Nationalism: Gandhian Phase 10th Social Science Lesson 14 Questions in English
10th Social Science Lesson 14 Questions in English
14] Nationalism: Gandhian Phase
1. When Gandhi arrive India from South Africa?
a) 1916 c) 1915
b) 1917 d) 1910
Explanation
Mahatma Gandhi arrived in India in 1915 from South Africa after fighting for the civil rights of the Indians there for about twenty years.
2. Assertion (A): Gandhi was in South Africa for about twenty years.
Reasoning(R): He was practicing as a Lawyer in South Africa.
a) Both A and R is True and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R is True but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is True but R is False.
d) Both A and R is False.
Explanation
Mahatma Gandhi arrived in India in 1915 from South Africa after fighting for the civil rights of the Indians there for about twenty years. He brought with him a new impulse to Indian politics. He introduced Satyagraha which he had perfected in South Africa that could be practiced by men and women, young and old.
3. Where did Gandhi introduce Satyagraha?
a) South Africa c) India
b) London d) Pakistan
Explanation
Gandhi introduced Satyagraha in India which he had perfected in South Africa. As a person dedicated to the cause of the poorest of the poor he instantly gained the goodwill of the masses.
4. Choose the correct statements
i) Gandhi’s concept of Satyagraha was not accepted by the poor people.
ii) Gandhi adopted non-violent methods to mobilize the masses and pressurize the British Government.
a) i only c) both i and ii
b) ii only d) None of the above
Explanation
As a person Gandhi dedicated to the cause of the poorest of the poor he instantly gained the goodwill of the masses. Gandhi in contrast adopted nonviolent non-violent methods to mobilize the masses and mount pressure on the British.
5. When and where was Gandhi born?
a) 1869, Gujarat c) 1888, Bihar
b) 1860, Delhi d) 1882, Gujarat
Explanation
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born on 2 October 1869 into a well to do family in Porbandar, Gujarat.
6. Gandhi’s father Kaba Gandhi was the Diwan of _____ and ____.
a) Porbandar, Rajkot c) Porbandar, Surat
b) Surat, Pune d) Meerut, Indore
Explanation
Gandhi father Kaba Gandhi was the Diwan of Porbandar and later became the Diwan of Rajkot.
7. Who was the greatest influence of Gandhi in his young age?
a) Father c) Mother
b) Teacher d) Brother
Explanation
Gandhi mother Putlibai a devout Vaishanavite influenced the young Gandhi.
8. When Gandhi returned India as a Barrister?
a) 1893 c) 1891
b) 1890 d) 1880
Explanation
After passing the matriculation examination Gandhi sailed to England in 1888 to study law. After becoming a barrister in June 1891 Gandhi returned to India.
9. Assertion (A): Gandhi returned to India as a firm believer of British Justice.
Reasoning(R): Gandhi did not encounter any racial discrimination in London.
a) Both A and R is True and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R is True but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is True but R is False.
d) Both A and R is False.
Explanation
After becoming a barrister in June 1891 Gandhi returned to India as a firm believer in British sense of justice and fair play. His experiences in London had not prepared him for the racial discrimination he would encounter in South Africa.
10. What did Gandhi face for the first time in South Africa?
a) Poverty c) Racial discrimination
b) Unemployment d) Militant Activities
Explanation
A Gujarati firm in South Africa sought the services of Gandhi for assistance in a law-suit. Gandhi accepted the offer and left for South Africa in April 1893.Gandhi faced racial discrimination for the first time in South Africa on his journey from Durban to Pretoria at the Pietermaritzburg railway station.
11. Where Gandhi conducted meetings with the Indian people?
a) Turban c) Transvaal
b) Pretoria d) Pietermaritzburg
Explanation
Gandhi called a meeting of the Indians in the Transvaal and exhorted them to form an association to seek redress of their grievances. He continued to hold such meetings petitioned to the authorities about the injustices which were in violation of their own laws.
12. Gandhi was influenced by which of these books?
a) The Kingdom of god is within you c) Civil Disobedience
b) Unto this last d) All the above
Explanation
Gandhi was introduced to the works of Tolstoy and John Ruskin. He was deeply influenced by Tolstoy’s The Kingdom of God is Within You, Ruskin’s Unto this Last and Thoreau’s Civil Disobedience.
13. Assertion (A): Gandhi’s idea was followed only the Western thoughts.
Reasoning(R): Gandhi was highly critical of Western Civilization and Industrialization.
a) Both A and R is True and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R is True but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is False but R is True.
d) Both A and R is False.
Explanation
Gandhi’s ideas were formed due to a blend of Indian and Western thought. Despite being deeply influenced by Western thinkers he was highly critical of Western civilization and industrialization.
14. Match the timeline of the years and incidents in Gandhi’s life.
A. South Africa i) 1905
B. Tolstoy farm ii) 1888
C. England iii) 1893
D. Phoenix settlement iv) 1910
a) ii, iii, i, iv c) iv, i, iii, ii
b) i, iv, iii, ii d) iii, iv, ii, i
Explanation
Gandhi accepted the firm offer and left for South Africa in April 1893. After passing the matriculation examination Gandhi sailed to England in 1888 to study law. Inspired by Ruskin Gandhi established the Phoenix Settlement (1905) and the Tolstoy Farm (1910).
15. What were the issues faced by Gandhi in South Africa?
a) Immigration issues c) Poverty
b) Racial discrimination d) both a and b
Explanation
Gandhi experiment Satyagraha for fighting the issues of immigration and racial discrimination in South Africa.
16. What did abolished the poll tax on indentured laborers in South Africa?
a) Satyagraha movements c) People Protest
b) Smuts-Gandhi Agreement d) All the above
Explanation
By the Smuts-Gandhi Agreement the poll tax on indentured laborers was abolished. Gandhi’s stay in South Africa was a learning experience for him.
17. Which caused Gandhi to return India from South Africa?
a) First World War c) Family request
b) Political need in India d) New Job in India
Explanation
The First World War made Gandhi to return India from South Africa.
18. What were the troubles faced by the Indians in Transvaal?
a) A poll tax of 3$ c) Not permitted outdoors after 9 pm
b) Owning Land except their areas d) All the above
Explanation
Indians in the Transvaal had to pay a poll tax of £ 3, could not own land except in areas marked for them and could not move outdoors after 9 p.m. without a permit. Gandhi launched a struggle against such unjust laws.
19. State the policies and life style of the people in the settlements of Gandhi in South Africa?
a) Equality c) Dignity of labor
b) Community living d) All the above
Explanation
Inspired by Ruskin Gandhi established the Phoenix Settlement (1905) and the Tolstoy Farm (1910). Equality, community living and dignity of labor were inculcated in these settlements. They were training grounds for the satyagrahis.
20. Who was considered as the Political Guru of Gandhi in India?
a) Gopal Krishna Gokhale c) Motilal Nehru
b) Bipin Chandra Pal d) Annie Besant
Explanation
Gandhi regarded Gopal Krishna Gokhale whom he had met on previous visits to India as his political guru.
21. Assertion (A): Gandhi travelled across the country before entering into politics.
Reasoning(R): The travel enabled Gandhi to understand the conditions of the Indian people.
a) Both A and R is True and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R is True but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is True but R is False.
d) Both A and R is False.
Explanation
Gandhi travelled the length and breadth of the country before plunging into politics. This enabled him to understand the conditions of the people.
22. Where Gandhi decided to wear simple dhoti?
a) Tamil Nadu c) Kerala
b) Gujarat d) Karnataka
Explanation
In one of these journeys through Tamil Nadu that Gandhi decided to discard his following robes and wear a simple dhoti.
23. Assertion (A): Gandhi campaigned for the recruitment of Indians for the British army.
Reasoning(R): Gandhi considered himself as a responsible citizen of the British Empire.
a) Both A and R is True and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R is True but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is True but R is False.
d) Both A and R is False.
Explanation
Gandhi before returning to India visited England where he enlisted for the War to offer ambulance services. Considering himself a responsible citizen of the Empire he believed it was his duty to support England in its difficult times and even campaigned for the recruitment of Indians in the army.
24. The Champaran belongs to which of these Indian States?
a) Bihar c) Uttar Pradesh
b) Gujarat d) Maharashtra
Explanation
The Champaran in Bihar, Tinkathia system was practiced against the Indigo peasants.
25. What was the reason for the Champaran Satyagraha movement in India?
a) Indigo revolt c) Introduction of Synthetic dyes
b) Tinkathia System d) All the above
Explanation
In Champaran in Bihar the Tinkathia system was practiced. Under this exploitative system the peasants were forced by the European planters to cultivate indigo on three-twentieths of their land holdings.
26. Choose the correct statements regarding the Champaran events in Gandhi’s life.
i) Raj Kumar Shukla an agriculturist requested Gandhi to visit Champaran.
ii) Gandhi considered that the country had its first Civil Disobedience in Champaran.
iii) The Lieutenant Governor formed a committee including Gandhi to abolish the Tinkathia System.
a) i only c) iii only
b) ii only d) All the above
Explanation
Raj Kumar Shukla, an agriculturist from Champaran who suffered hardships of the system prevailed on Gandhi to visit Champaran. According to Gandhi, “The country thus had its first objection in Civil Disobedience”. The Lieutenant Governor eventually formed a committee with Gandhi as a member which recommended the abolition of the Tinkathia system.
27. Name the personalities who were assisting Gandhi in Champaran Movement?
a) Gopal Krishna Gokhale c) Rajendra Prasad
b) Brajkishore Prasad d) both b and c
Explanation
Gandhi was assisted by Brajkishore Prasad, a lawyer by profession and Rajendra Prasad who became the first President of independent India during the Champaran movement in Bihar.
28. The Champaran oppression to the peasants was caused by which of this sector of people?
a) Indigo Planters c) Farmers
b) Weavers d) Common people
Explanation
The Tinkathia system in Champaran, Bihar was a oppression to the peasants by the Indigo Planters.
29. Which of these helped Gandhi to establish as a Leader of mass struggle?
a) Champaran Satyagraha c) Kheda Satyagraha
b) Ahmedabad Mill strike d) All the above
Explanation
The success of Champaran Satyagraha followed by his fruitful intervention in Ahmedabad mill strike (1918) and the Kheda Satyagraha (1918) helped Gandhi establish himself as a leader of mass struggle.
30. Which was described as a Black Act by Gandhi?
a) The Government of India Act, 1919 c) Montagu Chelmsford reforms
b) Rowlatt Act d) None of the above
Explanation
The Rowlatt Act was enacted which provided for excessive police powers arrest without warrant and detention without trial. Gandhi called it a ‘Black Act’.
31. Assertion (A): The Government of India Act, 1919 did not transfer the real powers to the Indians.
Reasoning(R): The British Government began to enforce the permanent extension of war time Restrictions in India.
a) Both A and R is True and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R is True but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is True but R is False.
d) Both A and R is False.
Explanation
In the aftermath of the First World War people expected liberal political reforms from the British. The Government of India Act 1919 caused disappointment as it did not transfer real power to the Indians. Besides, the government began to enforce the permanent extension of war time restrictions.
32. When did Gandhi call for a nationwide Satyagraha against Rowlatt Act?
a) 6th April, 1919 c) 10th May, 1919
b) 16th May, 1919 d) 12th April, 1918
Explanation
Gandhi called Rowlatt Act as a ‘Black Act’ and in protest called for a nation-wide Satyagraha on 6 April 1919.
33. In which of these states the Anti-Rowlatt protest was severely followed?
a) Gujarat c) Bengal
b) Punjab d) Haryana
Explanation
The anti-Rowlatt protest was intense in Punjab especially in Amritsar and Lahore.
34. Choose the correct statements regarding the anti-Rowlatt protest in India.
i) Gandhi proposed a non-violent struggle with fasting and prayer against the Rowlatt Act.
ii) Gandhi was arrested for visiting Punjab.
iii) The Anti-Rowlatt protest became severe and intense in all over the country.
a) i only c) iii only
b) ii only d) All the above
Explanation
Gandhi called for a non-violent struggle with fasting and prayer and it was the earliest anticolonial struggle spread across the country. Gandhi was arrested and prevented from visiting Punjab. The anti-Rowlatt protest was intense in Punjab especially in Amritsar and Lahore.
35. Who were arrested in Amritsar for the Anti Rowlatt protest?
a) Dr.Saifuddin Kitchlew c) Gandhi
b) Dr.Satyapal d) Both a and b
Explanation
On 9 April two prominent local leaders Dr. Saifuddin Kitchlew and Dr.Satyapal were arrested in Amritsar leading to protests in which a few Europeans were killed. Martial law was declared.
36. When was the Jallianwalla Baugh Massacre happened?
a) 13th April, 1918 c) 10th August, 1919
b) 10th May, 1919 d) 13th April, 1919
Explanation
On 13 April 1919 a massacre happened in a public meeting at Jallianwala Baugh in Amritsar.
37. Choose the correct statements regarding the Jallian Walla Baugh Massacre.
i) Thousands of people were assembled in Amritsar to celebrate the Baisaki day.
ii) General Reginald Dyer ordered for the firing after warning the people.
iii) Tagore returned his knighthood and Gandhi his Kaiser-i-Hind medal to oppose this brutal massacre.
a) i only c) iii only
b) ii only d) All the above
Explanation
On 13 April 1919 a public meeting was arranged at Jallianwala Baugh in Amritsar as it happened to be Baisaki day. General Reginald Dyer, on hearing of the assemblage surrounded the place with his troops and an armored vehicle. The only entrance to the park that was surrounded on all sides by high walls was blocked and firing took place without any warning. The brutality enraged Indians. Rabindranath Tagore returned his knighthood and Gandhi surrendered his Kaiser-i-Hind medal.
38. When did the First World War end?
a) 1918 c) 1917
b) 1920 d) 1916
Explanation
The First World War came to an end in 1918.
39. What was the reason to start the Khilafat Movement?
a) To Oppose the Jallian Walla Baugh Massacre
b) In support of the Caliph of Turkey
c) For the Benefit of Muslims in India
d) In support of Gandhi’s Satyagraha
Explanation
The Caliph of Turkey who was considered the head of Muslims of the world was given a harsh treatment in the First World War. A movement was started his support called the Khilafat Movement.
40. Who started the Khilafat movement?
a) Maulana Mohamed Ali c) neither a or b
b) Maulana Shaukat Ali d) both a and b
Explanation
The Khilafat Movement was led by the Ali brothers, Maulana Mohamed Ali and Maulana Shaukat Ali. It aimed to restore the prestige and power of the Caliphate.
41. Who presided over the All India Khilafat conference in Delhi in 1919?
a) Gandhi c) Maulana Shaukat Ali
b) Maulana Mohamed Ali d) The Caliph of Turkey
Explanation
Gandhi presided over the All India Khilafat Conference held at Delhi in November 1919.
42. Why did Gandhi support the Khilafat Movement?
a) To support Muslim People
b) To organize Muslim people against the British Government
c) To Unite Hindus and Muslims
d) All the above
Explanation
Gandhi supported the Khilafat movement and saw in it an opportunity to unite Hindus and Muslims.
43. What were the proposals of Shaukat Ali in the Khilafat conference?
a) Bande Mataram c) Hindu-Mussalamanki Jai
b) Allaho Akbar d) All the above
Explanation
Gandhi supported Shaukat Ali’s proposal of three national slogans Allaho Akbar, Bande Mataram and Hindu-Mussalamanki Jai.
44. In which Khilafat meeting Gandhi’s non-violent non-cooperation program was adopted?
a) Pune c) Amritsar
b) Allahabad d) Delhi
Explanation
The Khilafat Committee meeting in Allahabad on 9 June 1920 adopted Gandhi’s non-violent noncooperation program.
45. When the Non-cooperation movement began in India?
a) 9th June, 1920 c) 10th August, 1919
b) 15th August, 1920 d) 1st August, 1920
Explanation
The Non-Cooperation began on 1 August 1920 in India.
46. The Non-cooperation movement was approved in which conference of the Indian National Congress?
a) Allahabad c) Bombay
b) Calcutta d) Lucknow
Explanation
The Indian National Congress approved the non-cooperation movement in a special session held in Calcutta on September 1920.
47. Who was the Chairperson for the Nagpur session of the Indian National Conference?
a) C.Vijayaragavachariyar c) Bala Gangadhar Tilak
b) Raja Gopalachari d) Jawaharlal Nehru
Explanation
The Non-cooperation movement was subsequently passed in the Nagpur Session held on December 1920 Chaired by Salem C.Vijayaragavachariyar.
48. State some of the features included in the Non-cooperation Movement.
a) Boycott of the legislature under the 1919 Act.
b) Boycott foreign Goods
c) Surrender of all titles of honors and honorary offices.
d) All the above
Explanation
The program of non-cooperation included:
- Surrender of all titles of honors and honorary offices.
- Non-participation in government functions.
- Suspension of practice by lawyers, and settlement of court disputes by private arbitration.
- Boycott of government schools by children and parents.
- Boycott of the legislature created under the 1919 Act.
- Non-participation in government parties and other official functions.
- Refusal to accept any civil or military post.
- Boycott of foreign goods and spreading the doctrine of Swadeshi.
49. What movement was announced by Gandhi in Bardouli, 1922?
a) Khilafat Movement c) Non-cooperation Movement
b) No-tax campaign d) Champaran Satyagraha
Explanation
Gandhi announced a no-tax campaign in Bardouli in February 1922. These movements greatly enhanced Gandhi’s reputation as a national leader especially the peasants.
50. Why did Gandhi withdraw the boycott of Prince Wales visit to India?
a) Chauri Chaura Incident c) Champaran Satyagraha
b) Non-cooperation Movement d) Khilafat Movement
Explanation
The boycott of the Prince of Wales’ visit to India was successful. During this boycott trade unions and workers participated actively. However Gandhi suddenly withdrew the movement because of the Chauri Chaura incident.
51. When did the Chauri Chaura incident happened?
a) 10th January, 1921 c) 10th July, 1922
b) 5th February, 1922 d) 10th April, 1924
Explanation
On 5 February 1922 a procession of the nationalists in Chauri Chaura a village near Gorakhpur in present-day Uttar Pradesh provoked by the police turned violent.
52. When was Gandhi released after the Chauri Chaura Incident?
a) 1922 c) 1925
b) 1924 d) 1926
Explanation
Gandhi was arrested and was released only in 1924 for participating in the Chauri Chaura incident.
53. Name the Congressman who was leading the pro-changers group?
a) C. Raja Gopalachari c) Jawaharlal Nehru
b) C.R. Das d) Gandhi
Explanation
Congress was divided into two groups as pro-changers and no changers. Some of the Congressmen led by Motilal Nehru and C.R. Das wanted to contest the elections and enter the legislature. They argued that the national interest could be promoted by working in the Legislative.
54. When was the Swaraj party formed?
a) 1923 c) 1920
b) 1922 d) 1924
Explanation
Despite the opposition C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru formed the Swaraj Party on 1 January 1923.
55. Assertion (A): Vallabhai Patel and Jawaharlal Nehru followed the Gandhian principles.
Reasoning(R): They wanted to continue with the Non-cooperation movement with the British Government.
a) Both A and R is True and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R is True but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is True but R is False.
d) Both A and R is False.
Explanation
Staunch followers of Gandhi like Vallabhai Patel, C. Rajaji and others known as no-changers wanted to continue non-cooperation with the government.
56. Choose the Incorrect statements regarding the Swaraj party.
i) The Swaraj party was formed by a special session of the Congress.
ii) They used the legislature participations to show the true nature of the colonial government.
iii) They refused to take charge of transferred subjects in Bengal.
a) i only c) iii only
b) ii only d) None of the above
Explanation
Despite the opposition C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru formed the Swaraj Party on 1 January 1923 which was later approved by a special session of the Congress. Swaraj Party members were elected in large numbers to the Imperial Legislative Assembly and the various Provincial Legislative Councils. They effectively used the legislature as a platform for propagation of nationalist ideas. In Bengal, they refused to take charge of transferred subjects as they did not want to cooperate with the government.
57. When did the Swaraj party withdraw from the Legislature?
a) 1935 c) 1920
b) 1919 d) 1926
Explanation
The Swaraj Party began to decline after the death of its leader C.R. Das in 1925. Some of the Swaraj Party members began to accept government offices. Swaraj Party withdrew from the legislatures in 1926.
58. Which of these Acts introduced the Dyarchy in India?
a) Rowlatt Act
b) The Government of India Act, 1919
c) The Government of India Act, 1935
d) The Montagu Chelmsford reforms
Explanation
Dyarchy, a system of dual government introduced under the Government of India Act 1919, divided the powers of the provincial government into Reserved and Transferred subjects.
59. Which of these were under the transferred subjects as per the India Government Act, 1919?
a) Defense c) Irrigation
b) Land Revenue d) Agriculture
Explanation
The Transferred Subjects that included local self-government, education, public health, public works, agriculture, forests and fisheries were left under the control of Indian ministers.
60. Which of these were introduced by the Government of India Act, 1935?
a) Dyarchy c) Complete Swaraj
b) Local Self Government d) Provincial Autonomy
Explanation
The Dyarchy system ended with the introduction of provincial autonomy in 1935.
61. Assertion (A): The Government of India Act, 1919 separated the powers of the Provincial
Government into the Reserved and Transferred subjects.
Reasoning(R): The Reserved Subjects included Finance, Defense, Justice and Land revenue were under the Control of the British.
a) Both A and R is True and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R is True but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is True but R is False.
d) Both A and R is False.
Explanation
The Government of India Act 1919 divided the powers of the provincial government into Reserved and Transferred subjects. The Reserved Subjects comprising finance, defense, the police, justice, land revenue, and irrigation were in the hands of the British.
62. The Chauri Chaura village belongs to which of these States in India?
a) Gujarat c) Rajasthan
b) Uttar Pradesh d) Maharashtra
Explanation
On 5 February 1922 a procession of the nationalists in Chauri Chaura, a village near Gorakhpur in present-day Uttar Pradesh provoked by the police turned violent.
63. Which of these methods was used by Gandhi to train the people for a non-violent struggle?
a) Promoting Khadi c) Abolition of Untouchability
b) Hindu-Muslim Unity d) All the above
Explanation
After the Chauri Chaura incident Gandhi felt that the volunteers and the people had to be trained for a non-violent struggle. As a part of this effort he focused on promoting Khadi, Hindu-Muslim unity and the abolition of untouchability.
64. Who was the leader of the Hindu Mahajana Sabha?
a) Madhan Mohan Malviya c) Swami Dayanandha
b) Bagha Jatin d) Shyamji Krishnavarma
Explanation
The 1920s saw a series of communal riots between the Hindus and the Muslims. Hindu Mahasabha was gaining in popularity under Madhan Mohan Malviya.
65. Name the other person along with Gandhi who believed that Swaraj was the possibility of Hindu-Muslim Unity?
a) Jawaharlal Nehru c) Ali Brothers
b) Subhash Chandra Bose d) Muhammad Ali Jinnah
Explanation
Some Serious efforts by Gandhi and Muhammad Ali Jinnah who at that time believed Swaraj was possible only with Hindu-Muslim unity failed to stem the communal riots.
66. When did Gandhi take a 21 day fasting program against the communal politics?
a) 1920 c) 1924
b) 1922 d) 1925
Explanation
Gandhi undertook a 21-day a fast in between 1924 to appeal to the hearts of the Hindus and Muslims involved in communal politics.
67. What announcement was made by the British Government in the year 1927?
a) Dyarchy c) The Indian Statutory Commission
b) Provincial Autonomy d) Local Self Government
Explanation
On 8 November 1927, the British Government announced the appointment of the Indian Statutory Commission. Composed of seven members headed by Sir John Simon it came to be widely known as the Simon Commission.
68. Choose the Incorrect statements regarding the Simon commission.
i) It is composed of seven members headed by Sir John Simon.
ii) It was an All-white commission with no Indian member.
iii) The Muslim league approved the Simon commission.
a) i only c) iii only
b) ii only d) None of the above
Explanation
On 8 November 1927, the British Government announced the appointment of the Indian Statutory Commission. Composed of seven members headed by Sir John Simon it came to be widely known as the Simon Commission. It was an all-white commission with no Indian member. Indians were angered that they had been denied the right to decide their own constitution. All sections of India including the Congress and the Muslim League decided to boycott the commission.
69. Name the freedom fighter assaulted in the Lahore protest?
a) Lala Lajpat Rai c) C.R. Das
b) Bipin Chandra Pal d) Motilal Nehru
Explanation
Wherever the Simon Commission went there were protests and black flag marches with the slogan ‘Go Back Simon’. The protesters were brutally assaulted by the police. In one such assault in Lahore, Lal Lajpat Rai was seriously injured and died a few days later.
70. Which movement united the different political parties in India?
a) Khadi Movement c) The Simon boycott
b) Swadeshi Shops d) Non-cooperation movement
Explanation
The Simon boycott united the different political parties in India.
71. What was the objective of an all party conference in the year 1928?
a) Boycott the Simon Commission c) To frame a constitution for India
b) Non-cooperation movement d) To unite all the Political parties in India.
Explanation
An all party conference was held in 1928 with the objective to frame a constitution for India as an alternative to the Simon Commission proposals.
72. Under whose leadership the basic principles of Indian Constitution were drafted in the year 1928?
a) Jawaharlal Nehru c) Raja Gopalachari
b) Motilal Nehru d) Gandhi
Explanation
A committee under the leadership of Motilal Nehru was formed to outline the principles on the basis of which the constitution was to be drafted. The committee’s report known as the Nehru Report.
73. What were the recommendations of the Nehru’s report?
a) Dominion status for India.
b) Elections for the Central and Provincial legislature
c) Provision of Fundamental Rights and Universal Adult Franchise
d) All the above
Explanation
The Nehru Report recommended,
- Dominion status for India.
- Elections of the Central Legislature and the Provincial Legislatures on the basis of joint and mixed electorates.
- Reservation of seats for Muslims in the Central Legislature and in provinces.
- Provision of fundamental rights, and universal adult franchise.
74. What were the proposals of Jinnah?
a) An amendment for the reservation of seats in the Central Legislature
b) One-third of seats in the Central legislature for Muslims.
c) Fourteen point proposals.
d) All the above
Explanation
Jinnah proposed an amendment to the reservation of seats in the Central Legislature. He demanded that one-third of the seats be reserved for Muslims. However it was defeated in the All Party Conference. Later he proposed a resolution which came to be known as Jinnah’s Fourteen Points. However it was also rejected.
75. Who was supporting the Jinnah’s proposals?
a) Khan Abdul Kabhar Khan c) Tej Bahadur Sapru
b) Gandhi d) Lord Mount Batten
Explanation
Jinnah proposed an amendment to the reservation of seats in the Central Legislature. He demanded that one-third of the seats be reserved for Muslims. Tej Bahadur Sapru supported him and pleaded that it would make no big difference.
76. Poorna Swaraj was declared in which of this Indian National Congress session?
a) Lucknow c) Calcutta
b) Lahore d) Pune
Explanation
In the Congress session held in Lahore in December 1929 with Jawaharlal Nehru as the President Poorna Swaraj was declared as the goal. It was also decided to boycott the Round Table Conference and launch a Civil Disobedience Movement.
77. What were the important decisions made along with the Poorna Swaraj?
a) Boycott the Round Table Conference
b) Launch a Civil Disobedience movement
c) 26th Jan, 1930 was declared as Independence day.
d) All the above
Explanation
In the Congress session held in Lahore in December 1929 with Jawaharlal Nehru as the President, Poorna Swaraj was declared as the goal. It was also decided to boycott the Round Table Conference and launch a Civil Disobedience Movement. 26 January 1930 was declared as Independence Day.
78. Who was authorized by the Indian National Congress to launch the civil disobedience movement in India?
a) Gandhi c) Subhash Chandra Bose
b) Jawaharlal Nehru d) Rajaji
Explanation
The Indian National Congress authorized Gandhi to launch the Civil Disobedience movement.
79. Who was acting as the Viceroy of India at the Salt Satyagraha Movement?
a) Lord Irwin c) Lord Wavell
b) Lord Mount Batten d) Lord Cornwallis
Explanation
During the Salt Satyagraha Movement a charter of demands presented to the Viceroy Lord Irwin.
80. What were the demands presented to the Lord Irwin by the charter in 31st January 1930?
a) Reduction of army and civil services expenditure.
b) To release all political prisoners
c) Reduction of Land revenue by 50%.
d) All the above
Explanation
A charter of demands presented to the Viceroy Lord Irwin with an ultimatum to comply by 31 January 1930 included:
- Reduction of expenditure on army and civil services by 50%
- Introduction of total prohibition
- Release of all political prisoners
- Reduction of land revenue by 50%
- Abolition of salt tax.
81. Assertion (A): Gandhi launched the Civil Disobedience Movement.
Reasoning(R): The Viceroy did not respond to the Charter of demands.
a) Both A and R is True and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R is True but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is True but R is False.
d) Both A and R is False.
Explanation
When the Viceroy Irwin did not respond to the charter of demands, Gandhi launched the Civil Disobedience Movement. The inclusion of abolition of salt tax was a brilliant tactical decision.
82. Which of these made the Civil disobedience movement into mass movements?
a) Abolition of salt tax c) Release of all political prisoners
b) Gandhi was leading the Movement d) Reduction of Land revenue by 50%
Explanation
Salt was an issue which affected every section of the society. It transformed Civil Disobedience Movement into a mass movement drawing all sections of the population including women to the streets.
83. From where Gandhi started his procession against the salt tax?
a) Dandi c) Gujarat
b) Sabarmati Ashram d) Rajasthan
Explanation
At the break of dawn on 12 March 1930 Gandhi set out from Sabarmati Ashram with 78 of its in mates. The procession became larger and larger when hundreds joined them along the march. At the age of 61 Gandhi covered a distance of 241 miles in 24 days to reach Dandi at sunset on 5 April 1930.
84. Which of these states conducted the salt marches?
a) Kerala c) Andhra Pradesh
b) Bengal d) All the above
Explanation
In Tamil Nadu, C. Rajaji led a similar salt march from Tiruchirappalli to Vedaranyam. Salt marches took place in Kerala, Andhra and Bengal.
85. Which of these was organized by Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan in support of the Salt marches?
a) Khidmatgar c) Civil disobedience
b) Red Shirts d) both a and b
Explanation
In the North West Frontier Province Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan led the Salt march movement. He organized the Khudai Khidmatgar, also known as the Red Shirts.
86. Assertion (A): The British Government crushed the civil disobedience movements with brutal force.
Reasoning(R): The soldiers of the Garhwali regiment refused to fire on unarmed satyagrahis.
a) Both A and R is True and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R is True but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is True but R is False.
d) Both A and R is False.
Explanation
The British Government crushed the slat movement with brutal force, causing in many casualties. The soldiers of the Garhwali regiment refused to fire on unarmed satyagrahis.
87. Who claims the ownership of the forests in India as per the Indian Forests Act, 1878?
a) The State Government c) The Kings of the region
b) The Tribal people d) The Zamindhars
Explanation
The Indian Forest Act of 1878 claimed that original ownership of forests was with the state. Waste lands and fallow lands were included as forest.
88. Who was leading the most striking tribal struggle against the British?
a) Alluri Sitarama Raju c) Kanu
b) Birsa Munda d) Sidhu
Explanation
The most striking evidence of continuing struggles of the tribal groups was the one waged by Alluri Sitarama Raju in Rampa. Raju made Adivasi areas in the Eastern Ghats.
89. When was the first Round Table conference held?
a) November 1930 c) June 1931
b) August 1929 d) December 1931
Explanation
In the midst of all the movements in India, the First Round Table Conference was held at London in November 1930.
90. Who was the British Prime Minister at the time of First Round Table Conference?
a) Ramsay Macdonald c) Winston Churchill
b) Clement Atlee d) Stanley Baldwin
Explanation
Ramsay Macdonald the British Prime Minister, proposed a federal government with provincial autonomy the First Round Table Conference.
91. What was announcement made for India by the British Prime Minister in the First Round Table Conference?
a) Federal Government with Provincial Autonomy
b) Complete Independence
c) Provincial Autonomy
d) Dyarchy System
Explanation
Ramsay Macdonald the British Prime Minister, proposed a federal government with provincial autonomy the First Round Table Conference.
92. Choose the Incorrect statements regarding the First Round Table Conference in London.
i) The Members of Indian National Congress attended the Conference.
ii) Gandhi was released after the Conference unconditionally.
iii) There was a deadlock over the issue of the separate electorates for the minorities.
a) i only c) iii only
b) ii only d) All the above
Explanation
In the midst of the movement the First Round Table Conference was held at London in November 1930. Ramsay Macdonald, the British Prime Minister, proposed a federal government with provincial autonomy. There was a deadlock over the question of separate electorates for the minorities. The Congress did not attend it as its leaders were in jail. The Conference closed without any decision on the question. It was clear that without Congress participation the discussions were of no value. Gandhi was released unconditionally.
93. When the Gandhi-Irwin pact was signed?
a) 1930 c) 1929
b) 1931 d) 1932
Explanation
Lord Irwin held talks with Gandhi which resulted in the Gandhi–Irwin Pact on 5 March 1931.
94. What were the results of the Gandhi-Irwin pact?
a) Immediate release of all Political prisoners
b) Return of confiscated land
c) Permitted the coastal people to make salt.
d) All the above
Explanation
The British agreed to the demand of immediate release of all political prisoners not involved in violence, return of confiscated land and lenient treatment of government employees who had resigned. It also permitted the people of coastal villages to make salt for consumption and non-violent picketing. The Congress agreed to suspend the Civil Disobedience Movement and attend the conference.
95. Assertion (A): Gandhi did not attend the Second round Table Conference on 1931.
Reasoning(R): Gandhi opposed the separate electorate for the minorities and the second conference ended without any result.
a) Both A and R is True and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R is True but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is False but R is True.
d) Both A and R is False.
Explanation
Gandhi attended the Second Round Table Conference which began on 7 September 1931. Gandhi refused to accept separate electorates for minorities. As a result, the second conference ended without any result.
96. When the Third Round Table conference was conducted?
a) 1932 c) 1934
b) 1935 d) 1936
Explanation
The Third Round Table Conference was held from 17 November to 24 December 1932. The Congress did not participate in the conference as it had revived the Civil Disobedience Movement.
97. State the Incorrect statements regarding the Communal awards.
i) On 17th November 1932, Ramsay MacDonald announced the Communal Award.
ii) It provided separate electorates to the minorities which included the depressed classes.
iii) B.R.Ambedkar supported the separate electorate for the depression classes.
a) i only c) iii only
b) ii only d) None of the above
Explanation
On 16 August 1932, Ramsay MacDonald announced the Communal Award. It provided separate electorates to the minorities, Muslims, Sikhs, Indian Christians, Anglo-Indians and women and the “depressed classes”. Gandhi strongly opposed the inclusion of depressed classes in the list of minorities. B.R. Ambedkar, the leader of the depressed classes, strongly argued for the separate electorate, as it, according to him, would give them political representation and power.
98. When Gandhi went on a fast until death against the separate electorates for the depressed classes?
a) September, 1932 c) August, 1934
b) June, 1931 d) December, 1935
Explanation
On 20 September 1932, Gandhi went on a fast unto death against the separate electorates for the depressed classes.
99. What were the features of the Poona Pact?
i) Joint electorate was accepted with reservation for depressed classes.
ii) The Seats for depressed classes was increased from 71 to 148.
iii) In the Central legislature it was 18% of the total seats.
a) i only c) iii only
b) ii only d) All the above
Explanation
The Poona Pact main terms were:
- The principle of separate electorates was abandoned.
- The principle of joint electorate was accepted with reservation of seats for the depressed classes.
- Reserved seats for the depressed classes were increased from 71 to 148.
- In the Central Legislature 18 percent of the seats were reserved.
100. What was Gandhi’s contribution towards the abolition of Untouchability in India?
i) All India tour called the Harijan Tour.
ii) He started Harijan Sevak Sangh to work for removal of discriminations.
iii) Observed the Temple Entry Movement on January 1933.
a) i only c) iii only
b) ii only d) All the above
Explanation
Gandhi devoted few years towards abolition of untouchability. He undertook an all-India tour called the Harijan Tour. He started the Harijan Sevak Sangh to work for the removal of discriminations. He worked to promote education, cleanliness and hygiene and giving up of liquor among the depressed class. An important part of the campaign was the Temple Entry Movement.8 January 1933 was observed as ‘Temple Entry Day’.
101. When and where the Communist Party of India was founded?
a) 1921, France c) 1920, Germany
b) 1920, Uzbekistan d) 1922, Delhi
Explanation
Inspired by the Russian Revolution of 1917 the Communist Party of India (CPI) was founded at Tashkent, Uzbekistan in October 1920.
102. Which year Russian Revolution inspired to form the Indian Communist party?
a) 1912 c) 1916
b) 1917 d) 1914
Explanation
Inspired by the Russian Revolution of 1917 the Communist Party of India (CPI) was founded at Tashkent, Uzbekistan in October 1920.
103. Name the members associated with the Indian Communist Party?
a) M.N. Roy c) M.P.T. Acharya
b) Abani Mukherjee d) All the above
Explanation
M.N. Roy, Abani Mukherjee, and M.P.T. Acharya were some of the founding members of the Communist Party of India.
104. Who gave the Presidential Address in the All India Communist Conference held at Kanpur?
a) Singaravelar c) S.A. Dange
b) M.N. Roy d) Muzaffar Ahmed
Explanation
In an attempt to form a party an All India Communist Conference was held at Kanpur in 1925. Singaravelar gave the Presidential Address. It led to the founding of the Communist Party of India in Indian soil.
105. Assertion (A): The All India Communist Conference held at Kanpur led to found the Communist Party in Indian soil.
Reasoning(R): The Communist party efforts led to establish the All India workers and Peasants Party in 1928.
a) Both A and R is True and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R is True but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is False but R is True.
d) Both A and R is False.
Explanation
In an attempt to form a party an All India Communist Conference was held at Kanpur in 1925. It led to the founding of the Communist Party of India in Indian soil. Their efforts eventually led to the establishment of the All India Workers’ and Peasants’ Party in 1928.
106. Match
A. 1924 i) Kanpur Conspiracy case
B. 1929 ii) Hindustan Socialist Republican Association
C. M.Singaravaelar iii) Hindustan Republican Army
D. Sukhdev iv) Meerut Conspiracy Case
a) i, iii, iv, ii c) ii, i, iv, iii
b) ii, iii, iv, i d) iii, iv, i, ii
Explanation
In 1924 Hindustan Republican Army (HRA) was formed in Kanpur to overthrow the colonial rule by an armed rebellion. M.N. Roy, S.A. Dange, Muzaffar Ahmed, M. Singaravelar among others were arrested and tried in the Kanpur Conspiracy Case of 1924. Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and their comrades reorganized the HRA in Punjab. Influenced by socialist ideas they renamed it as Hindustan Socialist Republican Association in 1928. The progress of the Communist Party of India was halted with the Meerut Conspiracy Case in 1929.
107. Who were involved in the Kokoris transparency case?
a) Rajguru c) Bhagat Singh
b) Ashfaqulla Khan d) Sukhdev
Explanation
In 1925 Ram Prasad Bismil, Ashfaqulla Khan and others held up a train carrying government money and looted in Kakori, a village near Lucknow. They were arrested and tried in the Kakori Conspiracy Case. Four of them were sentenced to death while the others were sentenced to imprisonment.
108. When the Hindustan Socialistic Republican Association was formed?
a) 1927 c) 1930
b) 1928 d) 1929
Explanation
Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and their comrades reorganized the HRA in Punjab. Influenced by socialist ideas they renamed it as Hindustan Socialist Republican Association in 1928.
109. Choose the correct statements.
i) In 1929, Bhagat Singh and B.K. Dutt threw smoke bomb inside the Central Legislative Assembly.
ii) Sanders, British Police Officer was assassinated for the Lathi charge led to Lala Lajpat Rai’s death.
iii) Bhagat Singh and Dutt were arrested for assassinating Sanders.
a) i only c) iii only
b) ii only d) All the above
Explanation
Sanders, a British police officer, responsible for the lathi charge that led to Lala Lajpat Rai’s death was assassinated. Bhagat Singh along with B.K. Dutt threw a smoke bomb inside the Central Legislative Assembly in 1929. It was not intended to hurt anyone. He along with Rajguru was arrested and sentenced to death.
110. Who carried out the Chittagong Armory Raid in the year 1930?
a) Bhagat Singh c) Surya Sen
b) Ashfaqulla Khan d) B.K. Dutt
Explanation
In April 1930, the Chittagong Armory Raid was carried out by Surya Sen and his associates. They captured the armories in Chittagong and proclaimed a provisional revolutionary government.
111. Who formed the Congress Socialist Party?
a) Jayaprakash Narayan c) Minoo Masani
b) Acharya Narendra Dev d) All the above
Explanation
In 1934 the Congress Socialist Party was formed by Jayaprakash Narayan, Acharya Narendra Dev and Minoo Masani. They believed that nationalism was the path to socialism and that they would work within the Congress. They worked to make Congress pro-peasant and pro-worker.
112. What was the cause for the Government of India Act, 1935?
a) Foundation of Communist Party in India c) The Revolutionary Activities
b) The Civil Disobedience Movements d) The Left Movements in 1930’s
Explanation
The Government of India Act 1935 was one of the important positive outcomes of the Civil Disobedience Movement.
113. What was the key feature of the Government of India Act, 1935?
a) Provincial Autonomy c) Dyarchy was abolished
b) Dyarchy at Centre d) Both a and b
Explanation
The Government of India Act 1935 was one of the important positive outcomes of the Civil Disobedience Movement. The key features of the Act were provincial autonomy and Dyarchy at the center. The Act also provided autonomy to the provinces.
114. Which country was separated from India by the 1935 Government of India Act?
a) Bangladesh c) Sri Lanka
b) Burma d) Pakistan
Explanation
The Government of India Act 1935 was one of the important positive outcomes of the Civil Disobedience Movement by this Act Burma was separated from India.
115. State the Correct statements regarding the Government of India Act, 1935.
i) All the subjects were transferred to the Control of Indian Ministers.
ii) The Franchise was based on property.
a) i only c) Both i and ii
b) ii only d) None of the above
Explanation
The Government of India Act 1935 was one of the important positive outcomes of the Civil Disobedience Movement. The key features of the Act were provincial autonomy and Dyarchy at the center. The Act also provided autonomy to the provinces. All the subjects were transferred to the control of Indian ministers. Dyarchy that was in operation in provinces was now extended to the central government. The franchise, based on property was extended though only about ten percent of the population enjoyed the right to vote.
116. In how many provinces Congress got the majority in the 1937 elections?
a) 7 c) 9
b) 8 d) 11
Explanation
The Government of India Act 1935 was implemented with the announcement of elections in 1937. The Congress immensely benefitted because of the Civil Disobedience Movement. The Congress called off its program of boycott of legislature and contested elections. It emerged victorious in seven out of the eleven provinces.
117. Why did the Congress ministers resigned from their posts?
a) The Second World War broke out in 1939.
b) The Colonial Government of India entered the war without consulting the Congress Ministers.
c) Jinnah demanded a separate state for Muslims.
d) Subhash Chandra Bose became the President of the Congress.
Explanation
In 1939 the Second World War broke out. The colonial government of India entered the War on behalf of the Allies without consulting the Congress ministries. The Congress ministries resigned in protest.
118. Who was defeated by the Subhash Chandra Bose in the President election of Indian National Congress in the year 1939?
a) Pattabhi Sitaramaya c) Muhammad Sadullah
b) Mohammad Ali Jinnah d) Jawaharlal Nehru
Explanation
In 1939 Subhash Chandra Bose became the President of the Congress by defeating Pattabhi Sitaramaya, the candidate of Gandhi. When Gandhi refused to cooperate, Subhash Chandra Bose resigned his post and started the Forward Bloc.
119. When the ban for the Communist party was lifted in India?
a) 1940 c) 1936
b) 1942 d) 1939
Explanation
In 1942 the British Government lifted the ban on the Communist Party of India for supporting in Second World War.
120. Assertion (A): The Communists initially opposed the Second World War calling it an imperialist War.
Reasoning(R): They called as a People’s War and supported it as the Nazi attacked the Soviet Union.
a) Both A and R is True and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R is True but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is False but R is True.
d) Both A and R is False.
Explanation
The Communists initially opposed the Second World War, calling it an imperialist war. However, with the Nazi attack on the Soviet Union, they called it the ‘People’s War’ and offered cooperation to the British. As a result, in 1942, the ban on the Communist Party of India was lifted.
121. Who conceived the idea of Pakistan?
a) Jinnah c) Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh
b) Rahmat Ali d) Muhammad Iqbal
Explanation
In 1933, Rahmat Ali a student of Cambridge University conceived the idea of Pakistan, comprising the provinces of Punjab, Kashmir, North West Frontier Province, Sind and Baluchistan.
122. Who was the first person to start the Individual Satyagraha?
a) Gandhi c) Vinobha Bhave
b) Sardar Vallabhai Patel d) Singaravelar
Explanation
Gandhi declared limited Satyagraha which would be offered by a few individuals. The objective was to convey to the world that though India was opposed to Nazism it did not enter the War voluntarily. Vinobha Bhave was the first to offer Satyagraha on 17 October 1940.
123. Assertion (A): On 22 March 1942, The British government sent a Cabinet Mission under Sir Strafford Cripps.
Reasoning(R): The Congress rejected the Missions proposals as Britain was not ready to transfer effective power immediately.
a) Both A and R is True and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R is True but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is False but R is True.
d) Both A and R is False.
Explanation
On 22 March 1942, the British government sent a mission under Cabinet Minister Sir Strafford Cripps as the Japanese knocked on the doors of India. The negotiations between the Cripps Mission and the Congress failed as Britain was not willing to transfer effective power immediately.
124. Where did the Congress pass the Quit India Resolution to end the British rule in India?
a) Pune c) Lucknow
b) Madras d) Bombay
Explanation
The All India Congress Committee that met at Bombay on 8 August 1942 passed the famous Quit India Resolution demanding an immediate end to British rule in India.
125. Who established the underground Congress Radio?
a) Aruna Asaf Ali c) Jayaprakash Narayan
b) Ramanand Misra d) Usha Mehta
Explanation
Usha Mehta established Congress Radio underground which successfully functioned till November 1942.
126. Where did Subhash Chandra Bose form a Provisional Government for India?
a) Afghanistan c) Japan
b) Soviet Union d) Singapore
Explanation
Subhash Chandra Bose formed the Provisional Government of Free India in Singapore.
127. Name the brigades name of the Indian National Army?
a) Nehru Brigade c) Rani of Jhansi Brigade
b) Gandhi Brigade d) All the above
Explanation
In February 1943, Subhash Chandra Bose made his way to Japan on a submarine and took control of the Indian National Army. Bose reorganized it into three brigades: Gandhi Brigade, Nehru Brigade and a women’s brigade named after Rani of Jhansi.
128. Match
A. Dilli Chalo i) Bhagat Singh
B. Do or Die ii) Jinnah
C. Inquilab Zindabad iii) Gandhi
D. Direct Action Day iv) Subhash Chandra Bose
a) ii, iv, iii, i c) iii, ii, iv, i
b) iii, iv, ii, i d) iv, iii, i, ii
Explanation
Bhagat Singh along with B.K. Dutt threw a smoke bomb inside the Central Legislative Assembly in 1929. It was not intended to hurt anyone. They threw pamphlets and shouted ‘Inquilab Zindabad’ and ‘Long Live the Proletariat. The All India Congress Committee that met at Bombay on 8 August 1942 passed the famous Quit India Resolution demanding an immediate end to British rule in India. Gandhi gave a call to do or die Subhash Chandra Bose formed the Provisional Government of Free India in Singapore. He gave the slogan ‘Dilli Chalo. Jinnah declared 16 August 1946 as the ‘Direct Action Day’.
129. Who were the members of the Congress Defense Committee?
a) Bhulabhai Desai c) Bahadur Sapru
b) Asaf Ali d) All the above
Explanation
The Congress set up a defense committee comprising Nehru, Tej Bahadur Sapru, Bhulabhai Desai and Asaf Ali.
130. Who started a revolt in the year 1946 at Bombay?
a) The Royal Indian Navy c) The Congress leaders
b) The Muslim League d) The Communist Party of India
Explanation
The Royal Indian Navy ratings revolted at Bombay in February 1946. It soon spread to other stations involving more than 20,000 ratings. Similar strikes occurred in the Indian Air Force and the Indian Signal Corps at Jabalpur.
131. Assertion (A): The British Government won the armed forces revolt in India.
Reasoning(R): The British surrender to the Japan left it completely weakened.
a) Both A and R is True and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R is True but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is False but R is True.
d) Both A and R is False.
Explanation
The British hegemonic control ceased even in the armed forces. Despite the victory in the War, it left the British completely weakened. British surrender in South-East Asia to the Japanese was a big blow to imperial prestige. All the political leaders were released and the ban on Congress was lifted.
132. When the Wavell plan was announced?
a) 1943 c) 1945
b) 1947 d) 1946
Explanation
The Wavell Plan was announced on 14 June 1945 provided for an interim government in India.
133. What were the key features of the Wavell plan?
a) Except war portfolio all were under the control of Indian Ministers.
b) It provided an Interim Government.
c) Equal number of Hindu and Muslim members in the Viceroy’s Executive Council.
d) All the above
Explanation
The Wavell Plan was announced on 14 June 1945. It provided for an interim government, with an equal number of Hindus and Muslims in the Viceroy’s Executive Council. All portfolios, except war portfolio was to be held by Indian ministers.
134. What were the conclusions of the Shimla Conference?
a) The Congress and Muslim League could not come to an agreement.
b) Jinnah demanded all Muslims members from the Muslim League.
c) Jinnah claimed a veto on all important matters.
d) All the above
Explanation
In the Shimla Conference, the Congress and the Muslim League could not come to an agreement. Jinnah demanded that all the Muslim members should be from the Muslim League and they should have a veto on all important matters.
135. According to the 1946 elections in India,
i) The Congress won most of the seats.
ii) The Muslim League won very few seats reserved for them.
iii) The Muslim League won most of the seats reserved for the Muslims.
a) i and ii only c) iii only
b) ii only d) i and iii only
Explanation
In the provincial elections held in early 1946 the Congress won most of the general seats and the Muslim League won most of the seats reserved for the Muslims thus bolstering its claim.
136. Which British Prime Minister sent a Cabinet mission to India?
a) Ramsay MacDonald c) Stanley Baldwin
b) Clement Atlee d) Winston Churchill
Explanation
In Britain, the Labor Party had won a landslide victory and Clement Atlee became the Prime Minister. He declared that he wanted to transfer power at the earliest. He sent a Cabinet Mission to India.
137. What were the important decisions made by the Cabinet mission?
i) It provided a Federal Government.
ii) The Provinces were divided into three major groups.
iii) A constituent Assembly was to be elected by the interim government.
a) i only c) iii only
b) ii only d) All the above
Explanation
The Cabinet Mission plan included the features like, rejecting the demand for Pakistan, it provided for a Federal government with control over defense, communications and foreign affairs. The provinces were divided into three groups, Non-Muslim Majority Provinces, Muslim Majority Provinces in the Northwest and the Muslim Majority Provinces in the Northeast. A Constituent Assembly was to be elected and an interim government set up with representation for all the communities.
138. Who were the members of the Cabinet Mission sent by Clement Atlee?
a) Pethick Lawrence c) A.V. Alexander
b) Sir Stafford Cripps d) All the above
Explanation
In Britain, the Labor Party had won a landslide victory and Clement Atlee became the Prime Minister. He declared that he wanted to transfer power at the earliest. He sent a Cabinet Mission comprising Pethick Lawrence, Sir Strafford Cripps and A.V. Alexander.
139. Assertion (A): The Congress and Muslim League accepted the plans of the Cabinet Mission.
Reasoning(R): The Muslim League wanted the divisions of the provinces permanently.
a) Both A and R is True and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R is True but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is False but R is True.
d) Both A and R is False.
Explanation
The Congress and the Muslim League accepted the Cabinet mission plan. However, both interpreted it differently. The Congress wanted the division of the provinces to be temporary while the Muslim League wanted it to be a permanent arrangement.
140. Who declared the Direct Action day?
a) Gandhi c) Jinnah
b) Stafford Cripps d) Clement Atlee
Explanation
Difference arose between Congress and Muslim League when the former nominated a Muslim member. The League argued it was to be the sole representative of the Muslims and withdrew its approval. Jinnah declared 16 August 1946 as the ‘Direct Action Day’.
141. What were the effects of the Direct Action day?
a) Hartals and demonstrations took place in India.
b) Hindu-Muslim conflict raised in India.
c) All the Bengal districts and Noakhali was affected mostly.
d) All the above
Explanation
Jinnah declared 16 August 1946 as the ‘Direct Action Day’. Hartals and demonstrations took place which soon turned into Hindu-Muslim conflict. It spread to other districts of Bengal. The district of Noakhali was the worst affected. Gandhi left for the worst affected regions and toured them on barefoot bringing the communal violence under control and spreading the message of peace and nonviolence.
142. Who was heading the Interim Government?
a) Rajendra Prasad c) Jawaharlal Nehru
b) B.R.Ambedkar d) Jinnah
Explanation
The interim government headed by Jawaharlal Nehru was formed in September 1946.
143. Assertion (A): The Muslim League joined the interim Government after lot of hesitations.
Reasoning(R): Liaqat Ali Khan representative of the Muslim League was made as the Finance Minister.
a) Both A and R is True and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R is True but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is False but R is True.
d) Both A and R is False.
Explanation
The Interim Government was headed by Jawaharlal Nehru in 1946.After some hesitation the Muslim League joined it in October 1946. Its representative Liaqat Ali Khan was made the Finance Member.
144. Who was responsible to transfer the powers to India?
a) Queen Victoria c) Gandhi
b) Clement Atlee d) Lord Mountbatten
Explanation
Lord Mountbatten was sent as Viceroy to India with the specific task of transfer of power.
145. When was the Mountbatten plan announced?
a) 3rd June 1947 c) 14th August 1945
b) 15th August 1947 d) 25th January 1946
Explanation
On 3 June 1947 the Mountbatten Plan was announced. It proposed that the Power would be transferred on the basis of dominion status to India and Pakistan and the Princely states would have to join either India or Pakistan.
146. Who was leading the Boundary commission for India?
a) Jawaharlal Nehru c) Jinnah
b) Radcliffe Brown d) A.V. Alexander
Explanation
Boundary commission was to be set up under Radcliffe Brown as per the Mountbatten plan and the award would be announced after the transfer of power.
147. Which of the states for selected for voting for the partition?
a) Bangladesh c) Bengal
b) Punjab d) Both b and c
Explanation
As per the Mountbatten plan, Punjab and Bengal Legislative Assemblies would vote on whether they should be partitioned.
148. On which day Clement Atlee assured that the power would be transferred to India?
a) June 1947 c) June 1948
b) August 1947 d) January 1948
Explanation
In February 1947, Clement Atlee declared that power would be transferred by June 1948.
149. When did the Mountbatten plan come into effect?
a) 18th July 1947 c) 14th August 1947
b) 15th August 1947 d) 25th January 1947
Explanation
The Mountbatten Plan was given effect by the enactment of the Indian Independence Act on 18 July 1947 by the British Parliament.
150. What were the effects of the Indian Independence Act, 1947?
a) The sovereignty of the British Parliament over India was abolished.
b) India was partitioned into two dominions.
c) India won independence on 15th August 1947.
d) All the above
Explanation
The Indian Independence Act, 1947 abolished the sovereignty of the British Parliament over India. India was partitioned into two dominions, India and Pakistan. On 15 August 1947 India won independence.