Impact of World War I on Indian Freedom Movement 12th History Lesson 3 Questions in English

12th History Lesson 3 Questions in English

3] Impact of World War I on Indian Freedom Movement

1. Which among the following incident has nothing related to events that preceded the First World War?

1. 1905 Japan had defeated Russia
2. 1908 the Young Turks overthrown their government
3. 1911 the Chinese nationalists overthrown their governments
4. 1912 the Swiss republicans overthrown their government

Explanation

Several events that preceded the First World War had a bearing on Indian nationalist politics. In 1905 Japan had defeated Russia. In 1908 the Young Turks and in 1911 the Chinese nationalists, using Western methods and ideas, had overthrown their governments. Along with the First World War these events provide the background to Indian nationalism during 1916 and 1920.

2. Which among the following statement is correct

1. Africa was the main theatre of the World War I, though fighting took place in others parts of the world as well. The British recruited a vast contingent of Indians to serve in Africa. During the War, the soldiers came back with new ideas which had an impact on the Indian society.
2. India had to cough up around £ 367 million, of which £ 229 million as direct cash and the rest through loans to offset the war expenses. India also sent war materials to the value £ 250 million. This caused enormous economic distress, triggering discontent amongst Indians.
3. Only 1
4. Only 2
5. Both 1 and 2
6. None

Explanation

Europe was the main theatre of the War, though fighting took place in others parts of the world as well. The British recruited a vast contingent of Indians to serve in Europe, Africa and West Asia. After the War, the soldiers came back with new ideas which had an impact on the Indian society.

3. The nationalist politics was in low key, since the Indian National Congress had split into extremists and ______

1. Liberates
2. Republicans
3. Moderates
4. Capitalist

Explanation

The nationalist politics was in low key, since the Indian National Congress had split into moderates and extremists, while the Muslim league supported British interests in war.

4. In 1916 “the extremists” led by whom had gained control of Congress?

1. Lala Lajpat Rai
2. Bal Gangadhar Tilak
3. Bipin Chandra Pal
4. Dadabhai Naoroji

Explanation

In 1916 “the extremists” led by Tilak had gained control of Congress.

5. Under whose leadership the rise of Home Rule Movement in South India took place?

1. Dadabhai Naoroji
2. Bal Gangadhar Tilak
3. Dr Annie Besant
4. Ram Mohan Roy

Explanation

After the extremists gained control of Congress, this led to the rise of Home Rule Movement in India under the leadership of Dr Annie Besant in South India and Tilak in Western India.

6. What was the agreement signed between Hindus and Muslims in 1916 that increased the strength of Indian Nationalism?

1. Agra Pact
2. Lucknow Pact
3. Patna Pact
4. Madras Pact

Explanation

The Congress was reunited during the war. The strength of Indian nationalism was increased by the agreement signed between Hindus and Muslims, known as the Lucknow Pact, in 1916.

7. Which among the following act is the most draconic repressive act?

1. Regulation Act
2. Pitt’s India Act
3. Rowlatt Act
4. Sati Regulation Act

Explanation

During the War, western revolutionary ideas were influencing the radical nationalists and so the British tried to suppress the national movement by passing repressive acts. Of all the repressive acts, the most draconic was the Rowlatt Act. This act was strongly criticized by the Indian leaders and they organised meetings to protest against the act.

8. Which among the following country lost in World War I?

1. Turkey
2. France
3. Italy
4. Russia

Explanation

The international events too had its impact on India, such as the revolution in Russia. The defeat of Turkey in World War I and the severe terms of the Treaty of Sevres signed thereafter undermined the position of Sultan of Turkey as Khalifa. Out of the resentment was born the Khilafat Movement.

9. Who among the following foreigners had played a pivotal role in our freedom movement in the early stages in India?

1. John Shore
2. A. O. Hume
3. Amherst
4. H. Hardinge

Explanation

We may recall that many foreigners such as A.O. Hume had played a pivotal role in our freedom movement in the early stages. Dr Annie Besant played a similar role in the early part of the twentieth century.

10. Which among the following statement is correct

1. Dr Annie Besant was Dutch by birth and had been active in the Dutch home rule, fabian socialist and birth control movements while in Britain. She joined the Theosophical Society, and came to India in 1902.
2. Besant was actively spreading the theosophical ideas from its headquarters, Mysore in Karnataka, and gained the support of a number of educated followers such as Jamnadas Dwarkadas, George Arundale, Shankerlal Banker, Indulal Yagnik, C.P. Ramaswamy and B.P. Wadia.
3. Only 1
4. Only 2
5. Both 1 and 2
6. None

Explanation

Dr Annie Besant was Irish by birth and had been active in the Irish home rule, fabian socialist and birth control movements while in Britain. She joined the Theosophical Society, and came to India in 1893.

Beasant was actively spreading the theosophical ideas from its headquarters, Adyar in Chennai, and gained the support of a number of educated followers such as Jamnadas Dwarkadas, George Arundale, Shankerlal Banker, Indulal Yagnik, C.P. Ramaswamy and B.P. Wadia.

11. Where Annie Beasant founded the Central Hindu College?

1. Patna
2. Calcutta
3. Benaras
4. Madras

Explanation

Annie Beasant founded the Central Hindu College in Benaras.

12. Who upgraded Central Hindu College later as Benaras Hindu University in 1916?

1. Madan Mohan Malaviya
2. Chittaranjan Das
3. Motilal Nehru
4. Lala Lajpat Rai

Explanation

The Central Hindu College later upgraded as Benaras Hindu University by Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya in 1916.

13. Who was the Predecessor of Annie Besant as the international president of the Theosophical Society?

1. H. S. Olcott
2. W. Q. Judge
3. Alfred P Sinnet
4. George Arundale

Explanation

With the death of H. S. Olcott in 1907, Besant succeeded him as the international president of the Theosophical Society.

14. Which among the following statement is correct

1. In 1918 was when Britain announced its entry in First World War, it was claimed that it fighting for freedom and democracy. India and Indians did not take active part in the War believing that Britain would not reward India’s loyalty. But only disappointment was in store.
2. Thus, the War had multiple effects on Indian society, economy and polity. Soon they were disillusioned as there was no change in the British attitude towards India. Moreover, split into moderate and extremist wings, the Indian National Congress was not strong enough to press for further political reforms towards self-rule.
3. Only 1
4. Only 2
5. Both 1 and 2
6. None

Explanation

In 1914 was when Britain announced its entry in First World War, it was claimed that it fighting for freedom and democracy. vement. India and Indians had taken an active part in the War believing that Britain would reward India’s loyalty. But only disappointment was in store.

15. Who was looked upon suspiciously by the British once the Sultan of Turkey entered the War supporting the Central powers?

1. Theosophical Society
2. Extremist of INC
3. Muslim League
4. Moderates of INC

Explanation

The Muslim League was looked upon suspiciously by the British once the Sultan of Turkey entered the War supporting the Central powers.

16. What was the Weekly started by Annie Beasant in 1914?

1. Commonweal
2. Tinkle
3. Leader
4. Hindustani and Advocate

Explanation

In the backdrop of First World War I Besant entered into Indian Politics. She started a weekly The Commonweal in 1914. The weekly focussed on religious liberty, national education, social and political reforms.

17. Which among the following book was published by Annie Besant in 1915?

1. A Textbook of Theosophy
2. Poverty and Un-British Rule in India
3. Memories of My Life and Times
4. How India Wrought for Freedom

Explanation

Annie Besant published a book How India Wrought for Freedom in 1915. In this book she asserted that the beginnings of national consciousness are deeply embedded in its ancient past. She gave the call, ‘The moment of England’s difficulty is the moment of India’s opportunity’ and wanted Indian leaders to press for reforms. She toured England and made many speeches in the cause of India’s freedom.

18. Which Newspaper was started by Annie Besant on her return from British?

1. National Herald
2. Independent
3. New India
4. The Hindu

Explanation

Annie Besant also tried to form an Indian party in the Parliament but was unsuccessful. Her visit, however, aroused sympathy for India. On her return, she started a daily newspaper New India on July 14, 1915. She revealed her concept of self-rule in a speech at Bombay: “I mean by self-government that the country shall have a government by councils, elected by the people, and responsible to the House”.

19. Which among the following statement is correct

1. Annie Beasant organized public meetings and conferences to spread the idea and demanded that India be granted self-government on the lines of the White colonies after the War.
2. On September 28, 1915, Besant made a formal declaration that she would start the Home Rule League Movement for India with objectives on the lines of the Irish Home Rule League.
3. Only 1
4. Only 2
5. Both 1 and 2
6. None

20. Who did not like the idea of establishing another separate organisation by Annie Besant?

1. Moderates of INC
2. Extremist of INC
3. Muslim League
4. Both Moderates and Extremist

Explanation

The moderates did not like the idea of establishing another separate organisation by Annie Besant. She too realised that the sanction of the Congress party was necessary for her movement to be successful.

21. In December 1915, which session of Congress suitably altered the constitution of the Congress party to admit the members from the extremist section?

1. Madras session
2. Bombay session
3. Calcutta session
4. Agra session

Explanation

In December 1915 due to the efforts of Tilak and Besant, the Bombay session of Congress suitably altered the constitution of the Congress party to admit the members from the extremist section. In the session she insisted on the Congress taking up the Home Rule League programme before September 1916, failing which she would organize the Home Rule League on her own.

22. In 1916 how many Home Rule Movements were launched in the country?

1. Two
2. Four
3. Three
4. Seven

Explanation

In 1916, two Home Rule Movements were launched in the country: one under Tilak and the other under Besant with their spheres of activity well demarcated. The twin objectives of the Home Rule League were the establishment of Home Rule for India in British Empire and arousing in the Indian masses a sense of pride for the Motherland.

23. In which among the following region does not come under Tilak Home Rule League?

1. Bombay
2. Karnataka
3. Allahabad
4. Central provinces

Explanation

Tilak Home Rule League was set up at the Bombay Provincial conference held at Belgaum in April 1916. It League was to work in Maharashtra (including Bombay city), Karnataka, the Central Provinces and Berar.

24. Tilak’s League was organised into how many branches?

1. Two
2. Four
3. Six
4. Three

Explanation

Tilak’s League was organised into six branches and Annie Besant’s League was given the rest of India. Tilak popularised the demand for Home Rule through his lectures. The popularity of his League was confined to Maharashtra and Karnataka but claimed a membership of 14,000 in April 1917 and 32,000 by early 1918. On 23 July 1916 on his 60th birthday Tilak was arrested for propagating the idea of Home Rule.

25. Home Rule was a common feature in which ancient Empire?

1. Greece
2. Roman
3. Persian
4. Chinese

Explanation

Home Rule refers to a self-government granted by a central or regional government to its dependent political units on condition that their people should remain politically loyal to it. This was a common feature in the ancient Roman Empire and the modern British Empire.

26. Home Rule was established by the Government of Ireland Act (1920) in how many counties of Northern Ireland?

1. Three
2. Six
3. Eight
4. Five

Explanation

In Ireland the Home Rule Movement gathered force in the 1880s and a system of Home Rule was established by the Government of Ireland Act (1920) in six counties of Northern Ireland and later by the Anglo-Irish Treaty (1921) in the remaining 26 counties in the south.

27. Where Besant herself inaugurated the Home Rule League in September 1916?

1. Bombay
2. Benaras
3. Madras
4. Calcutta

Explanation

Finding no signs from the Congress, Besant herself inaugurated the Home Rule League at Madras in September 1916. Its branches were established at Kanpur, Allahabad, Benaras, Mathura, Calicut and Ahmednagar. She made an extensive tour and spread the idea of Home Rule.

28. Which among the following statement is correct

1. Annie Besant declared that “the price of British’s loyalty is India’s Freedom”. Extremist congressmen who were dissatisfied with the inactivity of the Congress joined the Home Rule League.
2. The popularity of the League can be gauged from the fact that Jawaharlal Nehru, Muhammad Ali Jinnah, B. Chakravarti and Jitendralal Banerji, Satyamurti and Khaliquzzaman were taking up the membership of the League.
3. As Besant’s Home Rule Movement became very popular in Madras, the Government of Madras decided to suppress it. Students were barred from attending its meetings.
4. Both 1 and 2
5. Both 1 and 3
6. Both 2 and 3
7. All 1, 2 and 3

Explanation

Annie Besant declared that “the price of India’s loyalty is India’s Freedom”. Moderate congressmen who were dissatisfied with the inactivity of the Congress joined the Home Rule League.

29. Who among the following was the associates of Annie Besant?

1. Robert Napier
2. George Arundale
3. William Denison
4. Northbrook

Explanation

In June 1917 Besant and her associates, B.P. Wadia and George Arundale were interred in Ootacamund. The government’s repression strengthened the supporters, and with renewed determination they began to resist.

30. To support Besant who renounced his knighthood?

1. S. Subramaniam
2. Azam Jah
3. Ram Singh
4. Vijayraji

Explanation

To support Besant, Sir S. Subramaniam renounced his knighthood. Many leaders like Madan Mohan Malaviya, and Surendranath Banerjea who had earlier stayed away from the movement enlisted themselves.

31. At the AICC meeting convened on 28 July 1917, who advocated the use of civil disobedience if Beasant and her associates were not released?

1. Gandhi
2. Tilak
3. S. Subramaniam
4. Jawaharlal Nehru

Explanation

At the AICC meeting convened on 28 July 1917 Tilak advocated the use of civil disobedience if Beasant and her associates were not released.

32. On whose order Jamnadas Dwarkadas and Shankerlal Banker, collected one thousand signatures willing to defy the interment orders and march to Besant’s place of detention?

1. Gandhi
2. Jawaharlal Nehru
3. Vallabhbhai Patel
4. Rajendra Prasad

Explanation

Jamnadas Dwarkadas and Shankerlal Banker, on the orders of Gandhi, collected one thousand signatures willing to defy the interment orders and march to Besant’s place of detention. Due to the growing resistance the interned nationalists were released.

33. At what session of Indian Nation Congress Besant was elected the President of INC in 1917?

1. Madras
2. Bombay
3. Delhi
4. Calcutta

Explanation

On 20 August 1917 the new Secretary of State Montagu announced that ‘self-governing institutions and responsible government’ was the goal of the British rule in India. In September 1917, when she was released, she was elected the President of Calcutta session of the Indian National Congress in 1917.

34. Which among the followings statement is incorrect

1. The Home Rule Leagues prepared the ground for mass mobilization paving the way for the launch of Gandhi’s satyagraha movements. Many of the early Gandhian satyagrahis had been members of the Home Rule Leagues.
2. They used the organisational networks created by the Leagues to spread the Tilak method of agitation. Home Rule League was the first Indian political movement to monopolise across sectarian lines and have members from the Congress both Moderates and Extremists.
3. Only 1
4. Only 2
5. Both 1 and 2
6. None

Explanation

They used the organisational networks created by the Leagues to spread the Gandhian method of agitation. Home Rule League was the first Indian political movement to cut across sectarian lines and have members from the Congress, League, Theosophist and the Labourites.

35. Home Rule Movement declined after Besant accepted which propose?

1. Montagu– Chelmsford Reforms
2. Morley – Minto Reform
3. Mountbatten Reform
4. Simon Commission

Explanation

Home Rule Movement declined after Besant accepted the proposed Montagu– Chelmsford Reforms and Tilak went to Britain in September 1918 to pursue the libel case that he had filed against Valentine Chirol, the author of Indian Unrest.

36. Who transformed Commonwealth of India League (previously Indian Home Rule League) into the India League in 1929?

1. Jawaharlal Nehru
2. Vallabhbhai Patel
3. V. K. Krishna Menon
4. Gopalaswami Ayyangar

Explanation

The Indian Home Rule League was renamed the Commonwealth of India League and used to lobby British MPs in support of self-government for India within the empire, or dominion status along the lines of Canada and Australia. It was transformed by V.K. Krishna Menon into the India League in 1929.

37. In order to win over the “Moderates” and the Muslim League with a view to isolating the “Extremists” the British passed which Reforms in 1909?

1. Montagu– Chelmsford Reforms
2. Morley – Minto Reform
3. Mountbatten Reform
4. Simon Commission

Explanation

During the years prior to First World War the political condition of the India was in disarray. In order to win over the “Moderates” and the Muslim League with a view to isolating the “Extremists” the British passed the Minto– Morley Reforms in 1909. The Moderates observed a policy of wait and watch. The Muslim League welcomed the separate electorate accorded to them.

38. Which among the following statement is correct

1. In 1923 a new group of leaders joined the Muslim League. The most prominent among the league was Muhammad Ali Jinnah who was founder of Muslim League and demanded more reforms for the Muslims.
2. The First World War provided the objective conditions for the revolutionary activity in India. The revolutionaries wanted to make use of Britain’s difficulty during the War to their advantage. The Ghadar Movement was one of its outcomes.
3. The First World War had a major impact on the freedom movement. Initially, the British didn’t care for Indian support. Once the war theatre moved to West Asia and Africa the British were forced to look for Indian support. In this context Indian leaders decided to put pressure on the British Government for reforms.
4. Both 1 and 2
5. Both 1 and 3
6. Both 2 and 3
7. All 1, 2 and 3

Explanation

In 1913 a new group of leaders joined the League. The most prominent among them was Muhammad Ali Jinnah who was already a member of the Congress and demanded more reforms for the Muslims.

39. Who founded Pacific Coast Hindustan Association in 1913, with Sohan Singh Bhakna as its president?

1. Shivshankar Menon
2. Pran Nath Thapar
3. Krishna Varma
4. Lala Har Dayal

Explanation

Lala Har Dayal, who settled in San Francisco, founded Pacific Coast Hindustan Association in 1913, with Sohan Singh Bhakna as its president.

40. The Pacific Coast Hindustan Association was popularly called ____

1. Swaraj Party
2. Kraanti Party
3. Ghadar Party
4. Svayan Party

Explanation

The Pacific Coast Hindustan Association was popularly called Ghadar Party. (‘Ghadar’ means rebellion in Urdu.) The members of this party were largely immigrant Sikhs of US and Canada. The party published a journal called Ghadar. It began publication from San Francisco on November 1, 1913. Later it was published in Urdu, Punjabi, Hindi and other languages.

41. What was the name of the ship filled with Indian immigrants was turned back from Canada and on its return to India several of its passengers were killed or arrested in a clash with the British police?

1. Komagatamaru
2. Shivalikanru
3. Khanderisanaru
4. Arihandalur

Explanation

The Ghadar Movement was an important episode in India’s freedom struggle. A ship named Komagatamaru, filled with Indian immigrants was turned back from Canada. As the ship returned to India several of its passengers were killed or arrested in a clash with the British police. This incident left a deep mark on the Indian nationalist movement.

42. Where the Congress and Muslim League had their annual session in 1915?

1. Calcutta
2. Bombay
3. Lucknow
4. Ahmedabad

Explanation

The Congress and Muslim League had their annual session at Bombay in 1915 and spoke on similar tones. In October 1916, the Hindu and Muslim elected members of the Imperial Legislative Council addressed a memorandum to the Viceroy on the post-War reforms. The British Government was unmoved.

43. Which among the following statement is correct

1. The Congress and the League met at Madras in September 1916 and deliberated on the memorandum. It also agreed on the composition of the legislatures and the number of representations to be allowed to the two communities in the post-War reforms.
2. Parallel to this, Tilak and Besant were advocating Home Rule. Due to their efforts the Bombay session accepted to take back the extremist section and, consequently, the constitution of the Congress was altered. 1916 was therefore a historic year since the Congress, Muslim League and the Home Rule League held their annual sessions at Lucknow.
3. Only 1
4. Only 2
5. Both 1 and 2
6. None

Explanation

The Congress and the League met at Calcutta in November 1916 and deliberated on the memorandum. It also agreed on the composition of the legislatures and the number of representations to be allowed to the two communities in the post-War reforms.

44. Which congress president welcomed the extremists in 1916 at Lucknow?

1. Abdul Kalam Azad
2. Madan Mohan Malaviya
3. Ambika Charan Mazumdar
4. Jawaharlal Nehru

Explanation

Ambika Charan Mazumdar, Congress president welcomed the extremists: “… after ten years of painful separation … Indian National Party have come to realize the fact that united they stand, but divided they fall, and brothers have at last met brothers…” The Congress got its old vigour with extremists back into it.

45. Besant and Tilak also played an important role in bringing the Congress and the Muslim League together under what is popularly known as ____

1. Puna pact
2. Lucknow pact
3. Bombay pack
4. Benras pact

Explanation

Besant and Tilak also played an important role in bringing the Congress and the Muslim League together under what is popularly known as the Congress–League Pact or the Lucknow Pact. Jinnah played a pivotal role during the Pact. The agreements accepted at Calcutta in November 1916 were confirmed by the annual sessions of the Congress and the League in December 1916.

46. Which among the following statement regarding Provisions of the Lucknow Pact is correct

1. Provinces should be freed as much as possible from Central control in administration and finance. Four-fifths of the Central and Provincial Legislative Councils should be elected, and one-fifth nominated.
2. Two-fifths of the provincial and central legislatures were to be elected on as broad a franchise as possible. Half the executive council members, including those of the central executive council were to be Muslims elected by the British themselves.
3. The Governments, Central and Provincial, should be bound to act in accordance with resolutions passed by their Legislative Councils unless they were vetoed by the Governor-General or Governors–in– Council and, in that event, if the resolution was passed again after an interval of not less than one year, it should be put into effect.
4. Both 1 and 2
5. Both 1 and 3
6. Both 2 and 3
7. All 1, 2 and 3

Explanation

Four-fifths of the provincial and central legislatures were to be elected on as broad a franchise as possible. Half the executive council members, including those of the central executive council were to be Indians elected by the councils themselves.

47. Who called Jinnah, the chief architect of the Lucknow Pact, “the Ambassador of Hindu–Muslim Unity”?

1. Annie Besant
2. Vijayalakshmi Pandit
3. Sarojini Naidu
4. Kamala Suraiya

Explanation

The Lucknow Pact paved the way for Hindu Muslim Unity. Sarojini Naidu called Jinnah, the chief architect of the Lucknow Pact, “the Ambassador of Hindu–Muslim Unity”.

48. Which among the following statement is correct

1. The Congress did not agree to separate electorates for Muslims in provincial council elections and for preferences in their favour (beyond the proportions indicated by population) in all provinces except the Punjab and Bengal, where some ground was given to Muslim minorities.
2. The relations of the Secretary of State with the Government of India should be similar to those of the Colonial Secretary with the Governments of the Dominions, and India should have an equal status with that of the Dominions in any body concerned with imperial affairs.
3. The Lucknow Pact proved that the educated class both from the Congress and the League could work together with a common goal. This unity reached its climax during the Khilafat and the Non-Cooperation Movements.
4. Both 1 and 2
5. Both 1 and 3
6. Both 2 and 3
7. All 1, 2and 3

Explanation

The Congress also agreed to separate electorates for Muslims in provincial council elections and for preferences in their favour (beyond the proportions indicated by population) in all provinces except the Punjab and Bengal, where some ground was given to the Hindu and Sikh minorities.

49. Which among the following statement is correct regarding revolutionary groups

1. Parallel to the Congress there emerged revolutionary groups who attempted to overthrow away the British government through violence methods. The revolutionary movements constituted an important landmark in India’s freedom struggle.
2. It began in the end of the nineteenth century and gained its momentum from the time of the partition of Kashmir. The revolutionaries were the first to demand complete freedom. Delhi, Hyderabad, Mysore were the major centres of revolutionary activity. For a brief while Madras presidency was also an active ground of the revolutionary activity.
3. Only 1
4. Only 2
5. Both 1 and 2
6. None

Explanation

It began in the end of the nineteenth century and gained its momentum from the time of the partition of Bengal. The revolutionaries were the first to demand complete freedom. Maharashtra, Bengal, Punjab were the major centres of revolutionary activity. For a brief while Madras presidency was also an active ground of the revolutionary activity.

50. Match the following act with its corresponding year

1. The Explosive Substances Act 1. 1911
2. The Indian Press Act 2. 1908
3. The Defence of India Act 3. 1910
4. The Prevention of Seditious Meetings Act 4. 1915
5. 2 – 1 – 3 – 4
6. 3 – 4 – 1 – 2
7. 2 – 3 – 4 – 1
8. 3 – 1 – 3 – 2

Explanation

The Newspapers (Incitement to Offences) Act (1908) and the Explosives Substances Act (1908), and shortly thereafter the Indian Press Act (1910), and the Prevention of Seditious Meetings Act (1911) were passed. The Defence of India Act, 1915.

51. Which was created by Lord Curzon in 1903 to secretly collect information on the activities of nationalists?

1. Central Bureau of Investigation
2. Criminal Intelligence Department
3. Intelligence Bureau
4. British Vigilance Commission

Explanation

In order to crush the growing nationalist movement, the government adopted many measures. Lord Curzon created the Criminal Intelligence Department (CID) in 1903 to secretly collect information on the activities of nationalists.

52. Which year the Foreigners Ordinance was promulgated that restricted the entry of foreigners?

1. 1892
2. 1904
3. 1914
4. 1910

Explanation

The British suspected that some Indian nationalists were in contact with revolutionaries abroad. So, the Foreigners Ordinance was promulgated in 1914 which restricted the entry of foreigners. A majority of these legislations were passed in order to break the base of the revolutionary movements. The colonial state also resorted to banning meetings, printing and circulation of seditious materials for propaganda, and by detaining the suspects.

53. Which among the following statement regarding the Defence of India Act is correct

1. The Defence of India Regulations Act, it was an emergency criminal law enacted with the intention of curtailing the nationalist and revolutionary activities during the First World War. The Act allowed suspects to be tried by special tribunals each consisting of three Commissioners appointed by the Local Government.
2. The act empowered the tribunal to inflict sentences of death, transportation for life, and imprisonment of up to ten years for the violation of rules or orders framed under the act. The trail was to be in camera and the decisions were not subject to appeal.
3. Only 1
4. Only 2
5. Both 1 and 2
6. None

54. The Defence of India Act was later applied during which Conspiracy trial?

1. First Lahore Conspiracy trial
2. First Bombay Conspiracy trial
3. First Kabul Conspiracy trial
4. First Kochi Conspiracy trial

Explanation

The Defence of India Act was later applied during the First Lahore Conspiracy trial. This Act, after the end of First World War, formed the basis of the Rowlatt Act.

55. In the First World War the Sultan of Turkey sided with which power?

1. Allied Power
2. Triple Alliance
3. Axis Power
4. Neutral

Explanation

In the First World War the Sultan of Turkey sided with the Triple Alliance against the allied powers and attacked Russia. The Sultan was also the Caliph and was the custodian of the Islamic sacred places.

56. After the war, who decided to weaken the position of Turkey and the Treaty of Sevres was signed?

1. France
2. India
3. USA
4. Britain

Explanation

After the war, Britain decided to weaken the position of Turkey and the Treaty of Sevres was signed. The eastern part of the Turkish Empire such as Syria and Lebanon were mandated to France, while Palestine and Jordan became British protectorates. Thus, the allied powers decided to end the caliphate.

57. The dismemberment of whom in Turkey was seen as a blow to Islam after World War I?

1. Pope
2. Caliphate
3. Sultanate
4. Republic

Explanation

The allied powers decided to end the caliphate after World War I. The dismemberment of the Caliphate was seen as a blow to Islam. Muslims around the world, sympathetic to the cause of the Caliph, decided to oppose the move.

58. Muslims in India also organised themselves under the leadership of the Ali brothers started a movement known as ______

1. Maradeka Movement
2. Student Islamic Movement
3. Khilafat Movement
4. Alianza Movement

Explanation

Muslims in India also organised themselves under the leadership of the Ali brothers – Maulana Muhammad Ali and Maulana Shaukat Ali started a movement known as Khalifat Movement. The aim was to the support the Ottoman Empire and protest against the British rule in India.

59. The demands of the Khilafat Movement were presented by whom to the diplomats in Paris in March 1920?

1. Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
2. Sheikh Shaukat Ali Siddiqui
3. Mohammad Ali
4. Syed Ataullah Shah Bukhari

Explanation

Numerous Muslim leaders such as Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, M.A. Ansari, Sheikh Shaukat Ali Siddiqui and Syed Ataullah Shah Bukhari joined the movement. The demands of the Khilafat Movement were presented by Mohammad Ali to the diplomats in Paris in March 1920.

60. Which among the following demands of Khilafat Movement is incorrect

1. The Sultan of Turkey’s position of Caliph should not be disturbed. The Muslim sacred places must be handed over to the Sultan and should be controlled by him.
2. The Sultan must be left with original territory to enable him to defend the Islamic faith and The Jazirat-ul-Arab (Arabia, Syria, Iraq, Palestine) must remain under British sovereignty.
3. The demands of the movement had nothing do to with India but the question of Caliph was used as a symbol by the Khilafat leaders to unite the Indian Muslim community who were divided along regional, linguistic, class and sectarian lines.
4. Only 2
5. Only 3
6. Both 1 and 3
7. None

Explanation

The Sultan must be left with sufficient territory to enable him to defend the Islamic faith and The Jazirat-ul-Arab (Arabia, Syria, Iraq, Palestine) must remain under his sovereignty.

61. Who among the following said these word “A pan-Islamic symbol opened the way to panIndian Islamic political mobilization.”?

1. Atlaf Hussain Hail
2. Gail Minault
3. Hasrat Mohani
4. Syed Ahmed Khan

Explanation

In Gail Minault’s words: “A pan-Islamic symbol opened the way to panIndian Islamic political mobilization.” It was anti-British, which inspired Gandhi to support this cause in a bid to bring the Muslims into the mainstream of Indian nationalism. Gandhi also saw this as an opportunity to strengthen Hindu–Muslim unity.

62. Who in the Malabar interpreted the Urdu word khilaf (against) converted it into a banner of anti-landlord revolt?

1. Ossan
2. Thangals
3. Marakkars
4. Mappillas

Explanation

The Khilafat issue was interpreted differently by different sections. Lower-class Muslims in U.P. interpreted the Urdu word khilaf (against) and used it as a symbol of general revolt against authority, while the Mappillas of Malabar converted it into a banner of antilandlord revolt.

63. Introduction of machinery, new methods of production, concentration of factories in certain big cities gave birth to a new class of wage earners called _______

1. Secular Workers
2. Factory Workers
3. Scheduled Workers
4. Commune Workers

Explanation

Introduction of machinery, new methods of production, concentration of factories in certain big cities gave birth to a new class of wage earners called factory workers.

64. Who among the following raised their voice for protecting the interests of the industrial labourers?

1. Sorabjee Shapoorji
2. N.M. Lokhanday
3. Sasipada Banerjee
4. All the above

Explanation

In India, the factory workers, mostly drawn from villages, initially remained submissive and unorganised. Many leaders like Sorabjee Shapoorji and N.M. Lokhanday of Bombay and Sasipada Banerjee of Bengal raised their voice for protecting the interests of the industrial labourers.

65. After which Movement Indian industries began to thrive?

1. Khilafat Movement
2. Home Rule Movement
3. Swadeshi Movement
4. Non-Cooperative Movement

Explanation

In the aftermath of Swadeshi Movement (1905) Indian industries began to thrive. During the War the British encouraged Indian industries which manufactured war time goods. As the war progresed they wanted more goods so more workers were recruited.

66. The success of the which Revolution of 1917 also had its effect on Indian labour?

1. French Revolution
2. German Revolution
3. Bolshevik Revolution
4. Khalistan Revolution

Explanation

The success of the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917 also had its effect on Indian labour. A wave of ideas of class consciousness and enlightenment swept the world of Indian labours. The Indian soldiers who had fought in Europe brought the news of good labour conditions.

67. Which among the following statement is incorrect

1. Once the war ended workers were laid off and production cut down. Further prices increased dramatically in the post-War situation. India was also in the grip of a world-wide epidemic of influenza. In response labourers began to organize to fight and trade unions were formed to protect the interests of the workers.
2. The industrial unrest that grew up as a result of grave economic difficulties created by War, and the widening gulf between the employers and the employees, and the establishment of International Labour Organisation of the League of Nations brought mass awakening among the labours.
3. Only 1
4. Only 2
5. Both 1 and 2
6. None

68. Which was the first trade union in the modern sense formed in 1918?

1. Bombay Labour Union
2. Madras Labour Union
3. Calcutta Labour Union
4. Malabar Labour Union

Explanation

Madras played a pivotal role in the history of labour movement of India. The first trade union in the modern sense, the Madras Labour Union, was formed in 1918.

69. Who founded the Madras Labour Union in 1918?

1. N. M. Lokhanday
2. Sasipada Banerjee
3. B. P. Wadia
4. Natesa Mudaliar

Explanation

The Madras Labour Union was formed by B. P. Wadia in 1918. Short interval for mid-day meal, frequent assaults on workers by the European assistants and inadequate wages led to the formation of this union. This union adopted collective bargaining and used trade unionism as a weapon for class struggle.

70. Which among the following union is wrongly matched with its region?

1. Indian Seamen’s Union – Calcutta and Bombay
2. G.I.P. Railway Workers Union – Calcutta
3. M.S.M. Railwaymen’s Union – Bombay
4. Port Trust Employees Union – Bombay and Calcutta

Explanation

After Madras Labour Union this wave spread to other parts of India and many unions were formed at this time such as the Indian Seamen’s Union both at Calcutta and Bombay, the Punjab Press Employers Association, the G.I.P. Railway Workers Union Bombay, M.S.M. Railwaymen’s Union at Bombay, Union of the Postmen and Port Trust Employees Union at Bombay and Calcutta, the Jamshedpur Labour Association the Indian Colliery Employees Association of Jharia and the Unions of employees of various railways.

71. Which among the following statement is correct

1. To suppress the labour movement the Government, with the help of the capitalists, tried by all means to subdue the labourers. They imprisoned strikers, burnt their houses, and fined the unions, but the labourers were determined in their demands.
2. Nationalist leaders and intellectuals were not moved by the plight of the workers, later many of them worked towards organizing them into unions. Their involvement also led to the politicization of the working class, and added to the strength of the swaraj movement as most of the mills were owned by Indians who were supported by the government
3. Only 1
4. Only 2
5. Both 1 and 2
6. None

Explanation

Nationalist leaders and intellectuals were moved by the plight of the workers, and many of them worked towards organizing them into unions. Their involvement also led to the politicization of the working class, and added to the strength of the freedom movement as most of the mills were owned by Europeans who were supported by the government.

72. Where the representatives of 64 trade unions, with a membership of 140,854, met on 30 October 1920 and established the All India Trade Union Congress?

1. Madras
2. Calcutta
3. Bombay
4. Lucknow

Explanation

On 30 October 1920, representatives of 64 trade unions, with a membership of 140,854, met in Bombay and established the All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC).

73. Under whose chairmanship All India Trade Union Congress was established?

1. Bal Gangadhar Tilak
2. Lala Lajpat Rai
3. Jawaharlal Nehru
4. Vallabhbhai Patel

Explanation

All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC) was established under the Chairmanship of Lala Lajpat Rai. It was supported by national leaders like Motilal Nehru, Jawaharlal Nehru, C.R. Das, Vallabhbhai Patel, Subhash Chandra Bose and others from the Indian National Congress.

74. When Jallianwala Bagh massacre took place?

1. April 1908
2. April 1912
3. April 1924
4. April 1919

Explanation

The trade unions slowly involved themselves in the national movement. In April 1919 after the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre and Gandhi’s arrest, the working class in Ahmedabad and other parts of Gujarat resorted to strikes, agitations and demonstrations. Trade unions were not recognised by the capitalists or the government in the beginning. But the unity of the workers and the strength of their movement forced the both to recognise them.

75. Gandhi had been honoured with which medal for his humanitarian work in South Africa?

1. Purple Heart Gold Medal
2. Kaisari- Hind Gold Medal
3. Victoria Cross Medal
4. Partisan Star Gold Medal

Explanation

Gandhi had been honoured with KaisariHind gold medal for his humanitarian work in South Africa. He had also received the Zulu War silver medal for his services as an officer of the Indian volunteer ambulance corps in 1906.

76. During which war Gandhi served as assistant superintendent of the Indian volunteer stretcher-bearer corps?

1. Boer War
2. Crimean War
3. Mahdist War
4. Opium War

Explanation

Boer War silver medal for his services as assistant superintendent of the Indian volunteer stretcher-bearer corps during Boer War of 1899–1900. When Gandhi launched the scheme of non-cooperation in connection with Khilafat Movement, he returned all the medals saying, ‘…events that have happened during the past one month have confirmed in me the opinion that the Imperial Government have acted in the Khilafat matter in an unscrupulous, criminal and unjust manner and have been moving from wrong to wrong in order to defend their immorality.

77. The author of the book Indian Unrest was

1. Lala Lajpat Rai
2. Tilak
3. Valentine Chirol
4. Annie Besant

Explanation

The author of the book Indian Unrest was valentine Chirol