence the movement of boats near the coastal region and fisher men use these winds for their daily fish catching.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
During night time, the wind blows from land to sea and it is called as Land breeze
180. Find out the correct statement about valley wind
1. A valley breeze develops during the day as the sun heats the land surface and air at the valley bottom and sides.
2. As the air gets heated it becomes high dense and begins to blow gently down the valley sides.
3. This is called as valley wind
A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) 3, 1
D) 1, 2, 3
Explanation
A valley breeze develops during the day as the sun heats the land surface and air at the valley bottom and sides. As the air gets heated it becomes less dense and begins to blow gently up the valley sides. This is called as valley wind
181. Find out the correct statement about mountain wind
1. The valley wind process reverses at night
2. It leads to blow of wind from valley bottom to mountain top referred to as mountain wind
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
The valley wind process reverses at night leading to blow of wind from mountain top to valley bottom referred to as ‘mountain wind
182. Find out the correct statement
A) Mountain and valley wind systems influence the weather pattern of the mountain top and valley bottom.
B) Mountain top can be seen clearly at evening
C) Valley bottom can be seen clearly at early morning
D) B and C
Explanation
Mountain and valley wind systems influence the weather pattern of the mountain top and valley bottom. Mountain top can be seen clearly at early morning and valley bottom at evening
183. Find out the correct statement
A) Mountain top will be covered with clouds at evening due to rising of valley wind system
B) Valley bottom would be covered by clouds at early morning due to arrival of mountain wind system.
C) These clouds are sometimes called as mist
D) A and B
Explanation
Mountain top will be covered with clouds at evening due to rising of valley wind system and valley bottom would be covered by clouds at early morning due to arrival of mountain wind system. These clouds are sometimes called as ‘fog’ which is used for cultivation in the dry regions like Yemen.
184. Which of the followings are local winds
1. Bora
2. Chinook
3. Fohn
4. Harmattan
5. Karaburan
6. Khamsin
7. Loo
8. Mistral
A) 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7
B) 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8
C) 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
D) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
Explanation
Local wind systems influence the weather pattern where ever they blow
185. Which of the following is north easterly wind blows from Eastern Europe to north eastern Italy?
A) Bora
B) Chinook
C) Fohn
D) Harmattan
Explanation
Bora is north easterly from Eastern Europe to north eastern Italy. Mistral is cold northerly from central France and the Alps to Mediterranean.
186. Find out the correct statement
1. Khamsin is north easterly from North Africa to the eastern Mediterranean
2. Loo is hot and dry wind which blows over plains of India and Myanmar
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Khamsin is south easterly from North Africa to the eastern Mediterranean. Loo is hot and dry wind which blows over plains of India and Pakistan.
187. Find out the correct statement about nor’ wester
1. Wind that brings rain to west coast of New Zealand’s south island
2. It is caused by mass prevailing winds being uplifted over the Southern Alps
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Nor’ wester is a wind that bring rain to west coast, and the warm dry winds to the east coast of New Zealand’s Southern Island, caused by mass prevailing winds being uplifted over the Southern Alps, often accompanied by the distinctive arched cloud pattern
188. Black storm is occurs in
A) Karaburan
B) Khamsin
C) Loo
D) Mistral
Explanation
Karaburan is a ‘Black storm’ a spring and summer katabatic wind of central Asia
189. Which of the following is called as Harmattan
A) North easterly from Eastern Europe to north eastern Italy
B) Dry northerly wind across central Africa
C) South easterly from North Africa to the eastern Mediterranean
D) Hot and dry wind which blows over plains of India and Pakistan
Explanation
Khamsin is South easterly from North Africa to the eastern Mediterranean. Loo is Hot and dry wind which blows over plains of India and Pakistan. Bora is North easterly from Eastern Europe to north eastern Italy
190. Warm dry westerly off the Rocky Mountains is
A) Bora
B) Chinook
C) Fohn
D) Harmattan
191. Which of the following is known as fohn?
A) Warm dry northerly off the northern side of the Alps and Switzerland.
B) Warm dry southerly off the northern side of the Andes and Switzerland.
C) Warm dry southerly off the southern side of the Alps and Switzerland.
D) Warm dry southerly off the northern side of the Alps and Switzerland.
192. Which of the following is correctly matched
1. Harmattan – Africa
2. Karaburan – Central Asia
3. Mistral – France
4. Nor’easter – United States
A) 1, 3, 4
B) 2, 3, 1
C) 4, 3, 2
D) 1, 2, 3, 4
Explanation
Nor’easter is a strong winds from north east in the eastern United States, especially New England
193. A very strong wind which blows in pampa is called?
A) Bora
B) Pampero
C) Fohn
D) Harmattan
Explanation
194. Simoom blows in which of the following places
1. Jordan
2. Syria
3. Sahara
4. Israel
5. Egypt
A) 2, 3, 4, 5
B) 1, 2, 3, 5
C) 1, 2, 4, 5
D) 1, 2, 3, 4
Explanation
Simoom is a strong, dry, desert wind that blows in the Sahara, Israel, Jordan, Syria, and the desert of Arabia.
195. Find out the correct statement
1. Zonda wind is a southerly from North Africa to southern Europe
2. Sirocco blows on the eastern slope of Andes in Argentina
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Sirocco is a southerly from North Africa to southern Europe. Zonda wind blows on the eastern slope of Andes in Argentina
196. Find out the correct statement
1. Jet streams are high altitude easterly wind system
2. Jet streams flows at height of 6 km to 24 km
3. Jet streams blows with high speed up to 150 km/ hour
A) 2, 3
B) 2, 1
C) All the above
D) None of the above
Explanation
Jet streams are high altitude westerly wind system. Jet streams flows at height of 6 km to 14 km. Jet streams blows with high speed up to 450 km/ hour
197. Which of the following is called as ‘Circum polar wind system’?
A) Westerly wind
B) Polar easterly wind
C) Trade wind
D) Jet streams
Explanation
Jet stream encircle the poles, so they are called as ‘Circum polar wind system’. Although the jet streams flow at higher altitude they also influences the surface weather pattern of the Earth.
198. Find out the incorrect statement
1. The wavy structure of the jet streams represented as Rossby waves
2. Jet streams were discovered during the First World War
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Jet streams were discovered during the Second World War as the jet pilots felt the strong obstruction in the higher altitudes.
199. Which of the following are Major impacts of Jet streams
1. Creation of Polar vortex
2. Sudden burst of South west monsoon
3. Late and early monsoon in South Asia
4. Intensity of monsoon rainfall
A) 1, 2, 3
B) 2, 3, 4
C) 1, 3, 4
D) 1, 2, 3, 4
Explanation
Creation of Polar vortex, Sudden burst of South west monsoon, Late and early monsoon in South Asia, Intensity of monsoon rainfall, bringing rainfall to India by western disturbances, Development of super cyclone are the major impacts of jet streams.
200. Find out the correct statement
1. Polar westerly jet stream will carry cold polar air masses towards temperate region
2. This creates severe cold waves in North America and Australia during winter.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Polar westerly jet stream will carry cold polar air masses towards temperate region which creates severe cold waves in North America and Eurasia during winter.
201. Which leads to sudden burst of South west monsoon into Indian Subcontinent?
A) Withdrawal of polar westerly jet stream from Indian subcontinent to southern part of Pamir
B) Withdrawal of polar easterly jet stream from Indian subcontinent to northern part of Pamir
C) Withdrawal of polar westerly jet stream from Indian subcontinent to northern part of Himalayas
D) Withdrawal of polar westerly jet stream from Indian subcontinent to northern part of Pamir
Explanation
Sudden withdrawal of polar westerly jet stream from Indian subcontinent to northern part of Pamir, leads to sudden burst of South west monsoon into Indian Subcontinent.
202. Find out the correct statement
1. Rate of with drawl of polar easterly jet stream decides the onset of south west monsoon.
2. Slower and faster rate of with drawl leads to late and early onset of south west monsoon
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Rate of with drawl of polar westerly jet stream decides the onset of south west monsoon. Slower and faster rate of with drawl leads to late and early onset of south west monsoon
203. Which leads to increasing intensity of rainfall during south west monsoon?
A) Polar easterly jet stream
B) Tropical westerly jet stream
C) Tropical easterly jet stream
D) Polar westerly jet stream
Explanation
The arrival of tropical easterly jet stream influences the intensity of south west monsoon. This leads to increasing intensity of rainfall during south west monsoon.
204. Find out the correct statement about polar westerly jet streams
1. Polar westerly jet stream carries rainy clouds from cyclones formed over Mediterranean Sea during summer towards India.
2. These clouds piles up on the Himalayas and results in rainfall over the states of Delhi and Haryana.
3. This assists in the cultivation of rice in India.
A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) All the above
D) None of the above
Explanation
Polar westerly jet stream carries rainy clouds from cyclones formed over Mediterranean Sea during winter towards India. These clouds piles up on the Himalayas and results in rainfall over the states of Punjab and Haryana. This assists in the cultivation of wheat in India.
205. Find out the correct statement
1. Humidity is the amount of water in the atmosphere.
2. Pressure of the air controls the capacity of the air to hold moisture.
3. The maximum amount of moisture that can be hold by the air in the particular temperature is called as Humidity Capacity
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) 3 only
D) All the above
Explanation
Humidity is the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere. Temperature of the air controls the capacity of the air to hold moisture. The maximum amount of moisture that can be hold by the air in the particular temperature is called as Humidity Capacity
206. Find out the incorrect statement
1. As the volume increases with the temperature of the air, it can hold more moisture.
2. As the pressure increases with the temperature of the air, it can hold more moisture.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
As the volume increases with the temperature of the air, it can hold more moisture. So, humidity capacity increases with temperature. It is measured as weight of humidity or volume of the air.
207. Consider the following statements, find out the correct answer
1. It measures the total amount of water vapor present in the air at particular time.
2. It is highly variable based on the surface on which the air moves
A) Relative humidity
B) Absolute humidity
C) Actual humidity
D) Direct humidity
Explanation
This measures the total amount of water vapor present in the air at particular time. It is highly variable based on the surface on which the air moves. It is measured as weight of humidity/volume of the air.
208. Find out the correct statement
1. Hygrometer is used to measure the relative moisture of a region.
2. Relative Humidity is the ratio of Actual humidity and humidity capacity in term of percentage.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Relative Humidity is the ratio of Absolute humidity and humidity capacity in term of percentage. Hygrometer is used to measure the relative humidity of a region.
209. Find out the correct statement about relative humidity
A) It reveals the condition of air to get saturated
B) This is controlled by both temperature and pressure content of the air.
C) The condition is that when the temperature increases relative humidity (RH) % decreases.
D) A and C
Explanation
It reveals the condition of air to get saturated. This is controlled by both temperature and moisture content of the air. The condition is that when the temperature increases RH% decreases. But when absolute humidity increases RH% increases
210. What is saturation of air
A) Air reaches 200 % relative humidity
B) Air reaches 100 % relative humidity
C) Air reaches 100 % absolute humidity
D) Air reaches 100 % actual humidity
211. Find out the correct statement
1. If an air reaches 100% relative humidity, it means that the air is completely filled with moisture content.
2. It indicates that both the absolute humidity and the relative humidity of the air are in same level
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
If an air reaches 100% relative humidity, it means that the air is completely filled with moisture content. It indicates that both the absolute humidity and the humidity capacity of the air are in same level. This condition is called ‘saturation of air’
212. The temperature at which the air gets saturated is called as
A) Saturation point
B) Dew point
C) Mist point
D) None of the above
Explanation
If an air reaches 100% relative humidity, it means that the air is completely filled with moisture content. It indicates that both the absolute humidity and the humidity capacity of the air are in same level. This condition is called ‘saturation of air’ which can be attained by reducing the temperature of the air or increasing the moisture content. The temperature at which the air gets saturated is called as ‘dew point’.
213. Find out the incorrect statement, about super saturation
A) The RH crosses the 100% when the temperature of the air drops below its dew point.
B) This condition is called as ‘super saturation’ of the air.
C) In this condition the air releases the less moisture out of it in the form of tiny water droplets
D) A and B
Explanation
The RH crosses the 100% when the temperature of the air drops below its dew point. This condition is called as ‘super saturation’ of the air. In this condition the air releases the excess moisture out of it in the form of tiny water droplets which floats and form clouds in the atmosphere.
214. Which of the following is called cloud on the ground?
A) Mist
B) Frost
C) Smog
D) Fog
Explanation
If the same process like super saturation occurs on the surface of the earth, it is called as ‘fog’ or cloud on the ground.
215. Which of the following is correctly matched
1. Transpiration – Water changes from liquid state to gaseous state.
2. Evaporation – Water state changes from liquid in to vapor state due to the activity of plants.
3. Evapotranspiration – Evaporation and the activity of plants transpiration.
A) 1, 2
B) 2 only
C) 3 only
D) All the above
Explanation
Condensation is the change of the physical state of water vapor (gas state) into water (liquid state). Evaporation – Water changes from liquid state to gaseous (vapor) state. Transpiration – Water state changes from liquid in to (gas) vapor state due to the activity of plants. Evapotranspiration – This denotes that the total amount of (liquid) water state changed in to (gas) vapor state due to evaporation and the activity of plants transpiration
216. Find out the incorrect statement
1. Clouds are tiny water droplets suspended in the air
2. Clouds are formed due to the convection
3. The clouds can be classified based on their form, design and appearance
A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) 3, 1
D) None of the above
Explanation
Clouds are tiny water droplets suspended in the air. Clouds are formed due to the condensation. The clouds can be classified based on their form, height and appearance
217. Which of the following are high clouds?
1. Cirrus
2. Cirrocumulus
3. Cirrostratus
4. Nimbus
A) 2, 3, 4
B) 3, 4, 1
C) 1, 2, 3
D) 1, 2, 3, 4
Explanation
High clouds are mainly cirrus (Ci) which are feathery form at 6 km above the ground.
218. Consider the following statements, find the correct answer
1. This looks fibrous and appears as wisps cotton in the blue sky.
2. It indicates fair weather
A) Cirrus
B) Cirrocumulus
C) Cirrostratus
D) Nimbus
Explanation
Cirrus (Ci) – This looks fibrous and appears as wisps cotton in the blue sky. It indicates fair weather and gives brilliant sun set.
219. Which of the following clouds form the mackerel sky?
A) Cirrus
B) Cirrocumulus
C) CirroStratus
D) Nimbostratus
Explanation
Cirrocumulus (Cc) – This appears as white globular masses, forming a mackerel sky.
220. Which of the following clouds a halo?
A) Cirrus
B) Cirrocumulus
C) Cirrostratus
D) Nimbostratus
Explanation
Cirrostratus (Cs) – This resembles a thin white sheet. The sky looks milky and the sun and moon shines through this clouds and form a ‘halo’.
221. Find out the incorrect statement
1. Middle Clouds are mainly Alto (Alt) clouds
2. Middle clouds located at 2 km to 9 km above the ground.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Middle Clouds are mainly Alto (Alt) clouds at 2 km to 6 km above the ground. Altocumulus Altostratus are two main middle clouds.
222. Consider the following statements, find the correct answer.
1. These are bumpy clouds arranged in layers appearing like waves in the blue sky.
2. They indicate fine weather.
A) Altostratus
B) Stratocumulus
C) Nimbostratus
D) Altocumulus
Explanation
Altocumulus (Alt-Cu): These are woolly, bumpy clouds arranged in layers appearing like waves in the blue sky. They indicate fine weather.
223. Find out the correct statement
1. Altostratus are denser and have watery look.
2. Isonephs is the imaginary line connecting the places having equal amount of moisture
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Isonephs – The imaginary line connecting the places having equal amount of cloudiness.
224. Which of the following are low clouds
1. Stratus
2. Nimbostratus
3. Stratocumulus
A) 2, 3
B) 1, 3
C) 1, 2
D) 1, 2, 3
225. Find out the correct statement
1. Low Clouds are mainly Stratus or sheet clouds below 5 km height.
2. Stratocumulus is soft and bumpy clouds with wavy structure.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Stratocumulus (St-Cu): This is rough and bumpy clouds with wavy structure. Low Clouds: Mainly Stratus or sheet clouds below 2 km height
226. Which cloud is a hindrance to air transportation.
A) Altostratus
B) Stratocumulus
C) Nimbostratus
D) Stratus
Explanation
Stratus (St): This is very low cloud, uniformly grey and thick, appears like highland fog. It brings dull weather and light drizzle. It reduces the visibility and is a hindrance to air transportation.
227. Which is called as rainy clouds?
A) Altostratus
B) Stratocumulus
C) Nimbostratus
D) Stratus
Explanation
Nimbostratus (Ni-St): This is dark dull cloud, clearly layered, as it brings rain, snow and sleet and it is called as rainy cloud.
228. Find out the incorrect statement
1. Clouds with vertical extent are mainly cumulus clouds whose heights extend from 7 km to 10 km
2. These clouds are cumulus and cumulonimbus respectively
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Clouds with vertical extent are mainly cumulus clouds whose heights extend from 2 km to 10 km approximately.
229. Which is called as fair weather cloud
A) Cumulonimbus
B) Nimbostratus
C) Cumulus
D) Cirrostratus
Explanation
Cumulus (Cu): This is vertical cloud with rounded top and horizontal base, associated with convectional process in the tropical region. It also called as ‘fair weather cloud’.
230. Find out the incorrect statement
A) Cumulonimbus is over grown cumulus cloud with great vertical extent, with black and white globular mass.
B) The cauliflower top spreads like an anvil.
C) This is formed due to heavy convection in the Polar Regions.
D) A and B
Explanation
Cumulonimbus (Cu-Ni): This is over grown cumulus cloud with great vertical extent, with black and white globular mass. The cauliflower top spreads like an anvil. This is formed due to heavy convection in the tropical regions. It is accompanied by lightning, thunder and heavy rainfall.
231. Find out the incorrect statement
1. Fog is defined as almost microscopic droplets of water condensed from super saturated air and suspended over surface of the earth
2. Fog occurs during calm wind conditions.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
‘Fog’ is defined as almost microscopic droplets of water condensed from super saturated air and suspended over or near the surface of the earth. Fog occurs during calm or light wind conditions.
232. Fogs reduce the visibility to less than _____?
A) 1.5 km
B) 2 km
C) 1 km
D) 2.5 km
Explanation
‘Fog’ is defined as almost microscopic droplets of water condensed from super saturated air and suspended over or near the surface of the earth. Fogs reduce the visibility to less than 1 km.
233. Consider the following statements:
Assertion (A): Fog is more common in the areas near to the ocean.
Reason (R): Due to the supply of more moisture by land breeze
Codes:
A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C) (A) is true but (R) is false
D) (A) is false but (R) is true
Explanation
Fog is more common in the areas near to the ocean due to the supply of more moisture by sea breeze..
234. Find out the incorrect statement
1. In the interior of the continents fog is formed due to reduction of temperature to extreme low during the summer nights
2. If the fog has higher visibility due to lesser water drops near the surface it is termed as frost.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
If the fog has higher visibility due to lesser water drops near the surface it is termed as ‘mist’. In the interior of the continents fog is formed due to reduction of temperature to extreme low during the winter nights.
235. Find out the correct statement
A) In large industrial areas the air is more polluted.
B) If the fog forms in that industrious area it mixes with the pollutants and turns into smog
C) Smog is less hazardous to the health of the people.
D) A and C
Explanation
In large industrial areas the air is more polluted. If the fog forms in that industrious area it mixes with the pollutants and turns into smog. Smog is more hazardous to the health of the people. (Smoke + fog = smog)
236. Find out the correct statement
1. Continuous movement of water among the three spheres is known as Hydrological Cycle.
2. Hydrological cycle involves evaporation, condensation, precipitation except advection
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Continuous movement of water among the three spheres is known as Hydrological Cycle. Hydrological cycle involves evaporation, condensation, precipitation, advection, interception, evapotranspiration, infiltration, percolation and runoff to the ocean
237. Find out the incorrect statement
1. Evaporation is the process by which water in liquid state changes into vapor state using radiation from Sun.
2. Evaporation is maximum when the temperature is high.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Evaporation is the process by which water in liquid state changes into vapor state using heat energy from Sun. Evaporation is maximum when the temperature is high, on the large expanse of water and when dry winds blow over water surface.
238. Consider the following statements, find out the correct statement
1. It is the process by which water vapor cools to form water droplet by losing temperature.
2. It occurs when dew point is reached in the atmosphere.
A) Evapotranspiration
B) Precipitation
C) Advection
D) Condensation
Explanation
Condensation is the process by which water vapor cools to form water droplet by losing temperature. The condensation occurs when dew point is reached in the atmosphere.
239. Find out the correct statement
1. Interception is the process by which all forms of water particles fall from the atmosphere
2. The rain drop that falls may get evaporated before it reaches the ground in an extremely arid region.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Precipitation is the process by which all forms of water particles fall from the atmosphere and reach the ground
240. Find out the correct statement
1. The study of air mass is very important part of Geology.
2. Air always takes some of the properties of the area over which it lies.
3. This parcel of air does not remain stationary for several days.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) 2, 3
D) 1, 2, 3
Explanation
The study of air mass is very important part of Meteorology. Air always takes some of the properties of the area over which it lies. This parcel of air may remain stationary for several days and develops its own characteristics. Under this situation, the air becomes recognizable as an air mass.
241. Find out the incorrect statement
1. An air mass is defined as an immense body of air several kilometers in length and height and thickness
2. It is characterized by homogeneous physical properties in vertical direction at any level.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
An air mass is defined as ‘an immense body of air several kilometers in length and breadth and thickness which is characterized by homogeneous physical properties (like temperature, moisture) in horizontal direction at any level’.
242. Find out the correct statement
A) An extensive portion of the surface area over which air mass has acquired its qualities is called as ‘Air mass source region’.
B) The source region must be land
C) Northern and Southern Pacific, Atlantic Oceans are favorable locations as source region for air masses.
D) A and C
Explanation
Such an extensive portion of the surface area over which air mass has acquired its qualities is called as ‘Air mass source region’. The source region may be land or water body. For example, Sahara desert, Siberia, the Great Plain of North America, Northern Plain of Europe, Western Australia, Antarctica, Green Land, Arctic Ocean, Northern and Southern Pacific, Atlantic Oceans are favorable locations as source region for air masses.
243. The air masses can be classified based on which of the following factors
1. Latitude
2. Nature of the surface
3. Stability
4. Temperature
5. Longitude
6. Pressure
A) 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
B) 1, 2, 4, 5, 6
C) 2, 3, 4, 6
D) 1, 2, 3, 4
Explanation
The air masses can be classified based on the following factors; 1. Latitude – Tropical (T) and Polar (P) air masses, 2. Nature of the surface – Continent (c) and marine (m) air masses, 3. Temperature – warm (w) and Cold (k) air masses, 4. Stability – stable (s) and unstable (u) air masses
244. Find out the incorrect statement about air masses
1. Air masses normally migrate from their source region to other regions, which have different surface properties
2. As the air masses move out from their source regions, they modify the weather of the areas
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Air masses normally migrate from their source region to other regions, which have different surface properties, mostly along with primary winds. As the air masses move out from their source regions, they not only modify the weather of the areas they occupy, but also modify themselves according to the surface over which it moves.
245. The zone of transition between two contrasting air mass is called as?
A) Fronts
B) Smog
C) Mist
D) Frost
Explanation
When two air masses with different physical characters meet, there is usually little mixing of air. The zone of transition between two contrasting air mass is called as fronts. As heavier air mass always tends to push up the lighter air mass the front always slopes over the cold air mass.
246. Which of the following fronts result in the formation of cumulonimbus clouds?
A) Warm front
B) Heavy front
C) Cold front
D) None of the above
Explanation
If cold air mass moves forward rapidly and causes the warm air to rise vertically, it leads to the formation of steep slope called as cold front
247. Which of the following clouds associated with lightning and thunder?
A) Cumulus
B) Stratus
C) Cirrostratus
D) Cumulonimbus
Explanation
If cold air mass moves forward rapidly and causes the warm air to rise vertically, it leads to the formation of steep slope called as cold front. Cold fronts leads to the formation of cumulonimbus clouds with heavy rainfall associated with lightning and thundering
248. Find out the correct statement
1. If warm air is moving over a cold air mass it produces a steep slope called as warm front
2. Warm fronts results in the formation of cumulonimbus and nimbostratus clouds
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
If warm air is moving over a cold air mass it produces a gentle slope called as warm front. Warm fronts results in the formation of stratus and nimbostratus clouds and cover over large areas providing moderate rainfall.
249. Which of the following are conditions for formation of fronts
1. There must be two air mass with contrasting physical characters
2. There must be collision of air mass.
3. There must be deflection between two air masses
A) 1, 3
B) 2, 3
C) 1, 2
D) 1, 2, 3
250. Consider the following statements:
Assertion (A): At the equatorial low pressure belt though there is two trade wind systems meet they do not form any front
Reason (R): Because of high temperature in equatorial region
Codes:
A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C) (A) is true but (R) is false
D) (A) is false but (R) is true
Explanation
At the equatorial low pressure belt though there is two trade wind systems meet they do not form any front, because the air masses are of similar characteristics (both warm) and they do not collide with each other. Whereas the sub polar low pressure belt air masses collide with each other forming fronts.
251. Find out the incorrect statements
A) Acid rain is a rain that is unusually acidic
B) Acid rain has elevated levels of nitrogen ions
C) Acid rain is caused by chemical compounds like Sulphur di oxide and nitrogen oxide that are released into air by anthropogenic activities and tsunami
D) B and C
Explanation
Acid rain is a rain that is unusually acidic. Acid rain has elevated levels of hydrogen ions. Acid rain is caused by chemical compounds like Sulphur di oxide and nitrogen oxide that are released into air by anthropogenic activities and volcanic eruption.
252. PH value of normal rain
A) 5.9
B) 4.5
C) 5.6
D) 6
Explanation
The normal rain has been given a PH value of 5.6 and the acid rain has PH value less than normal rain
253. Normally the rainfall is slightly acidic, because of presence of dissolved
A) Carboxylic acid
B) Chloric acid
C) Carbonic acid
D) Sulfuric acid
Explanation
The great way to reduce acid rain is by using renewable energy resources, such as solar wind powers and reducing the use of fossil fuels
254. One method to cause artificial rainfall from clouds is by introducing?
A) Solid CO2
B) Solid N2
C) Solid H2
D) Solid O2
Explanation
Modern science has been successful in causing rain in a limited way through cloud seeding. This method is based on the knowledge of growing ice crystals in clouds. One method to cause rainfall from clouds is to introduce particles of dry ice (solid CO2) into the cloud from an air plane
255. Find out the correct statement about cloud seeding
1. The dry ice causes ice crystals to form in the cloud.
2. These ice crystals coalesce, grow, melt and fall as rain.
3. Cloud seeding will not be successful unless the cloud is already saturated with carbon di oxide
A) 1, 3
B) 2, 3
C) 1, 2
D) 1, 2, 3
Explanation
The dry ice causes ice crystals to form in the cloud. These ice crystals coalesce, grow, melt and fall as rain. Cloud seeding will not be successful unless the cloud is already saturated with water vapor.
256. Find out the correct statement about precipitation
1. Precipitation is the product of condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity and reach the surface of the earth.
2. In order to fall as rain drop or snow, the tiny drop lets in a cloud must grow larger.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
In order to fall as rain drop or snow, the tiny drop lets in a cloud must grow larger. The droplets accumulate over the nuclei and combine to grow large enough to fall and reach the surface of the earth due to gravity. If the drop is smaller it falls slowly so that it evaporates before it reaches the ground.
257. Find out the incorrect statement about ice crystals
A) Ice crystals in cloud also cause precipitation.
B) Each ice crystal grows by cooling so that they become small in size and fall to the ground.
C) They melt on the way due to gravity with the atmosphere and fall as rain.
D) B and C
Explanation
Ice crystals in cloud also cause precipitation. Each ice crystal grows by cooling so that they become large in size and fall to the ground. They melt on the way due to friction with the atmosphere and fall as rain.
258. Which of the following are forms of precipitation
1. Rainfall
2. Snow
3. Sleet
4. Dew
5. Hail
A) 1, 2, 3, 4
B) 2, 3, 5
C) 1, 3, 4, 5
D) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Explanation
The precipitation has various forms based on the condition of occurrence. They are rainfall, sleet, snow, hail, dew.
259. Find out the correct statement
1. When water droplets of more than 0.5 cm diameter falls from the atmosphere to the ground it is called as ‘Rainfall’.
2. If the diameter is less than 0.5cm, it is called as ‘Drizzle’.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
When water droplets of more than 0.5 mm diameter falls from the atmosphere to the ground it is called as ‘Rainfall’. If the diameter is less than 0.5mm, it is called as ‘Drizzle’.
260. Consider the following statements, find the correct answer
1. When precipitation occurs at subzero temperature, the water droplets crystallize
2. It fall as ice pellets with the size of 5 to 50 mm or some times more
A) Hail
B) Sleet
C) Snow
D) Dew
Explanation
When precipitation occurs at subzero temperature, the water droplets crystallize and fall as ice pellets with the size of 5 to 50 mm or some times more. This is called as ‘Hail’.
261. Which of the following is called as sleet
A) Falling of raindrop along with ice pellets less than 0.5 mm diameter
B) Falling of raindrop along with ice pellets less than 15 mm diameter
C) Falling of raindrop along with ice pellets less than 5 cm diameter
D) Falling of raindrop along with ice pellets less than 5 mm diameter
Explanation
Precipitation occurs as falling of raindrop along with ice pellets less than 5 mm diameter or snow, called as ‘Sleet’.
262. Find out the incorrect statement
1. Precipitation occurs at below freezing point and falls as thin ice flakes called as dew.
2. Condensation of water droplets on the objects at the surface of the earth such as leaves and grasses are called as snow.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Precipitation occurs at below freezing point and falls as thin ice flakes or powdery ice, called as ‘Snow’. Condensation of water droplets on the objects at the surface of the earth such as leaves and grasses are called as ‘Dew’.
263. Precipitation can be classified based on the causes for the rising up of air as how many types?
A) 4
B) 3
C) 6
D) 7
Explanation
Precipitation can be classified based on the causes for the rising up of air, 1. Convectional rainfall 2. Orographic rainfall, 3. Cyclonic rainfall
264. Find out the correct statement about convectional rainfall
1. As a result of heating of the surface air, the warm moist air expands and is forced to rise to a great height.
2. As the air rises, it cools, reaches freezing point and condenses to form clouds.
3. This process influences the upper tropospheric circulation.
A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) 1, 3
D) 1, 2, 3
Explanation
As a result of heating of the surface air, the warm moist air expands and is forced to rise to a great height. As the air rises, it cools, reaches dew point and condenses to form clouds. This process influences the upper tropospheric circulation. By further cooling, precipitation takes place as rainfall.
265. Which rain is called as 4 ‘O’ Clock rainfall?
A) Convectional rainfall
B) Orographic rainfall
C) Cyclonic rainfall
D) None of the above
Explanation
This rainfall occurs throughout the year near the equator in the afternoon. It is called as 4 ‘O’ clock rainfall region. In middle latitudes, convectional rainfall occurs in early summer in the continental interiors
266. Consider the following statement, find out the correct answer
1. It occurs when large mass of air is forced to rise across land barriers
2. It also called as relief rainfall
A) Convectional rainfall
B) Orographic rainfall
C) Cyclonic rainfall
E) None of the above
Explanation
It occurs when large mass of air is forced to rise across land barriers, such as high mountain ranges, plateaus, escarpments, or over high hills
267. Consider the following statements:
Assertion (A): The leeward side of the mountain is called as the rain shadow region
Reason (R): As the wind moves to the leeward side it has emptied itself of moisture and thus descends the slope as warm dry winds
Codes:
A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C) (A) is true but (R) is false
D) (A) is false but (R) is true
Explanation
Orographic rainfall occurs when large mass of air is forced to rise across land barriers, such as high mountain ranges, plateaus, escarpments, or over high hills. On the windward side of the region the warm moist air raises, temperature of the air falls below its dew point, forming clouds which give subsequent rainfall. As the wind moves to the leeward side it has emptied itself of moisture and thus descends the slope as warm dry winds. The leeward side of the mountain therefore is called as the rain shadow region
268. Consider the following statements, find out the correct answer
1. This type of precipitation is associated with a cyclonic activity
2. It is associated with Cumulonimbus clouds
A) Convectional rainfall
B) Frontal rainfall
C) Orographic rainfall
D) None of the above
Explanation
This type of precipitation is associated with a cyclonic activity (Tropical and Temperate) and also occurs along the frontal zone. Cyclonic rainfall is associated with Cumulonimbus (Cu Ni) clouds. The rainfall is very heavy and accompanied with lightning and thunder and high speed winds which has the potential to cause damage.
269. Find out the incorrect statement
1. ‘Frontal rainfall’ is associated with fronts which form due to collision of different air masses.
2. Warm front is formed due to advent of warm air masses which leads to moderate rainfall
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
‘Frontal rainfall’ is associated with fronts which form due to collision of different air masses. Warm front is formed due to advent of warm air masses which leads to moderate rainfall. In the same way cold front is formed due to advent of cold air mass which leads to heavy rainfall with lightning and thunder.
270. Find out the correct statement
1. When altitude increases, the rainfall also increases in orographic pattern.
2. In orographic pattern where the rainfall decreases with altitude is called ‘Falling of Rainfall’.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
When altitude increases, the rainfall also increases in orographic pattern. This condition where the rainfall decreases with altitude is called ‘Inversion of Rainfall’.
271. Which is called as ‘Maximum Rainfall Line’
1. The rainfall increases with altitude, once the amount of moisture reduces in the air after a point where it reaches maximum rainfall
2. The rainfall decreases with altitude, once the amount of moisture reduces in the air after a point where it reaches maximum rainfall
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
When altitude increases, the rainfall also increases in orographic pattern. But the rainfall decreases with altitude, once the amount of moisture reduces in the air after a point where it reaches maximum rainfall which is called as ‘Maximum Rainfall Line’. This condition where the rainfall decreases with altitude is called ‘Inversion of Rainfall’.
272. Find out the correct statement
1. An isohyets or isohyetal line is a line joining points of equal rainfall on a map in a given period.
2. A map with isohyets is called an isohyetal map.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
273. Cloud bursts occurs in the region of
1. Uttarkhand
2. Delhi
3. Chennai
4. Kerala
A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) 3, 1
D) 4, 1
Explanation
A ‘cloud burst’ is a sudden aggressive rainstorm falling in a short period of time limited to a small geographical area. For example cloud bursts in the region of Uttarkhand (2013) and Chennai (2015).
275. Find out the incorrect statement
1. Meteorologists say that the rain from a cloud burst is usually of the heavier rain with a fall rate equal to or greater than 500 mm per hour.
2. Generally cloudbursts are associated with thunderstorms.
3. The air currents rushing down words in a rain storm hold up a large amount of water
A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) 3, 1
D) None of the above
Explanation
Meteorologists say that the rain from a cloud burst is usually of the heavier rain with a fall rate equal to or greater than 100 mm (3.94 inches) per hour. Generally cloudbursts are associated with thunderstorms. The air currents rushing up words in a rain storm hold up a large amount of water.
276. Find out the correct statement
A) Lightning and Thunder are caused by differences in the electrical charge of different parts of the cloud.
B) The top of the cloud becomes negatively charged and the bottom is mostly positively charged.
C) When the difference in the electrical charge is less lightning occurs
D) B and C
Explanation
Lightning and Thunder are caused by differences in the electrical charge of different parts of the cloud. The top of the cloud becomes positively charged and the bottom is mostly negatively charged. When the difference is great lightning occurs
277. Find out the incorrect statement
1. Differences in the charge between cloud and the earth surface cause lightning.
2. Thunder is caused by rapid contraction of the air that is heated as the lightning passes through it.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Thunder is caused by rapid expansion of the air that is heated as the lightning passes through it.
278. Find out the correct statement
1. The atmospheric disturbances which involve a closed circulation of air around a low pressure at center and high pressure at periphery
2. It rotates anticlockwise in southern hemisphere and clockwise in northern hemisphere is called ‘Cyclones’
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
The atmospheric disturbances which involve a closed circulation of air around a low pressure at center and high pressure at periphery, rotating anticlockwise in northern hemisphere and clockwise in southern hemisphere is called ‘Cyclones’
279. Which of the followings are types of cyclone
1. Temperate cyclone
2. Polar cyclone
3. Tropical cyclone
A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) 3, 1
D) 1, 2, 3
Explanation
Cyclones may be classified into two types based on latitude of its origin. They are Tropical cyclone, temperate cyclone.
280. Tropical cyclones are formed in?
A) High latitudes
B) High longitudes
C) Low latitudes
D) Low longitudes
Explanation
Cyclone formed in the low latitudes is called as Tropical cyclone. They form over warm ocean waters in the tropical regions. The warm air rises, and causes an area of low air pressure.
281. Arrange the following based on stages of development of tropical cyclone
1. Tropical Disturbance
2. Tropical Depression
3. Tropical cyclone
4. Severe Cyclonic Storm
5. Very Severe cyclonic storm
6. Super Cyclonic Storm
A) 1, 3, 4, 2, 5, 6
B) 2, 1, 3, 4, 6, 5
C) 2, 1, 4, 3, 5, 6
D) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Explanation
As per the criteria adopted by the World Meteorological Organization (W.M.O.), India Meteorological Department classifies the low pressure systems in to vary classes based on wind speed. They are, Tropical Disturbance, Tropical Depression, Tropical cyclone, Severe Cyclonic Storm, Very Severe cyclonic storm, Super Cyclonic Storm
282. Match the following
a) Tropical depressions – 1. Wind speed between 62 and 88 km ph.
b) Tropical cyclone – 2. Wind speed from 89 to 118 km ph.
c) Severe Cyclonic Storm – 3. Wind speed is between 31 to 61 km ph.
d) Super Cyclonic Storm – 4. When wind exceeds 221 km ph.
a b c d
A] 1 2 3 4
B] 3 1 2 4
C] 1 2 3 4
D] 2 3 1 4
Explanation
Tropical depressions Low winds with a speed between 31 and 61 km ph. Tropical cyclone wind speed from 62 to 88 km ph and it is assigned a name. Severe Cyclonic Storm (SCS) wind speed is between 89 to 118 km ph. Very SCS wind speed between 119 to 221 km ph and Super Cyclonic Storm when wind exceeds 221 km ph.
283. Tropical cyclones are formed if tropical oceans with sea surface temperature is?
A) 27 degree C
B) 17 degree C
C) 37 degree C
D) 47 degree C
Explanation
Tropical cyclones have certain mechanism for their formation. These are, a source of warm, moist air derived from tropical oceans with sea surface temperature normally near to or in excess of 27 °C Wind near the ocean surface is blowing from different directions converging and causing air to rise and storm clouds to form
284. What is called as low wind shear
A) Winds which do not vary greatly with breadth
B) Winds which do not vary greatly with width
C) Winds which do not vary greatly with length
D) Winds which do not vary greatly with height
Explanation
Winds which do not vary greatly with height are known as low wind shear. This allows the storm clouds to rise vertically to high level
285. Find out the correct statement
1. Coriolis force is induced by the revolution of the Earth.
2. The mechanisms of formation of cyclones does not vary across the world,
3. Once a cluster of storm clouds starts to rotate, it becomes a tropical disturbance.
A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) All the above
D) None of the above
Explanation
Coriolis force is induced by the rotation of the Earth. The mechanisms of formation vary across the world, but once a cluster of storm clouds starts to rotate, it becomes a tropical depression. If it continues to develop it becomes a tropical storm, and later a cyclone/ super cyclone.
286. Find out the correct statement
A) The center of the cyclone where the wind system converges and horizontally rises is called as Eye.
B) The eye is a Calm region with no rainfall
C) The eye experiences lowest temperature and highest pressure within the cyclonic system
D) A and C
Explanation
The center of the cyclone where the wind system converges and vertically rises is called as Eye. The eye is a Calm region with no rainfall and experiences highest temperature and lowest pressure within the cyclonic system
287. Cyclone wall is made up of ______ clouds?
A) Nimbus
B) Stratus
C) Cumulonimbus
D) None of the above
Explanation
Cyclone wall is made up of Cumulonimbus clouds with no visibility, higher wind velocity and heavy rain fall with lightning and thunder.
288. Find out the correct statement
1. Tropical cyclones mostly move along with the direction of easterly wind system.
2. They travel from west to east and make land fall on the eastern coast of the continents
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Tropical cyclones mostly move along with the direction of trade wind system. So they travel from east to west and make land fall on the eastern coast of the continents
289. Find out the incorrect statement
1. Cyclone wall is made up of Cumulonimbus clouds with no visibility
2. The condition at which the eye of the tropical cyclone crosses the land is called ‘Land fill’ of the cyclone
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
The condition at which the eye of the tropical cyclone crosses the land is called ‘Land fall’ of the cyclone
290. Since 1953, ____storms have been named from lists originated by the National Hurricane Centre?
A) Atlantic temperate
B) Arctic temperate
C) Atlantic tropical
D) Arctic tropical
Explanation
In the pursuit of a more organized and efficient naming system, meteorologists later decided to identify storms using names from a list arranged alphabetically. Since 1953, Atlantic tropical storms have been named from lists originated by the National Hurricane Centre. They are now maintained and updated by an international committee of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO).
291. Find out the incorrect statement
1. Large scale destruction caused by Odisha cyclone in 1991, triggered the issue of naming tropical cyclones developed in the North Indian Ocean.
2. As a result, naming conventions for storms that develop in the Indian Ocean began in 2004.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Large scale destruction caused by Odisha cyclone in 1999, triggered the issue of naming tropical cyclones developed in the North Indian Ocean. As a result, naming conventions for storms that develop in the Indian Ocean began in 2004. WMO (World Meteorological Organization) had informed each of the eight South Asian member countries to submit a list of their own eight names for the cyclones.
292. Consider the following statements, find the correct answer
1. It is a very small intense, funnel shaped very speed whirl wind system.
2. Its speed and direction of the movement are erratic
A) Water spout
B) Tornado
C) Cyclone
D) Anticyclone
Explanation
It is a very small intense, funnel shaped very speed whirl wind system. Its speed and direction of the movement are erratic. The winds are always as fast as 500 km ph. The fast moving air converges in the middle and rises up. The uplift is capable of rising dust, trees and other weaker objects in its path.
293. Tornados are frequent in which country
A) UK
B) USA
C) UAE
D) None of the above
Explanation
South and western part of Gulf States of USA experiences frequent tornados
294. Find out the incorrect statement
1. Water spouts are formed over water body similar to tornados in the formation and structure.
2. This sometimes leads to fish rain, if the volume of fish comes under the water spout
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Water spouts are formed over water body similar to tornados in the formation and structure. This sometimes leads to fish rain, if the mass of fish comes under the water spout
295. Temperate cyclones are otherwise called as
1. Wavy cyclone
2. Relative cyclone
3. Static cyclone
4. Dynamic cyclone
A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) 3, 4
D) 4, 1
Explanation
The cyclone formed in the mid latitudes is called as temperate cyclone. As they are formed due to movement of air masses and front, they are called as ‘Dynamic cyclone’ and ‘Wave cyclone’. This cyclone is characterized by the four different sectors, which are varied with their weather patterns.
296. Arrange the stages in the Formation of Temperate Cyclone
1. Frontogenesis
2. Advancing Stage
3. Cyclone genesis
4. Frontalysis
5. Occlusion stage
A) 1, 3, 2, 5, 4
B) 2, 3, 1, 4, 5
C) 5, 4, 3, 2, 1
D) 2, 1, 3, 4, 5
297. Which of the following is correctly matched
1. Frontogenesis –Formation of front due to collision of two contrasting air masses
2. Cyclone genesis – Formation of cyclone due to conversion of fronts into various sectors.
3. Advancing Stage – The stage where cold front advances towards warm front
A) 2, 3
B) 1 only
C) 1, 2
D) 1, 2, 3
Explanation
Occlusion stage – The stage where the cold front over takes warm front. Frontalysis – The last stage where fronts disappear and cyclone ends its life.
298. Find out the incorrect statement
1. Unlike tropical cyclone, temperate cyclone forms over both land and water in all seasons.
2. It covers lesser area than tropical cyclone and stays for a longer period.
3. Temperate cyclone moves along with the easterly wind system from west to east.
A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) All the above
D) None of the above
Explanation
Unlike tropical cyclone, temperate cyclone forms over both land and water in all seasons. It covers larger area than tropical cyclone and stays for a longer period. Temperate cyclone moves along with the westerly wind system from west to east.
299. Find out the correct statement
1. Anticyclone is a whirlwind system in which high pressure area at the center and surrounded by low pressure at periphery
2. It rotates clockwise in southern hemisphere and anti-clock wise in northern hemisphere
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Anticyclone is a whirlwind system in which high pressure area at the center and surrounded by low pressure at periphery rotating clockwise in northern hemisphere and anti-clock wise in southern hemisphere
300. Find out the correct statement
1. Anticyclone is the largest among the whirl wind systems.
2. Normally, they are associated with high pressure belts of subtropical and polar region.
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 & 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Anticyclones are classified as warm core and cold core, based on their temperature, which are resulted in aridity and cold waves respectively.