Evolution 12th Science Online Test
Evolution 12th Science Online Test
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Question 1 of 99
1. Question
The present state of mankind on earth is the outcome of_____ evolutions
1) Chemical
2) Organic
3) CulturalCorrect
The term evolution is used to describe heritable changes in one or more characteristics of a population of species from one generation to the other. The present state of mankind on earth is the outcome of three kinds of evolution – chemical, organic and social or cultural evolution.
Incorrect
The term evolution is used to describe heritable changes in one or more characteristics of a population of species from one generation to the other. The present state of mankind on earth is the outcome of three kinds of evolution – chemical, organic and social or cultural evolution.
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Question 2 of 99
2. Question
What is the age of Earth according to Radiometric dating of meteorites?
Correct
Radiometric dating of meteorites yields an estimated age for the solar system and for earth as around 4.5 – 4.6 billion years.
Incorrect
Radiometric dating of meteorites yields an estimated age for the solar system and for earth as around 4.5 – 4.6 billion years.
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Question 3 of 99
3. Question
Which of the following statement is correct?
1) The new born earth remained inhospitable for at least few hundred million years
2) Water vapour released from the planet’s interior cooled and condensed to form oceansCorrect
The new born earth remained inhospitable for at least few hundred million years. At first it was too hot. This is because the collisions of the planetesimals that coalesced to form earth released much heat to melt the entire planet. Eventually outer surface of the earth cooled and solidified to form a crust. Water vapour released from the planet’s interior cooled and condensed to form oceans. Hence origin of life can be reconstructed using indirect evidences.
Incorrect
The new born earth remained inhospitable for at least few hundred million years. At first it was too hot. This is because the collisions of the planetesimals that coalesced to form earth released much heat to melt the entire planet. Eventually outer surface of the earth cooled and solidified to form a crust. Water vapour released from the planet’s interior cooled and condensed to form oceans. Hence origin of life can be reconstructed using indirect evidences.
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Question 4 of 99
4. Question
______ states that life was created by a supernatural power, respectfully referred to as “God”
Correct
Theory of special creation states that life was created by a supernatural power, respectfully referred to as “God”. According to Hinduism, Lord Brahma created the Earth. Christianity, Islam and most religions believe that God created the universe, the plants and the animals.
Incorrect
Theory of special creation states that life was created by a supernatural power, respectfully referred to as “God”. According to Hinduism, Lord Brahma created the Earth. Christianity, Islam and most religions believe that God created the universe, the plants and the animals.
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Question 5 of 99
5. Question
________ coined the term abiogenesis
Correct
According to the theory of spontaneous generation or Abiogenesis, living organisms originated from non-living materials and occurred through stepwise chemical and molecular evolution over millions of years. Thomas Huxley coined the term abiogenesis.
Incorrect
According to the theory of spontaneous generation or Abiogenesis, living organisms originated from non-living materials and occurred through stepwise chemical and molecular evolution over millions of years. Thomas Huxley coined the term abiogenesis.
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Question 6 of 99
6. Question
._____explains the origin of universe as a singular huge explosion in physical terms.
Correct
Big bang theory explains the origin of universe as a singular huge explosion in physical terms. The primitive earth had no proper atmosphere, but consisted of ammonia, methane, hydrogen and water vapour.
Incorrect
Big bang theory explains the origin of universe as a singular huge explosion in physical terms. The primitive earth had no proper atmosphere, but consisted of ammonia, methane, hydrogen and water vapour.
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Question 7 of 99
7. Question
UV rays from the sun split up water molecules into___ and__
Correct
The temperature of the earth was extremely high. UV rays from the sun split up water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen. Gradually the temperature cooled and the water vapour condensed to form rain.
Incorrect
The temperature of the earth was extremely high. UV rays from the sun split up water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen. Gradually the temperature cooled and the water vapour condensed to form rain.
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Question 8 of 99
8. Question
Ammonia and methane in the atmosphere combined with____ to form carbon-dioxide
Correct
Rain water filled all the depressions to form water bodies. Ammonia and methane in the atmosphere combined with oxygen to form carbon-dioxide and other gases.
Incorrect
Rain water filled all the depressions to form water bodies. Ammonia and methane in the atmosphere combined with oxygen to form carbon-dioxide and other gases.
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Question 9 of 99
9. Question
According to the____ life arose from pre-existing life
Correct
According to the theory of biogenesis life arose from pre-existing life. The term biogenesis also refers to the biochemical process of production of living organisms This term was coined by Henry Bastian.
Incorrect
According to the theory of biogenesis life arose from pre-existing life. The term biogenesis also refers to the biochemical process of production of living organisms This term was coined by Henry Bastian.
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Question 10 of 99
10. Question
________ suggested that the organic compounds could have undergone a series of reactions
leading to more complex moleculesCorrect
Oparin (1924) suggested that the organic compounds could have undergone a series of reactions leading to more complex molecules. He proposed that the molecules formed colloidal aggregates or ‘coacervates’ in an aqueous environment.
Incorrect
Oparin (1924) suggested that the organic compounds could have undergone a series of reactions leading to more complex molecules. He proposed that the molecules formed colloidal aggregates or ‘coacervates’ in an aqueous environment.
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Question 11 of 99
11. Question
____ proposed that the primordial sea served as a vast chemical laboratory powered by solar
energyCorrect
Haldane (1929) proposed that the primordial sea served as a vast chemical laboratory powered by solar energy. The atmosphere was oxygen free and the combination of CO2, NH3 and UV radiations gave rise to organic compounds.
Incorrect
Haldane (1929) proposed that the primordial sea served as a vast chemical laboratory powered by solar energy. The atmosphere was oxygen free and the combination of CO2, NH3 and UV radiations gave rise to organic compounds.
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Question 12 of 99
12. Question
Which of the following statement is correct?
1) The duration of the earth’s history has been divided into eras that include the Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic
2) Recent eras are further divided into periods, which are split into epochs.Correct
The duration of the earth’s history has been divided into eras that include the Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic. Recent eras are further divided into periods, which are split into epochs. The geological time scale with the duration of the eras and periods with the dominant forms of life
Incorrect
The duration of the earth’s history has been divided into eras that include the Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic. Recent eras are further divided into periods, which are split into epochs. The geological time scale with the duration of the eras and periods with the dominant forms of life
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Question 13 of 99
13. Question
Match the following
I. Permian 1. Earliest Amphibian
II. Mississippian 2. Origin of fishes
III. Silurian 3. Age of fishes
IV. Devonian 4. Mammal like reptilesCorrect
The six periods of Paleozoic era in order from oldest to the youngest are Cambrian (Age of invertebrates), Ordovician (fresh water fishes, Ostracoderms, various types of Molluscs), Silurian (origin of fishes), Devonian (Age of fishes, many types of fishes such as lung fishes, lobe finned fishes and ray finned fishes), Mississippian (earliest amphibians, Echinoderms), Pennsylvanian (earliest reptiles), Permian (mammal like reptiles)
Incorrect
The six periods of Paleozoic era in order from oldest to the youngest are Cambrian (Age of invertebrates), Ordovician (fresh water fishes, Ostracoderms, various types of Molluscs), Silurian (origin of fishes), Devonian (Age of fishes, many types of fishes such as lung fishes, lobe finned fishes and ray finned fishes), Mississippian (earliest amphibians, Echinoderms), Pennsylvanian (earliest reptiles), Permian (mammal like reptiles)
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Question 14 of 99
14. Question
____ era called the Golden age of reptiles
Correct
Mesozoic era (dominance of reptiles) called the Golden age of reptiles, is divided into three periods namely, Triassic (origin of egg laying mammals), Jurassic (Dinosaurs were dominant on the earth, fossil bird – Archaeopteryx) and Cretaceous (extinction of toothed birds and dinosaurs, emergence of modern birds).
Incorrect
Mesozoic era (dominance of reptiles) called the Golden age of reptiles, is divided into three periods namely, Triassic (origin of egg laying mammals), Jurassic (Dinosaurs were dominant on the earth, fossil bird – Archaeopteryx) and Cretaceous (extinction of toothed birds and dinosaurs, emergence of modern birds).
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Question 15 of 99
15. Question
Cenozoic era (Age of mammals) is subdivided into___ periods
Correct
Cenozoic era (Age of mammals) is subdivided into two periods namely Tertiary and Quaternary. Tertiary period is characterized by abundant mammalian fauna.
Incorrect
Cenozoic era (Age of mammals) is subdivided into two periods namely Tertiary and Quaternary. Tertiary period is characterized by abundant mammalian fauna.
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Question 16 of 99
16. Question
Match the following
I. Paleocene 1. origin of man from man like apes
II. Oligocene 2. placental mammals
III. Miocene 3. higher placental mammals
IV. Pliocene 4. origin of first man like apesCorrect
Tertiary period is characterized by abundant mammalian fauna. This period is subdivided into five epochs namely, Paleocene (placental mammals, Eocene (Monotremes except duck billed Platypus and Echidna, hoofed mammals and carnivores), Oligocene (higher placental mammals appeared), Miocene (origin of first man like apes) and Pliocene (origin of man from man like apes).
Incorrect
Tertiary period is characterized by abundant mammalian fauna. This period is subdivided into five epochs namely, Paleocene (placental mammals, Eocene (Monotremes except duck billed Platypus and Echidna, hoofed mammals and carnivores), Oligocene (higher placental mammals appeared), Miocene (origin of first man like apes) and Pliocene (origin of man from man like apes).
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Question 17 of 99
17. Question
Which of the following statement is correct?
1) The age of fossils can be determined using two methods namely, relative dating and absolute dating
2) Relative dating is used to determine a fossil by comparing it to similar rocks and fossils of known age
3) Absolute dating is used to determine the precise age of a fossil by using radiometric dating to measure the decay of isotopesCorrect
The age of fossils can be determined using two methods namely, relative dating and absolute dating. Relative dating is used to determine a fossil by comparing it to similar rocks and fossils of known age. Absolute dating is used to determine the precise age of a fossil by using radiometric dating to measure the decay of isotopes.
Incorrect
The age of fossils can be determined using two methods namely, relative dating and absolute dating. Relative dating is used to determine a fossil by comparing it to similar rocks and fossils of known age. Absolute dating is used to determine the precise age of a fossil by using radiometric dating to measure the decay of isotopes.
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Question 18 of 99
18. Question
_ are lipids in a solution that can self-assemble into a lipid bilayer
Correct
Liposomes are lipids in a solution that can self-assemble into a lipid bilayer. Some of the proteins inside the liposomes acquired the properties of enzymes resulting in fast multiplication of molecules.
Incorrect
Liposomes are lipids in a solution that can self-assemble into a lipid bilayer. Some of the proteins inside the liposomes acquired the properties of enzymes resulting in fast multiplication of molecules.
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Question 19 of 99
19. Question
Which of the following statement is correct?
1) Abiotically produced molecules can spontaneously self – assemble into droplets enclosing a watery solution
2) Scientists call these spheres as ‘protobionts’Correct
Abiotically produced molecules can spontaneously self-assemble into droplets that enclose a watery solution and maintain a chemical environment different from their surroundings. Scientists call these spheres as ‘protobionts’
Incorrect
Abiotically produced molecules can spontaneously self-assemble into droplets that enclose a watery solution and maintain a chemical environment different from their surroundings. Scientists call these spheres as ‘protobionts’
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Question 20 of 99
20. Question
Which of the following statement is correct?
1) The atmospheric oxygen combined with methane and ammonia to form CO2 and free nitrogen
2) The presence of the free O2 brought about the evolution of anaerobic respiration which could yield large amounts of energy by oxidation of food stuffsCorrect
The atmospheric oxygen combined with methane and ammonia to form CO2 and free nitrogen. The presence of the free O2 brought about the evolution of aerobic respiration which could yield large amounts of energy by oxidation of food stuffs. Thus, Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes evolved.
Incorrect
The atmospheric oxygen combined with methane and ammonia to form CO2 and free nitrogen. The presence of the free O2 brought about the evolution of aerobic respiration which could yield large amounts of energy by oxidation of food stuffs. Thus, Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes evolved.
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Question 21 of 99
21. Question
____ are considered as ancestral to the modern bacteria and blue green algae
Correct
Two major cell types that appeared during this time were significant. One form of the earliest cell contained clumps of nucleoproteins embedded in the cell substance. Such cells were similar to the Monera. They are considered as ancestral to the modern bacteria and blue green algae.
Incorrect
Two major cell types that appeared during this time were significant. One form of the earliest cell contained clumps of nucleoproteins embedded in the cell substance. Such cells were similar to the Monera. They are considered as ancestral to the modern bacteria and blue green algae.
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Question 22 of 99
22. Question
Which of the following statement is correct?
1) When the natural sources of food in the ocean declined in course of time the ancestors of Monera and Protista had to evolve different methods for food procurement
2) These may be summarized as parasitism, saprophytism predator or animalism and chemosynthesis or photosynthesisCorrect
When the natural sources of food in the ocean declined in course of time the ancestors of Monera and Protista had to evolve different methods for food procurement. These may be summarized as parasitism, saprophytism, predator or animalism and chemosynthesis or photosynthesis. When the number of photosynthetic organisms increased there was an increase in the free O2 in the sea and atmosphere.
Incorrect
When the natural sources of food in the ocean declined in course of time the ancestors of Monera and Protista had to evolve different methods for food procurement. These may be summarized as parasitism, saprophytism, predator or animalism and chemosynthesis or photosynthesis. When the number of photosynthetic organisms increased there was an increase in the free O2 in the sea and atmosphere.
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Question 23 of 99
23. Question
Who paved way for understanding the possible synthesis of organic compounds?
Correct
Urey and Miller (1953), paved way for understanding the possible synthesis of organic compounds that led to the appearance of living organisms.
Incorrect
Urey and Miller (1953), paved way for understanding the possible synthesis of organic compounds that led to the appearance of living organisms.
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Question 24 of 99
24. Question
_______ is the study of prehistoric life through fossils
Correct
Paleontology is the study of prehistoric life through fossils. Fossils are described as the true witnesses of evolution or documents
Incorrect
Paleontology is the study of prehistoric life through fossils. Fossils are described as the true witnesses of evolution or documents
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Question 25 of 99
25. Question
Which of the following statement is correct?
1) The original hard parts such as bones, teeth or shells are preserved as such in the earth’s atmosphere.
2) When marine animals die, their hard parts such as bones, shells, etc., are covered with sediments and are protected from further deterioration.
3) They get preserved as such as they are preserved in vast ocean; the salinity in them prevents decayCorrect
The original hard parts such as bones, teeth or shells are preserved as such in the earth’s atmosphere. This is the most common method of fossilization. When marine animals die, their hard parts such as bones, shells, etc., are covered with sediments and are protected from further deterioration. They get preserved as such as they are preserved in vast ocean; the salinity in them prevents decay. The sediments become hardened to form definite layers or strata. For example, Woolly Mammoth that lived 22 thousand years ago were preserved in the frozen coast of Siberia as such.
Incorrect
The original hard parts such as bones, teeth or shells are preserved as such in the earth’s atmosphere. This is the most common method of fossilization. When marine animals die, their hard parts such as bones, shells, etc., are covered with sediments and are protected from further deterioration. They get preserved as such as they are preserved in vast ocean; the salinity in them prevents decay. The sediments become hardened to form definite layers or strata. For example, Woolly Mammoth that lived 22 thousand years ago were preserved in the frozen coast of Siberia as such.
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Question 26 of 99
26. Question
Which of the following minerals are involved in petrifaction type?
1) Iron pyrite
2) Calcium carbonate
3) Bicarbonate of sodiumCorrect
The principle minerals involved in this petrifaction fossilization are iron pyrites, silica, calcium carbonate and bicarbonates of calcium and magnesium
Incorrect
The principle minerals involved in this petrifaction fossilization are iron pyrites, silica, calcium carbonate and bicarbonates of calcium and magnesium
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Question 27 of 99
27. Question
Which of the following statement is correct?
1) When animals die the original portion of their body may be replaced molecule for molecule by minerals and the original substance being lost through disintegration
2) This method of fossilization is called petrifactionCorrect
When animals die the original portion of their body may be replaced molecule for molecule by minerals and the original substance being lost through disintegration. This method of fossilization is called petrifaction
Incorrect
When animals die the original portion of their body may be replaced molecule for molecule by minerals and the original substance being lost through disintegration. This method of fossilization is called petrifaction
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Question 28 of 99
28. Question
Which of the following statement is correct?
1) Even after disintegration, the body of an animal might leave indelible impression on the soft mud which get hardened
2) Such impressions are called moulds
3) The cavities of the moulds may get filled up by hard minerals and get fossilized, which are called castsCorrect
Even after disintegration, the body of an animal might leave indelible impression on the soft mud which later becomes hardened into stones. Such impressions are called moulds. The cavities of the moulds may get filled up by hard minerals and get fossilized, which are called casts. Hardened faecal matter termed as coprolites occur as tiny pellets. Analysis of the coprolites enables us to understand the nature of diet the pre-historic animals thrived on.
Incorrect
Even after disintegration, the body of an animal might leave indelible impression on the soft mud which later becomes hardened into stones. Such impressions are called moulds. The cavities of the moulds may get filled up by hard minerals and get fossilized, which are called casts. Hardened faecal matter termed as coprolites occur as tiny pellets. Analysis of the coprolites enables us to understand the nature of diet the pre-historic animals thrived on.
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Question 29 of 99
29. Question
Which of the following statement is incorrect?
1) Similarities in structure between groups of organisms are accepted as indicators of relationship.
2) They can be studied under homologous organs, analogous organs, vestigial organs, connecting links and atavistic organsCorrect
Similarities in structure between groups of organisms are accepted as indicators of relationship. For example, a comparative study of the forelimbs of different vertebrates exhibits a fundamental plan of similarity in structure. These relationships can be studied under homologous organs, analogous organs, vestigial organs, connecting links and atavistic organs.
Incorrect
Similarities in structure between groups of organisms are accepted as indicators of relationship. For example, a comparative study of the forelimbs of different vertebrates exhibits a fundamental plan of similarity in structure. These relationships can be studied under homologous organs, analogous organs, vestigial organs, connecting links and atavistic organs.
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Question 30 of 99
30. Question
Which of the following are similar bones in forelimbs of different animals that show similarity?
1) Femoral
2) Carpals
3) Humerus
4) UlnaCorrect
In vertebrates, comparative anatomical studies reveal a basic plan in various structures such as fore limbs and hind limbs. Fore limbs of vertebrates exhibit anatomical similarity with each other and is made of similar bones such as humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals and phalanges.
Incorrect
In vertebrates, comparative anatomical studies reveal a basic plan in various structures such as fore limbs and hind limbs. Fore limbs of vertebrates exhibit anatomical similarity with each other and is made of similar bones such as humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals and phalanges.
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Question 31 of 99
31. Question
Fossilization is the process by which plant and animal remains are preserved in_____
Correct
Fossilization is the process by which plant and animal remains are preserved in sedimentary rocks. They fall under three main categories.
Incorrect
Fossilization is the process by which plant and animal remains are preserved in sedimentary rocks. They fall under three main categories.
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Question 32 of 99
32. Question
Structures which are similar in origin but perform different functions are called____
Correct
Structures which are similar in origin but perform different functions are called homologous structures that brings about divergent evolution
Incorrect
Structures which are similar in origin but perform different functions are called homologous structures that brings about divergent evolution
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Question 33 of 99
33. Question
Which of the following statement is correct?
1) Thorn of Bougainvillea and the tendrils of Curcurbita and Pisum sativum represent homology
2) The thorn in former is used as a defence mechanism from grazing animals and the tendrils of latter is used as a support for climbingCorrect
Similarly, the thorn of Bougainvillea and the tendrils of Curcurbita and Pisum sativum represent homology. The thorn in former is used as a defence mechanism from grazing animals and the tendrils of latter is used as a support for climbing.
Incorrect
Similarly, the thorn of Bougainvillea and the tendrils of Curcurbita and Pisum sativum represent homology. The thorn in former is used as a defence mechanism from grazing animals and the tendrils of latter is used as a support for climbing.
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Question 34 of 99
34. Question
Organs having different structural patterns but similar function are termed as___
Correct
Organs having different structural patterns but similar function are termed as analogous structures. For example, the wings of birds and insects are different structurally but perform the same function of flight that brings about convergent evolution.
Incorrect
Organs having different structural patterns but similar function are termed as analogous structures. For example, the wings of birds and insects are different structurally but perform the same function of flight that brings about convergent evolution.
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Question 35 of 99
35. Question
Which of the following are the examples of convergent evolution?
1) Eyes of human
2) Eyes of octopus
3) Flippers of penguinCorrect
Other examples of analogous organs (convergent evolution) include the eyes of the Octopus and of mammals and the flippers of Penguins and Dolphins.
Incorrect
Other examples of analogous organs (convergent evolution) include the eyes of the Octopus and of mammals and the flippers of Penguins and Dolphins.
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Question 36 of 99
36. Question
Which of the following is not analogous evolution?
1) Root modification in sweet potato
2) Stem modification in potatoCorrect
Root modification in sweet potato and stem modification in potato are considered as analogous organs. Both of these plants have a common function of storage of food.
Incorrect
Root modification in sweet potato and stem modification in potato are considered as analogous organs. Both of these plants have a common function of storage of food.
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Question 37 of 99
37. Question
Structures that are of no use to the possessor, and are not necessary for their existence are called__
Correct
Structures that are of no use to the possessor, and are not necessary for their existence are called vestigial organs.
Incorrect
Structures that are of no use to the possessor, and are not necessary for their existence are called vestigial organs.
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Question 38 of 99
38. Question
Which of the following statement is incorrect?
1) Vestigial organs may be considered as remnants of structures which were well developed and functional in the ancestors
2) These organs disappeared in course of evolution due to their over utilizationCorrect
Vestigial organs may be considered as remnants of structures which were well developed and functional in the ancestors, but disappeared in course of evolution due to their non-utilization.
Incorrect
Vestigial organs may be considered as remnants of structures which were well developed and functional in the ancestors, but disappeared in course of evolution due to their non-utilization.
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Question 39 of 99
39. Question
Human appendix is the remnant of____ which is functional in the digestive tract of herbivorous
animalsCorrect
Human appendix is the remnant of caecum which is functional in the digestive tract of herbivorous animals like rabbit.
Incorrect
Human appendix is the remnant of caecum which is functional in the digestive tract of herbivorous animals like rabbit.
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Question 40 of 99
40. Question
_____ digestion takes place in the caecum of these animals
Correct
Cellulose digestion takes place in the caecum of these animals. Due to change in the diet containing less cellulose, caecum in human became functionless and is reduced to a vermiform appendix, which is vestigial.
Incorrect
Cellulose digestion takes place in the caecum of these animals. Due to change in the diet containing less cellulose, caecum in human became functionless and is reduced to a vermiform appendix, which is vestigial.
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Question 41 of 99
41. Question
Which of the following are vestigial organs in human body?
1) Wisdom tooth
2) Eye
3) Body hair
4) CoccyxCorrect
Other examples of vestigial organs in human beings include coccyx, wisdom teeth, ear muscles, body hair, mammae in male, nictitating membrane of the eye, etc.,
Incorrect
Other examples of vestigial organs in human beings include coccyx, wisdom teeth, ear muscles, body hair, mammae in male, nictitating membrane of the eye, etc.,
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Question 42 of 99
42. Question
The organisms which possess the characters of two different groups are called____
Correct
The organisms which possess the characters of two different groups (transitional stage) are called connecting links. Example Peripatus (connecting link between Annelida and Arthropoda), Archeopteryx (connecting link between Reptiles and Aves).
Incorrect
The organisms which possess the characters of two different groups (transitional stage) are called connecting links. Example Peripatus (connecting link between Annelida and Arthropoda), Archeopteryx (connecting link between Reptiles and Aves).
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Question 43 of 99
43. Question
Sudden appearance of_____ in highly evolved organisms is called atavistic organs
Correct
Sudden appearance of vestigial organs in highly evolved organisms is called atavistic organs. Example, presence of tail in a human baby is an atavistic organ.
Incorrect
Sudden appearance of vestigial organs in highly evolved organisms is called atavistic organs. Example, presence of tail in a human baby is an atavistic organ.
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Question 44 of 99
44. Question
_____ deals with the study of the development of individual from the egg to the adult stage
Correct
Embryology deals with the study of the development of individual from the egg to the adult stage. A detailed study of the embryonic development of different forms makes us to think that there is a close resemblance during development.
Incorrect
Embryology deals with the study of the development of individual from the egg to the adult stage. A detailed study of the embryonic development of different forms makes us to think that there is a close resemblance during development.
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Question 45 of 99
45. Question
Match the following
I. Two chambered heart 1. Crocodile
II. Three chambered heart 2. Fishes
III. Four chambered heart 3. ReptilesCorrect
The development of heart in all vertebrates follows the same pattern of development as a pair of tubular structures that later develop into two chambered heart in fishes, three chambered in amphibians and in most reptiles and four chambered in crocodiles, birds and mammals; indicating a common ancestry for all the vertebrates
Incorrect
The development of heart in all vertebrates follows the same pattern of development as a pair of tubular structures that later develop into two chambered heart in fishes, three chambered in amphibians and in most reptiles and four chambered in crocodiles, birds and mammals; indicating a common ancestry for all the vertebrates
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Question 46 of 99
46. Question
Who propounded the “biogenetic law or theory of recapitulation”?
Correct
Ernst Von Haeckel, propounded the “biogenetic law or theory of recapitulation” which states that the life history of an individual (ontogeny) briefly repeats or recapitulates the evolutionary history of the race (phylogeny). In other words “Ontogeny recapitulates Phylogeny”
Incorrect
Ernst Von Haeckel, propounded the “biogenetic law or theory of recapitulation” which states that the life history of an individual (ontogeny) briefly repeats or recapitulates the evolutionary history of the race (phylogeny). In other words “Ontogeny recapitulates Phylogeny”
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Question 47 of 99
47. Question
Which of the following statement is correct?
1) The biogenetic law is not universal and it is now thought that animals do not recapitulate the adult stage of any ancestors.
2) The human embryo recapitulates the embryonic history and not the adult history of the organisms
3) The comparative study of the embryo of different animals shows structural similarities among themselvesCorrect
The biogenetic law is not universal and it is now thought that animals do not recapitulate the adult stage of any ancestors. The human embryo recapitulates the embryonic history and not the adult history of the organisms. The comparative study of the embryo of different animals shows structural similarities among themselves.
Incorrect
The biogenetic law is not universal and it is now thought that animals do not recapitulate the adult stage of any ancestors. The human embryo recapitulates the embryonic history and not the adult history of the organisms. The comparative study of the embryo of different animals shows structural similarities among themselves.
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Question 48 of 99
48. Question
Which of the following embryo start as a single cell?
1) Fish
2) Chick
3) HumanCorrect
The embryos of fish, salamander, tortoise, chick and human start life as a single cell, the zygote, and undergo cleavage to produce the blastula, change to gastrula and are triploblastic. This indicates that all the above said animals have evolved from a common ancestor.
Incorrect
The embryos of fish, salamander, tortoise, chick and human start life as a single cell, the zygote, and undergo cleavage to produce the blastula, change to gastrula and are triploblastic. This indicates that all the above said animals have evolved from a common ancestor.
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Question 49 of 99
49. Question
Molecular evolution is the process of change in the sequence composition of molecules such as__
1) DNA
2) RNA
3) ProteinCorrect
Molecular evolution is the process of change in the sequence composition of molecules such as DNA, RNA and proteins across generations. It uses principles of evolutionary biology and population genetics to explain patterns in the changes of molecules
Incorrect
Molecular evolution is the process of change in the sequence composition of molecules such as DNA, RNA and proteins across generations. It uses principles of evolutionary biology and population genetics to explain patterns in the changes of molecules
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Question 50 of 99
50. Question
Which of the following statement is incorrect?
1) One of the most useful advancement in the development of molecular biology is proteins and other molecules that control life processes are conserved among species
2) A slight change that occurs over time in these conserved molecules (DNA, RNA and protein) are often called molecular clocksCorrect
One of the most useful advancement in the development of molecular biology is proteins and other molecules that control life processes are conserved among species. A slight change that occurs over time in these conserved molecules (DNA, RNA and protein) are often called molecular clocks. Molecules that have been used to study evolution are cytochrome c (respiratory pathway) and rRNA (protein synthesis).
Incorrect
One of the most useful advancement in the development of molecular biology is proteins and other molecules that control life processes are conserved among species. A slight change that occurs over time in these conserved molecules (DNA, RNA and protein) are often called molecular clocks. Molecules that have been used to study evolution are cytochrome c (respiratory pathway) and rRNA (protein synthesis).
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Question 51 of 99
51. Question
__________ was the first to postulate theory of evolution in his famous book ‘Philosophie
Zoologique’Correct
Jean Baptiste de Lamarck, was the first to postulate the theory of evolution in his famous book ‘Philosophie Zoologique’ in the year 1809. There are two principles of Lamarckian theory.
Incorrect
Jean Baptiste de Lamarck, was the first to postulate the theory of evolution in his famous book ‘Philosophie Zoologique’ in the year 1809. There are two principles of Lamarckian theory.
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Question 52 of 99
52. Question
Which of the following are example of theory of use and disuse?
1) Neck in giraffe
2) Absence of limb in snake
3) Hand in humanCorrect
The theory of use and disuse – Organs that are used often will increase in size and those that are not used will degenerate. Neck in giraffe is an example of use and absence of limbs in snakes is an example for disuse theory.
Incorrect
The theory of use and disuse – Organs that are used often will increase in size and those that are not used will degenerate. Neck in giraffe is an example of use and absence of limbs in snakes is an example for disuse theory.
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Question 53 of 99
53. Question
Which of the following statement is correct?
1) Characters that are developed during the life time of an organism are called acquired characters
2) They are not inheritedCorrect
The theory of inheritance of acquired characters – Characters that are developed during the life time of an organism are called acquired characters and these are then inherited.
Incorrect
The theory of inheritance of acquired characters – Characters that are developed during the life time of an organism are called acquired characters and these are then inherited.
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Question 54 of 99
54. Question
Lamarck’s “Theory of Acquired characters” was disproved by____
Correct
Lamarck’s “Theory of Acquired characters” was disproved by August Weismann who conducted experiments on mice for twenty generations by cutting their tails and breeding them. All mice born were with tail.
Incorrect
Lamarck’s “Theory of Acquired characters” was disproved by August Weismann who conducted experiments on mice for twenty generations by cutting their tails and breeding them. All mice born were with tail.
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Question 55 of 99
55. Question
Who among the following are followers of Lamarck?
1) Cope
2) Darwin
3) Osborn
4) SpencerCorrect
The followers of Lamarck (Neo-Lamarckists) like Cope, Osborn, Packard and Spencer tried to explain Lamarck’s theory on a more scientific basis. They considered that adaptations are universal.
Incorrect
The followers of Lamarck (Neo-Lamarckists) like Cope, Osborn, Packard and Spencer tried to explain Lamarck’s theory on a more scientific basis. They considered that adaptations are universal.
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Question 56 of 99
56. Question
Which of the following statement is incorrect?
1) Organisms acquire new structures due to their adaptations to the changed environmental conditions
2) They argued that external conditions stimulate the somatic cells to produce certain ‘secretions’ which reach the sex cells through the bloodCorrect
Organisms acquire new structures due to their adaptations to the changed environmental conditions. They argued that external conditions stimulate the somatic cells to produce certain ‘secretions’ which reach the sex cells through the blood and bring about variations in the offspring.
Incorrect
Organisms acquire new structures due to their adaptations to the changed environmental conditions. They argued that external conditions stimulate the somatic cells to produce certain ‘secretions’ which reach the sex cells through the blood and bring about variations in the offspring.
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Question 57 of 99
57. Question
Who explained the theory of evolution in his book?
Correct
Charles Darwin explained the theory of evolution in his book ‘The Origin of Species by Natural Selection’. During his journey around the Earth, he made extensive observations of plants and animals.
Incorrect
Charles Darwin explained the theory of evolution in his book ‘The Origin of Species by Natural Selection’. During his journey around the Earth, he made extensive observations of plants and animals.
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Question 58 of 99
58. Question
Who proved that fittest organisms can survive and leave more progenies than the unfit ones?
Correct
Darwin noted a huge variety and remarkable similarities among organisms and their adaptive features to cope up to their environment. He proved that fittest organisms can survive and leave more progenies than the unfit ones through natural selection.
Incorrect
Darwin noted a huge variety and remarkable similarities among organisms and their adaptive features to cope up to their environment. He proved that fittest organisms can survive and leave more progenies than the unfit ones through natural selection.
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Question 59 of 99
59. Question
Which of the following statement is correct?
1) All living organisms increase their population in larger number
2) Salmon fish produces about 28 million eggs during breeding season and if all of them hatch, the seas would be filled with salmon in few generations
3) Elephant, the slowest breeder that can produce 9 young ones in its life timeCorrect
All living organisms increase their population in larger number. For example, Salmon fish produces about 28 million eggs during breeding season and if all of them hatch, the seas would be filled with salmon in few generations. Elephant, the slowest breeder that can produce six young ones in its life time can produce 6 million descendants at the end of 750 years in the absence of any check.
Incorrect
All living organisms increase their population in larger number. For example, Salmon fish produces about 28 million eggs during breeding season and if all of them hatch, the seas would be filled with salmon in few generations. Elephant, the slowest breeder that can produce six young ones in its life time can produce 6 million descendants at the end of 750 years in the absence of any check.
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Question 60 of 99
60. Question
Which of the following are limiting factors for organisms according to Darwin?
1) Food
2) Space
3) MateCorrect
Organisms struggle for food, space and mate. As these become a limiting factor, competition exists among the members of the population. Darwin denoted struggle for existence in three ways.
Incorrect
Organisms struggle for food, space and mate. As these become a limiting factor, competition exists among the members of the population. Darwin denoted struggle for existence in three ways.
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Question 61 of 99
61. Question
Which of the following statement is correct?
1) Intra specific struggle between the same species for food, space and mate
2) Inter specific struggle with different species for food, space and mate
3) Struggle with the environment to cope with the climatic variations, flood, earthquakes, drought, etc.Correct
Darwin denoted struggle for existence in three ways –
Intra specific struggle between the same species for food, space and mate. Inter specific struggle with different species for food and space. Struggle with the environment to cope with the climatic variations, flood, earthquakes, drought, etc.,Incorrect
Darwin denoted struggle for existence in three ways –
Intra specific struggle between the same species for food, space and mate. Inter specific struggle with different species for food and space. Struggle with the environment to cope with the climatic variations, flood, earthquakes, drought, etc., -
Question 62 of 99
62. Question
Which of the following statement is correct?
1) No two individuals are alike
2) There are variations even in identical twins
3) Even the children born of the same parents differ in colour, height, behaviour, etc.Correct
No two individuals are alike. There are variations even in identical twins. Even the children born of the same parents differ in colour, height, behaviour, etc., The useful variations found in an organism help them to overcome struggle and such variations are passed on to the next generation.
Incorrect
No two individuals are alike. There are variations even in identical twins. Even the children born of the same parents differ in colour, height, behaviour, etc., The useful variations found in an organism help them to overcome struggle and such variations are passed on to the next generation.
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Question 63 of 99
63. Question
According to whom, nature is the most powerful selective force?
Correct
According to Darwin, nature is the most powerful selective force. He compared origin of species by natural selection to a small isolated group.
Incorrect
According to Darwin, nature is the most powerful selective force. He compared origin of species by natural selection to a small isolated group.
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Question 64 of 99
64. Question
Which of the following statement is incorrect?
1) Darwin believed that the struggle for existence resulted in the survival of the fittest
2) Such organisms become better adapted to the changed environmentCorrect
Darwin believed that the struggle for existence resulted in the survival of the fittest. Such organisms become better adapted to the changed environment.
Incorrect
Darwin believed that the struggle for existence resulted in the survival of the fittest. Such organisms become better adapted to the changed environment.
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Question 65 of 99
65. Question
Which of the following are the objections against Darwin?
1) Darwin failed to explain the mechanism of variation
2) He focused on small fluctuating variations that are mostly non-heritable.Correct
Some objections raised against Darwinism were – • Darwin failed to explain the mechanism of variation. • Darwinism explains the survival of the fittest but not the arrival of the fittest. • He focused on small fluctuating variations that are mostly non-heritable. • He did not distinguish between somatic and germinal variations
Incorrect
Some objections raised against Darwinism were – • Darwin failed to explain the mechanism of variation. • Darwinism explains the survival of the fittest but not the arrival of the fittest. • He focused on small fluctuating variations that are mostly non-heritable. • He did not distinguish between somatic and germinal variations
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Question 66 of 99
66. Question
Which of the following cannot be explained by Darwin?
1) Large tusks in extinct mammoths
2) Hand in Human
3) Oversized antlers in the extinct Irish deerCorrect
Darwin could not explain the occurrence of vestigial organs, over specialization of some organs like large tusks in extinct mammoths, oversized antlers in the extinct Irish deer, etc.,
Incorrect
Darwin could not explain the occurrence of vestigial organs, over specialization of some organs like large tusks in extinct mammoths, oversized antlers in the extinct Irish deer, etc.,
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Question 67 of 99
67. Question
Who among the supported Darwin?
1) Wallace
2) Heinrich
3) Weismann
4) CopeCorrect
New facts and discoveries about evolution have led to modifications of Darwinism and is supported by Wallace, Heinrich, Haeckel, Weismann and Mendel.
Incorrect
New facts and discoveries about evolution have led to modifications of Darwinism and is supported by Wallace, Heinrich, Haeckel, Weismann and Mendel.
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Question 68 of 99
68. Question
Which of the following statement is incorrect?
1) Neo Darwinism is the interpretation of Darwinian evolution through Natural Selection as it has been modified since it was proposed.
2) This theory emphasizes the change in the frequency of genes in population arises due to mutation, variation, isolation and Natural selection.Correct
Neo Darwinism is the interpretation of Darwinian evolution through Natural Selection as it has been modified since it was proposed. This theory emphasizes the change in the frequency of genes in population arises due to mutation, variation, isolation and Natural selection.
Incorrect
Neo Darwinism is the interpretation of Darwinian evolution through Natural Selection as it has been modified since it was proposed. This theory emphasizes the change in the frequency of genes in population arises due to mutation, variation, isolation and Natural selection.
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Question 69 of 99
69. Question
Who put forth the mutation theory?
Correct
Hugo de Vries put forth the Mutation theory. Mutations are sudden random changes that occur in an organism that is not heritable. De Vries carried out his experiments in the Evening Primrose plant (Oenothera Lamarckiana) and observed variations in them due to mutation.
Incorrect
Hugo de Vries put forth the Mutation theory. Mutations are sudden random changes that occur in an organism that is not heritable. De Vries carried out his experiments in the Evening Primrose plant (Oenothera Lamarckiana) and observed variations in them due to mutation.
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Question 70 of 99
70. Question
Which of the following statement is incorrect?
1) According to de Vries, sudden and large variations were responsible for the origin of new species
2) Lamarck and Darwin believed in gradual accumulation of all variations as the causative factors in the origin of new speciesCorrect
According to de Vries, sudden and large variations were responsible for the origin of new species whereas Lamarck and Darwin believed in gradual accumulation of all variations as the causative factors in the origin of new species. Hugo de Vries believed that Mutations are random and directionless, but Darwinian variations are small and directional.
Incorrect
According to de Vries, sudden and large variations were responsible for the origin of new species whereas Lamarck and Darwin believed in gradual accumulation of all variations as the causative factors in the origin of new species. Hugo de Vries believed that Mutations are random and directionless, but Darwinian variations are small and directional.
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Question 71 of 99
71. Question
Which of the following are the features of mutation theory?
1) In naturally breeding populations, mutations occur from time to time
2) They are strictly subjected to natural selection
3) Mutations or discontinuous variation are transmitted to other generationsCorrect
Salient features of Mutation Theory:
• Mutations or discontinuous variation are transmitted to other generations.
• In naturally breeding populations, mutations occur from time to time.
• There are no intermediate forms, as they are fully fledged.
• They are strictly subjected to natural selection.Incorrect
Salient features of Mutation Theory:
• Mutations or discontinuous variation are transmitted to other generations.
• In naturally breeding populations, mutations occur from time to time.
• There are no intermediate forms, as they are fully fledged.
• They are strictly subjected to natural selection. -
Question 72 of 99
72. Question
Sewell Wright, Fisher, Mayer, Huxley, Dobzhansky, Simpson and Haeckel explained Natural
Selection in the light of___Correct
Sewell Wright, Fisher, Mayer, Huxley, Dobzhansky, Simpson and Haeckel explained Natural Selection in the light of Post-Darwinian discoveries. According to this theory gene mutations, chromosomal mutations, genetic recombination, natural selection and reproductive isolation are the five basic factors involved in the process of organic evolution.
Incorrect
Sewell Wright, Fisher, Mayer, Huxley, Dobzhansky, Simpson and Haeckel explained Natural Selection in the light of Post-Darwinian discoveries. According to this theory gene mutations, chromosomal mutations, genetic recombination, natural selection and reproductive isolation are the five basic factors involved in the process of organic evolution.
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Question 73 of 99
73. Question
________ refers to the changes in the structure of the gene
Correct
Gene mutation refers to the changes in the structure of the gene. It is also called gene/ point mutation. It alters the phenotype of an organism and produces variations in their offspring.
Incorrect
Gene mutation refers to the changes in the structure of the gene. It is also called gene/ point mutation. It alters the phenotype of an organism and produces variations in their offspring.
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Question 74 of 99
74. Question
Which of the following are included in chromosomal mutation?
1) Deletion
2) Addition
3) TranslocationCorrect
Chromosomal mutation refers to the changes in the structure of chromosomes due to deletion, addition, duplication, inversion or translocation. This too alters the phenotype of an organism and produces variations in their offspring
Incorrect
Chromosomal mutation refers to the changes in the structure of chromosomes due to deletion, addition, duplication, inversion or translocation. This too alters the phenotype of an organism and produces variations in their offspring
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Question 75 of 99
75. Question
Genetic recombination is due to crossing over of genes during___
Correct
Genetic recombination is due to crossing over of genes during meiosis. This brings about genetic variations in the individuals of the same species and leads to heritable variations.
Incorrect
Genetic recombination is due to crossing over of genes during meiosis. This brings about genetic variations in the individuals of the same species and leads to heritable variations.
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Question 76 of 99
76. Question
Which of the following statement is correct?
1) Natural selection does not produce any genetic variations but once such variations occur it favours some genetic changes while rejecting others
2) Reproductive isolation helps in preventing interbreeding between related organisms.Correct
Natural selection does not produce any genetic variations but once such variations occur it favours some genetic changes while rejecting others (driving force of evolution). Reproductive isolation helps in preventing interbreeding between related organisms.
Incorrect
Natural selection does not produce any genetic variations but once such variations occur it favours some genetic changes while rejecting others (driving force of evolution). Reproductive isolation helps in preventing interbreeding between related organisms.
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Question 77 of 99
77. Question
Which of the following statement is correct?
1) Natural selection can be explained clearly through industrial melanism
2) Industrial melanism is a classical case of Natural selection exhibited by the peppered moth, Biston betularia
3) These were available in two colours, white and blackCorrect
Natural selection can be explained clearly through industrial melanism. Industrial melanism is a classical case of Natural selection exhibited by the peppered moth, Biston betularia. These were available in two colours, white and black. Before industrialization peppered moth both white and black coloured were common in England.
Incorrect
Natural selection can be explained clearly through industrial melanism. Industrial melanism is a classical case of Natural selection exhibited by the peppered moth, Biston betularia. These were available in two colours, white and black. Before industrialization peppered moth both white and black coloured were common in England.
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Question 78 of 99
78. Question
Which of the following statement is correct?
1) Pre-industrialization witnessed white coloured background of the wall of the buildings hence the white coloured moths escaped from their predator
2) Post industrialization, the tree trunks became dark due to smoke and soot let out from the industries
3) The black moths camouflaged on the dark bark of the trees and the white moths were easily identified by their predatorsCorrect
Pre-industrialization witnessed white coloured background of the wall of the buildings hence the white coloured moths escaped from their predators. Post industrialization, the tree trunks became dark due to smoke and soot let out from the industries. The black moths camouflaged on the dark bark of the trees and the white moths were easily identified by their predators. Hence the dark coloured moth population was selected and their number increased when compared to the white moths.
Incorrect
Pre-industrialization witnessed white coloured background of the wall of the buildings hence the white coloured moths escaped from their predators. Post industrialization, the tree trunks became dark due to smoke and soot let out from the industries. The black moths camouflaged on the dark bark of the trees and the white moths were easily identified by their predators. Hence the dark coloured moth population was selected and their number increased when compared to the white moths.
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Question 79 of 99
79. Question
Which of the following resulted in Artificial selection?
1) Human exploitation of ocean
2) Use of pesticides
3) DrugsCorrect
Artificial selection is a by-product of human exploitation of forests, oceans and fisheries or the use of pesticides, herbicides or drugs.
Incorrect
Artificial selection is a by-product of human exploitation of forests, oceans and fisheries or the use of pesticides, herbicides or drugs.
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Question 80 of 99
80. Question
Which of the following statement is incorrect?
1) The evolutionary process which produces new species diverged from a single ancestral form becomes adapted to newly invaded habitats is called adaptive radiation
2) Adaptive radiations are best exemplified in closely related groups that have evolved in relatively short timeCorrect
The evolutionary process which produces new species diverged from a single ancestral form becomes adapted to newly invaded habitats is called adaptive radiation. Adaptive radiations are best exemplified in closely related groups that have evolved in relatively short time. Darwin’s finches and Australian marsupials are best examples for adaptive radiation.
Incorrect
The evolutionary process which produces new species diverged from a single ancestral form becomes adapted to newly invaded habitats is called adaptive radiation. Adaptive radiations are best exemplified in closely related groups that have evolved in relatively short time. Darwin’s finches and Australian marsupials are best examples for adaptive radiation.
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Question 81 of 99
81. Question
Darwin’s finches common ancestor arrived on the Galapagos about____ years ago
Correct
Darwin’s finche common ancestor arrived on the Galapagos about 2 million years ago. During that time, Darwin’s finches have evolved into 14 recognized species differing in body size, beak shape and feeding behaviour. Changes in the size and form of the beak have enabled different species to utilize different food resources such as insects, seeds, nectar from cactus flowers and blood from iguanas, all driven by Natural selection.
Incorrect
Darwin’s finche common ancestor arrived on the Galapagos about 2 million years ago. During that time, Darwin’s finches have evolved into 14 recognized species differing in body size, beak shape and feeding behaviour. Changes in the size and form of the beak have enabled different species to utilize different food resources such as insects, seeds, nectar from cactus flowers and blood from iguanas, all driven by Natural selection.
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Question 82 of 99
82. Question
Marsupials are found in____
Correct
Marsupials in Australia and placental mammals in North America are two subclasses of mammals they have adapted in similar way to a particular food resource, locomotory skill or climate.
Incorrect
Marsupials in Australia and placental mammals in North America are two subclasses of mammals they have adapted in similar way to a particular food resource, locomotory skill or climate.
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Question 83 of 99
83. Question
When did Marsupials and placental mammals got separated?
Correct
Marsupials in Australia and placental mammals in North America were separated from the common ancestor more than 100 million year ago and each lineage continued to evolve independently. Despite temporal and geographical separation, marsupials in Australia and placental mammals in North America have produced varieties of species living in similar habitats with similar ways of life.
Incorrect
Marsupials in Australia and placental mammals in North America were separated from the common ancestor more than 100 million year ago and each lineage continued to evolve independently. Despite temporal and geographical separation, marsupials in Australia and placental mammals in North America have produced varieties of species living in similar habitats with similar ways of life.
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Question 84 of 99
84. Question
Which of the following statement is correct?
1) Microevolution refers to the changes in allele frequencies within a population
2) Allele frequencies in a population may change due to four fundamental forces of evolution such as natural selection, genetic drift, mutation and gene flowCorrect
Microevolution (evolution on a small scale) refers to the changes in allele frequencies within a population. Allele frequencies in a population may change due to four fundamental forces of evolution such as natural selection, genetic drift, mutation and gene flow.
Incorrect
Microevolution (evolution on a small scale) refers to the changes in allele frequencies within a population. Allele frequencies in a population may change due to four fundamental forces of evolution such as natural selection, genetic drift, mutation and gene flow.
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Question 85 of 99
85. Question
Which of the following statement is correct?
1) Natural selection occurs when one allele makes an organism more or less fit to survive and reproduce in a given environment.
2) If an allele reduces fitness, its frequencies tend to drop from one generation to the next
3) The evolutionary path of a given gene i.e., how its allele’s change in frequency in the population across generation, may result from several evolutionary mechanisms acting at onceCorrect
Natural selection occurs when one allele (or combination of alleles of differences) makes an organism more or less fit to survive and reproduce in a given environment. If an allele reduces fitness, its frequencies tend to drop from one generation to the next. The evolutionary path of a given gene i.e., how its allele’s change in frequency in the population across generation, may result from several evolutionary mechanisms acting at once.
Incorrect
Natural selection occurs when one allele (or combination of alleles of differences) makes an organism more or less fit to survive and reproduce in a given environment. If an allele reduces fitness, its frequencies tend to drop from one generation to the next. The evolutionary path of a given gene i.e., how its allele’s change in frequency in the population across generation, may result from several evolutionary mechanisms acting at once.
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Question 86 of 99
86. Question
Which of the following statement about Stabilising Selection is correct?
1) This type of selection operates in a stable environment
2) There is speciation and the phenotypic stability is maintained within the population over generation
3) The organisms with average phenotypes survive whereas the extreme individuals from both the ends are eliminated.Correct
Stabilising Selection (centripetal selection):
This type of selection operates in a stable environment. The organisms with average phenotypes survive whereas the extreme individuals from both the ends are eliminated. There is no speciation but the phenotypic stability is maintained within the population over generation. For example, measurements of sparrows that survived the storm clustered around the mean, and the sparrows that failed to survive the storm clustered around the extremes of the variation showing stabilizing selectionIncorrect
Stabilising Selection (centripetal selection):
This type of selection operates in a stable environment. The organisms with average phenotypes survive whereas the extreme individuals from both the ends are eliminated. There is no speciation but the phenotypic stability is maintained within the population over generation. For example, measurements of sparrows that survived the storm clustered around the mean, and the sparrows that failed to survive the storm clustered around the extremes of the variation showing stabilizing selection -
Question 87 of 99
87. Question
Which of the following statement about Directional selection is correct?
1) The environment which undergoes gradual change is subjected to directional selection
2) Size differences between male and female sparrows is an example
3) Both male and female look alike externally but differ in body weight.Correct
Directional Selection: The environment which undergoes gradual change is subjected to directional selection. This type of selection removes the individuals from one end towards the other end of phenotypic distribution. For example, size differences between male and female sparrows. Both male and female look alike externally but differ in body weight. Females show directional selection in relation to body weight.
Incorrect
Directional Selection: The environment which undergoes gradual change is subjected to directional selection. This type of selection removes the individuals from one end towards the other end of phenotypic distribution. For example, size differences between male and female sparrows. Both male and female look alike externally but differ in body weight. Females show directional selection in relation to body weight.
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Question 88 of 99
88. Question
Which of the following statement about disruptive selection is correct?
1) When homogenous environment changes into heterogenous environment this type of selection is operational
2) The organisms of both the extreme phenotypes are selected whereas individuals with average phenotype are eliminated
3) This is rare type of selectionCorrect
Disruptive Selection (centrifugal selection): When homogenous environment changes into heterogenous environment this type of selection is operational. The organisms of both the extreme phenotypes are selected whereas individuals with average phenotype are eliminated. This results in splitting of the population into sub population/species. This is a rare form of selection but leads to formation of two or more different species. It is also called adaptive radiation. E.g. Darwin’s finches beak size in relation to seed size inhabiting Galapagos islands.
Incorrect
Disruptive Selection (centrifugal selection): When homogenous environment changes into heterogenous environment this type of selection is operational. The organisms of both the extreme phenotypes are selected whereas individuals with average phenotype are eliminated. This results in splitting of the population into sub population/species. This is a rare form of selection but leads to formation of two or more different species. It is also called adaptive radiation. E.g. Darwin’s finches beak size in relation to seed size inhabiting Galapagos islands.
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Question 89 of 99
89. Question
Which of the following statement is correct?
1) Movement of genes through gametes or movement of individuals in (immigration) and out (emigration) of a population is referred to as gene flow.
2) Gene flow is alone strong agent of evolutionCorrect
Movement of genes through gametes or movement of individuals in (immigration) and out (emigration) of a population is referred to as gene flow. Organisms and gametes that enter the population may have new alleles or may bring in existing alleles but in different proportions than those already in the population. Gene flow can be a strong agent of evolution.
Incorrect
Movement of genes through gametes or movement of individuals in (immigration) and out (emigration) of a population is referred to as gene flow. Organisms and gametes that enter the population may have new alleles or may bring in existing alleles but in different proportions than those already in the population. Gene flow can be a strong agent of evolution.
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Question 90 of 99
90. Question
Which of the following statement is incorrect?
1) Although mutation is the original source of all genetic variation, mutation rate for most organisms is low
2) Hence new mutations on an allele frequencies from one generation to the next is usually not largeCorrect
Although mutation is the original source of all genetic variation, mutation rate for most organisms is low. Hence new mutations on an allele frequencies from one generation to the next is usually not large.
Incorrect
Although mutation is the original source of all genetic variation, mutation rate for most organisms is low. Hence new mutations on an allele frequencies from one generation to the next is usually not large.
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Question 91 of 99
91. Question
Homo sapiens or modern human arose in_____
Correct
Homo sapiens or modern human arose in Africa some 25,000 years ago and moved to other continents and developed into distinct races. They had a brain capacity of 1300 – 1600 cc. They started cultivating crops and domesticating animals.
Incorrect
Homo sapiens or modern human arose in Africa some 25,000 years ago and moved to other continents and developed into distinct races. They had a brain capacity of 1300 – 1600 cc. They started cultivating crops and domesticating animals.
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Question 92 of 99
92. Question
.____ is considered as ancestor of modern Europeans
Correct
Cro-Magnon was one of the most talked forms of modern human found from the rocks of Cro-Magnon, France and is considered as the ancestor of modern Europeans. They were not only adapted to various environmental conditions, but were also known for their cave paintings, figures on floors and walls.
Incorrect
Cro-Magnon was one of the most talked forms of modern human found from the rocks of Cro-Magnon, France and is considered as the ancestor of modern Europeans. They were not only adapted to various environmental conditions, but were also known for their cave paintings, figures on floors and walls.
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Question 93 of 99
93. Question
Neanderthal human was found in Neander Valley in____
Correct
Neanderthal human was found in Neander Valley, Germany with a brain size of 1400 cc and lived between 34,000 – 1,00,000 years ago. They differ from the modern human in having semierect posture, flat cranium, sloping forehead, thin large orbits, heavy brow ridges, protruding jaws and no chin.
Incorrect
Neanderthal human was found in Neander Valley, Germany with a brain size of 1400 cc and lived between 34,000 – 1,00,000 years ago. They differ from the modern human in having semierect posture, flat cranium, sloping forehead, thin large orbits, heavy brow ridges, protruding jaws and no chin.
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Question 94 of 99
94. Question
Who among the used fire and buried their dead?
Correct
Neanderthal human used animal hides to protect their bodies, knew the use of fire and buried their dead. They did not practice agriculture and animal domestication.
Incorrect
Neanderthal human used animal hides to protect their bodies, knew the use of fire and buried their dead. They did not practice agriculture and animal domestication.
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Question 95 of 99
95. Question
___ the first human like being was around 1.7 mya and was much closer to human in looks
Correct
Homo erectus the first human like being was around 1.7 mya and was much closer to human in looks, skull was flatter and thicker than the modern man and had a large brain capacity of around 900 cc. Homo erectus probably ate meat Homo ergaster and Homo erectus were the first to leave Africa.
Incorrect
Homo erectus the first human like being was around 1.7 mya and was much closer to human in looks, skull was flatter and thicker than the modern man and had a large brain capacity of around 900 cc. Homo erectus probably ate meat Homo ergaster and Homo erectus were the first to leave Africa.
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Question 96 of 99
96. Question
Who had bipedal locomotion and used tools made of chipped stones?
Correct
Homo habilis lived about 2 mya. Their brain capacity was between 650 – 800cc, and was probably vegetarian. They had bipedal locomotion and used tools made of chipped stones.
Incorrect
Homo habilis lived about 2 mya. Their brain capacity was between 650 – 800cc, and was probably vegetarian. They had bipedal locomotion and used tools made of chipped stones.
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Question 97 of 99
97. Question
Which of the following statement is correct?
1) Australopithecus lived in East African grasslands about 5 mya
2) They are called Australian ape man
3) He was about 2.5 meters tall with bipedal locomotion, omnivorous, semi erect, and lived in cavesCorrect
Australopithecus lived in East African grasslands about 5 mya and was called the Australian ape man. He was about 1.5 meters tall with bipedal locomotion, omnivorous, semi erect, and lived in caves. Low forehead, brow ridges over the eyes, protruding face, lack of chin, low brain capacity of about 350 – 450 cc, human like dentition, lumbar curve in the vertebral column were his distinguishing features.
Incorrect
Australopithecus lived in East African grasslands about 5 mya and was called the Australian ape man. He was about 1.5 meters tall with bipedal locomotion, omnivorous, semi erect, and lived in caves. Low forehead, brow ridges over the eyes, protruding face, lack of chin, low brain capacity of about 350 – 450 cc, human like dentition, lumbar curve in the vertebral column were his distinguishing features.
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Question 98 of 99
98. Question
Which of the following statement is correct?
1) Mammals evolved in the early Jurassic period, about 210 million years ago
2) Hominid evolution occurred in Asia and Africa
3) Hominids proved that human beings are superior to other animals and efficient in making tools and cultureCorrect
Mammals evolved in the early Jurassic period, about 210 million years ago (mya). Hominid evolution occurred in Asia and Africa. Hominids proved that human beings are superior to other animals and efficient in making tools and culture.
Incorrect
Mammals evolved in the early Jurassic period, about 210 million years ago (mya). Hominid evolution occurred in Asia and Africa. Hominids proved that human beings are superior to other animals and efficient in making tools and culture.
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Question 99 of 99
99. Question
Which of the following statement is incorrect?
1) In nature, populations are usually evolving such as the grass in an open meadow, wolves in a forest and bacteria in a person’s body are all natural populations
2) Evolution does not mean that the population is moving towards perfection rather the population is changing its genetic makeup over generations.Correct
In nature, populations are usually evolving such as the grass in an open meadow, wolves in a forest and bacteria in a person’s body are all natural populations. All of these populations are likely to be evolving some of their genes. Evolution does not mean that the population is moving towards perfection rather the population is changing its genetic makeup over generations. For example in a wolf population, there may be a shift in the frequency of a gene variant for black fur than grey fur. Sometimes, this type of change is due to natural selection or due to migration or due to random events.
Incorrect
In nature, populations are usually evolving such as the grass in an open meadow, wolves in a forest and bacteria in a person’s body are all natural populations. All of these populations are likely to be evolving some of their genes. Evolution does not mean that the population is moving towards perfection rather the population is changing its genetic makeup over generations. For example in a wolf population, there may be a shift in the frequency of a gene variant for black fur than grey fur. Sometimes, this type of change is due to natural selection or due to migration or due to random events.
Leaderboard: Evolution 12th Science Online Test
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