Public Opinion and Party System 11th Political Science Lesson 10 Questions in English

11th Political Science Lesson 10 Questions in English

10] Public Opinion and Party System

1. Which can be defined as a psychological and social process in which the behaviour of each member of the public is conditional to that of all others with similar beliefs?

1. Public opinion
2. Public relation
3. Public statistic
4. Public governance

Explanation

Public opinion can be defined as a psychological and social process in which the behaviour of each member of the public is conditional to that of all others with similar beliefs. In short it is the collective views of the people, their attitudes and opinions.

2. Which form of government derives its authority from the people?

1. Monarchy
2. Oligarchy
3. Dictatorship
4. Democracy

Explanation

Democracy derives its authority from the people. Public opinion is not the opinion of an individual, though he or she may be a highly respected person. It is not a private opinion. It is also not an expert opinion, irrespective of the wisdom of the expert.

3. The 44th session of the Indian National Congress was held on the banks of which river?

1. River Ravi
2. River Sutlej
3. River Beas
4. River Ganges

Explanation

At the 44th session of the Indian National Congress held on the banks of river Ravi at Lahore, a resolution demanding complete independence was passed on December 31, 1929. Jawaharlal Nehru presided over the session and Mahatma Gandhi made a memorable speech while moving the main resolution.

4. When Gandhi completed his Dandi march at Dandi, a coastal village in Gujarat?

1. December 6, 1930
2. April 6, 1930
3. December 6, 1928
4. April 6, 1928

Explanation

Gandhi led the famous Dandi March starting from the Sabarmati Ashram on March 12, 1930, culminating in the Salt Satyagraha at Dandi, a coastal village in Gujarat, on April 6, 1930.

5. Gandhi proposed a march of how many dedicated and disciplined satyagrahis from Sabarmati to Dandi village to offer Salt Satyagraha?

1. 29
2. 108
3. 78
4. 61

Explanation

Gandhi proposed a march of 78 dedicated and disciplined satyagrahis from Sabarmati to Dandi village to offer Salt Satyagraha. Gandhi chose salt as the symbol of satyagraha because it was the lowest common denominator of the food consumption of the nation.

6. Which among the following is not the hindrances to formation of a genuine public opinion?

1. Poverty
2. Selfish Interest
3. Literacy
4. Racist and Caste based Discrimination

Explanation

Public opinion needs to be the true reflection of the peoples` ideas and opinion, however there are some hindrances to genuine public opinion 1. Poverty 2. Selfish Interest 3. Illiteracy 4. Racist and Caste based Discrimination 5. Freedom of speech and the media.

7. Which among the following statement is correct

1. Selfish interests is interest of the people seeking personal advancement over the affairs of their own country. People need to be sensitized towards important issues related to unity, commitment, integrity and progress of the nation
2. It is expected that literate and responsible public make better citizens by exercising their franchise with fear or favour. literate masses are often misled by party workers and guided by sentiments, favours and rhetoric.
3. Sentiments that provoke discrimination based on caste, creed and religion create a divide among the masses that are often manipulated by political parties for their advantage. Social disharmony in the country is detrimental to the effective working of a democracy.
4. Both 1 and 2
5. Both 1 and 3
6. Both 2 and 3
7. All 1, 2 and 3

Explanation

It is expected that literate and responsible public make good citizens by exercising their franchise without fear or favour. Illiterate masses are often misled by party workers and guided by sentiments, favours and rhetoric. A sound public opinion can be formed only in the environment of free thought and knowledge.

8. Who in any country are easily influenced by the false promise of political leaders and cast their votes subjectively?

1. Unemployed
2. Elites
3. Students
4. Poor

Explanation

The poor in any country are easily influenced by the false promise of political leaders and cast their votes subjectively. Sound and objective public opinion is possible only by alleviating poverty.

9. Which among the following statement is incorrect

1. Unbiased, objective and independent media as well as respect for individual freedom of speech and assembly play a very significant role in the formation of healthy opinion.
2. The vital importance of an independent and impartial media that respects people’s freedom and exercises responsible news reporting are important criteria for formation of mature and responsive public opinion.
3. Only 1
4. Only 2
5. Both 1 and 2
6. None

10. Which among the following statement is correct

1. Political parties are dispensable instruments in a democratic system. They are formed with indefinite ideologies, and programme of action. They enlighten the general public on issues concerning the society and state and they also prescribe alternatives.
2. Through propaganda they educate people on political issues and garner their support for their policies and programme. In legislative bodies they represent organized opinion of the voters.
3. Only 1
4. Only 2
5. Both 1 and 2
6. None

Explanation

Political parties are indispensable instruments in a democratic system. They are formed with definite ideologies, and programme of action. They enlighten the general public on issues concerning the society and state and they also prescribe alternatives.

11. Which among the following country has the presidential democracies?

1. United Kingdom
2. India
3. France
4. All the above

Explanation

In parliamentary democracies the party or an alliance of parties can win a majority of seats in legislature and forms the ministry (executive) examples: UK, India. In presidential democracies, the chief executives (president) are elected on party basis examples: USA, France. In any system political parties’ function as intermediaries between the government and people.

12. Which among the following statement is correct

1. In a democracy, Election commission serve as an integral link through which government and the public can interact. Election commission act as a foundation that orients the people towards political initiatives and public experience.
2. Political Parties work to influence political thought and opinion with the intention of mobilizing votes. They provide a platform for political, economic and social activism that serves as a training ground for future regional and national leadership.
3. In the long run they hold leaders accountable for their actions through rigorous debate and queries both within the party as well as through opposition parties. Thus, the people are presented with a diverse choice of candidates, ideologies and approaches to various issues governing the nation
4. Only 3
5. Both 1 and 2
6. Both 1 and 3
7. Both 2 and 3

Explanation

In a democracy, political parties serve as an integral link through which government and the public can interact. Political Parties act as a foundation that orients the people towards political initiatives and public experience.

13. Who among the following is not components of political party?

1. Leaders
2. Financier
3. Active members
4. Followers

Explanation

A political party is a group of people who come together to contest elections and hold power in the government. They agree on some policies and programmes for the society with a view to promote the collective good. Three components of a Political Party – Leaders, Active Members and Followers.

14. How many types of party system are there?

1. Three
2. Four
3. Six
4. Five

Explanation

There are three types of party system. 1. One party system 2. Two-part system 3. Multi-party system

15. Which among the following statement is correct

1. The party system helps to operate and stabilize governments and they are particularly relevant for the effective functioning of democracies. The party system provides a system of checks and balances against the government’s policies.
2. By soliciting popular support among the masses and providing a structure for leadership and dialogue within the party according to specific party objectives and agenda, it helps sustain good governance.
3. Different types of party system have evolved in various parts of the globe depending on the particular elements of democracy practiced. The various types of party system address the issues in different ways, thereby determining the quality of democracy practiced
4. Both 1 and 2
5. Both 1 and 3
6. Both 2 and 3
7. All 1, 2 and 3

16. Which among the following factor is not used to determine the quality of Democracy?

1. How the government is representative of its people
2. How accountable the people are to its government
3. How human rights and equality of status and opportunity is guaranteed to all citizens
4. The level of political participation exercised by the people

Explanation

By and large the quality of a democracy is determined by how the government is representative of its people, how accountable the government is to its people, how human rights and equality of status and opportunity is guaranteed to all citizens and the level of political participation exercised by the people.

17. Which among the following is not the one-party system

1. UK Conservatives and Liberals
2. The Peoples` Action Party (PAP)in Singapore
3. Communist Party of China
4. Korean Workers Party, (KWP) North Korea

Explanation

Some of the example of one-party systems are Communist Party of China, (CPC) the Peoples` Action Party (PAP)in Singapore, Korean Workers Party, (KWP) North Korea, Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) Vietnam, Communist Party of Cuba (CPC) Cuba.

18. Who among the following was the general under whom Spain was fascist government?

1. General Hitler
2. General Mussolini
3. General Franco
4. Muammar Gaddafi

Explanation

In the 1920s fascist movements advocating nationalistic militarism, captured power in Germany under Hitler, in Italy under Mussolini and in Spain under General Franco. They prevented other political parties to emerge.

19. Which among the following country has Two party system?

1. USA
2. Canada
3. Germany
4. Sweden

Explanation

The Two-party system include USA –Democrats and Republicans and UK Conservatives and Liberals. However, in either country there is no constitutional restriction on number of parties. The constitutional procedures and peoples’ political maturity led to the emergence of two-party system.

20. Which among the following system does not provide adequate space for democratic expressions and not provide scope for alternative?

1. One party system
2. Two party system
3. Multi-party system
4. None of the above

Explanation

In a One-party system, a single political party exercises its right to form the government, which is often derived from a written or unwritten constitution. In most cases of one-party system, there is less participation and weaker accountability. The single party system does not provide adequate space for democratic expressions and not provide scope for alternative.

21. Which among the following statement is incorrect

1. In the two-party system, two political parties, with distinctly different interests have equal opportunity to attain a majority and form the government.
2. The minority party is the governing party and the majority party forms the opposition party in two-party systems. The Two-Party system has far less accountability by the political leaders and greater political participation
3. The threat of being voted out by the opposition hangs as a ‘Damocles sword’ on the incumbent thereby guaranteeing a higher degree of responsible conduct and action. The drastic changes can happen once a party loses power which may prove detrimental to national interests
4. Only 3
5. Both 1 and 2
6. Both 1 and 3
7. All 1, 2 and 3

Explanation

The majority party is the governing party and the minority party forms the opposition party in two-party systems. The Two-Party system has far greater accountability by the political leaders and greater political participation.

22. Which among the following country don’t have Multi-party system?

1. Germany
2. France
3. Sweden
4. Turkmenistan

Explanation

The countries with multi-party systems include Canada, France, Germany, India and Sweden. Turkmenistan has one party system.

23. Which among the following statement is correct

1. In the Multi- party system, multiple political parties are capable of garnering popular support and forming a government, either as a majority party or in coalition with many non-majority parties with similar political objectives
2. In this system, the political leaders are constantly observed and checked by checks and balances by their coalition partners. They are also subject to rigorous accountability to the people.
3. The multi-party system does not offer the electorates the multiple avenues of political participation but the ability to bring about political change for greater national development.
4. Both 1 and 2
5. Both 1 and 3
6. Both 2 and 3
7. All 1, 2 and 3

Explanation

The multi-party system offers the electorate the multiple avenues of political participation and the ability to bring about political change for greater national development.

24. The proportional representation system in which country results in multi-party systems and coalition cabinets?

1. USA and UK
2. German and Spain
3. France and Italy
4. Sweden and Finland

Explanation

The proportional representation system in France and Italy results in multi-party systems and coalition cabinets.

25. Which among the followings statement is incorrect

1. The existence of political parties is largely responsible for ensuring the quality and effectiveness of a democracy. In a federal multicultural and plural societies such as the United States of America and India, the maintenance of peace, unity and communal harmony are vital for social-economic progress.
2. While multi-party system may have greater flexibility towards quicker decisions making and cohesive action, these decisions may not represent mass opinion and thus it would create greater opposition and dissent for the government.
3. Only 1
4. Only 2
5. Both 1 and 2
6. None

Explanation

While single party system may have greater flexibility towards quicker decisions making and cohesive action, these decisions may not represent mass opinion and thus it would create greater opposition and dissent for the government.

26. In which party system usually result in public policies and decisions blocked in political polarization rather than collaboration?

1. Single party system
2. Dual party system
3. Multi-party system
4. All the above

Explanation

In the Dual-party system due to the nature of the party structure and leadership, this usually result in public policies and decisions blocked in political polarization rather than collaboration.

27. Which among the following statement is correct

1. In Multi-party systems, the performance is on the basis of deliberation and negotiation between coalition members, and issues are mostly settled by reaching a mutually derived consensus after debate and discussion
2. Political parties are the drivers of a democracy that are necessary to safeguard the rights and freedoms of the people. Through effective Citizenship training and greater civic participation, youth in democratic nations can play a greater role in political parties thereby fostering more mature and wider democratization in countries
3. Only 1
4. Only 2
5. Both 1 and 2
6. None

28. Which among the following is the United Kingdom political party?

1. The Republican
2. Tories
3. National Rally
4. Socialist Party

Explanation

In the United Kingdom, polarization of opinions on issues relating to the status and role of monarchy led to the emergence of two parties:1. Tories or Conservatives and 2. Whigs or liberals. In the 20th century labour party became a major force eclipsing the liberals.

29. Under whose presidency the Federalist Party emerged after American Independence as the first parties in the newly constituted nation?

1. George Washington
2. Abraham Lincoln
3. Benjamin Franklin
4. Thomas Jefferson

Explanation

The founding fathers of the United States wanted to steer clear of political parties and the ensuing factional conflict between them. Nevertheless, after American Independence, the first parties in the newly constituted nation under the Presidency of George Washington were the Federalist Party supporting a strong national government.

30. Which among the following is the Political party of USA supporting state autonomy?

1. Socialist Party
2. National Rally
3. Democratic Republican Party
4. Christian Democratic union of America

Explanation

The Federalist Party supporting a strong national government and the Democratic Republican Party supporting state autonomy are the two political party of USA.

31. In which year the democratic Republican Party was renamed as the Democratic Party which championed state rights?

1. 1836
2. 1828
3. 1851
4. 1875

Explanation

In 1828, the democratic Republican Party was renamed as the Democratic Party which championed state rights. Since the United States settled for the Two-Party system, the Republican and Democratic parties have dominated the American political scene, though third-party candidates have been floated on and off.

32. In 1854, the Republican Party established itself on the anti-slavery platform and gained pre-dominance with whom as president of USA?

1. John F Kennedy
2. George Washington
3. Theodore Roosevelt
4. Abraham Lincoln

Explanation

In 1854, the Republican Party established itself on the anti-slavery platform and gained pre-dominance with Abraham Lincoln as President of USA.

33. After which revolution democratic forces gained strength in European Nations, and political parties emerged?

1. Industrial revolution
2. French revolution
3. July revolution
4. Russian revolution

Explanation

After the French Revolution (1789), democratic forces gained strength in European Nations, and political parties emerged. Political parties in Continental Europe were largely divided into Conservatives, Liberals, and Christian Democrats.

34. By the 19th century which movements gained popularity and labour parties emerged which became popular and gained trade union support?

1. Socialist
2. Capitalist
3. Liberals
4. Anarchist

Explanation

By the 19th century socialist movements gained popularity and social democratic or labour parties emerged which became popular and gained trade union support.

35. In Soviet Russia, which party, was responsible for the Communist Revolution in 1917 which created the USSR?

1. Sozialdemokratische party
2. Mensheviks party
3. Bolsheviks party
4. Centre left coalition

Explanation

In Soviet Russia, the Bolshevik Party, was responsible for the Communist Revolution in 1917 which created the USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics), popularly called the Soviet Union.

36. Which was established with the task of encouraging world communist revolution by supporting Communist parties in other countries?

1. COMPETAR
2. COMINTERN
3. SOVINTERN
4. COMUNATOR

Explanation

The COMINTERN (Communist International) was established with the task of encouraging world communist revolution by supporting Communist parties in other countries.

37. Which among the following statement is correct

1. After the end of the Second world war, the Communist party lost its popularity in Russia, though some minor communist parties still influence governmental policies within democratic states.
2. Communist Parties however continue to control authoritarian governments in China and North Korea. Democratic political systems are often reactive and responsive to the basic socio –economic values of their citizens.
3. By late 20th century, socio-economic factors impacting Europe were reflected in the emergent types of parties some of which were more nationalistic and less open-minded, vocalizing their sentiments against immigration and the refugee influx that they see as a threat to European culture
4. Both 1 and 2
5. Both 1 and 3
6. Both 2 and 3
7. All 1, 2 and 3

Explanation

After the end of the Cold War era, the Communist party lost its popularity in Russia, though some minor communist parties still influence governmental policies within democratic states.

38. In African countries, political parties were at first formed to secure what?

1. Capitalism
2. Culture
3. Tribes and Indigenous
4. Decolonization

Explanation

In African countries, political parties were at first formed to secure decolonization. In many decolonized African countries, political parties are struggling hard against militarism.

39. What was formed in 1906 that resulted in the era of conflicting political bargaining, reflected the true beginnings of the Indian party system?

1. Hindu Maha Sabha
2. Muslim League
3. Bahujan Samaj Party
4. All India Forward Block

Explanation

The formation of the Muslim league in 1906 resulted in the era of conflicting political bargaining, reflected the true beginnings of the Indian party system.

40. The Indian National Congress (INC) was established in 1885 by whom?

1. Dadabhai Naoroji
2. Motilal Nehru
3. Gopal Krishna Gokhale
4. A. O. Hume

Explanation

The Indian National Congress (INC) was established in 1885 by A. O Hume, as the indigenous base for the political participation of Indians in legislative and political wings.

41. After which Indian National Congress began to demand absolute political freedom?

1. Non – Cooperation Movement
2. Simon Commission
3. Indian Home Rule Movement
4. Quit India Movement

Explanation

Indian National Congress demanded political reforms in gradual stages. After the non-cooperation movement (1921-23) Indian National Congress began to demand absolute political freedom.

42. Which among the following statement is correct

1. The party system in India emerged along with the rise of nationalism and out of the freedom struggle against British rule. While Indian politics today represent a multi-party system, for long periods in Indian political history, one party has dominated the political stage.
2. In the 20th century, the parties with communal agenda have also come up i.e. The All India Muslim League in 1926 and Hindu Maha Sabha in 1939. In the Madras Presidency the South Indian Liberal Federation was formed to project their interest of the Brahmins.
3. Only 1
4. Only 2
5. Both 1 and 2
6. None

Explanation

In the 20th century, the parties with communal agenda have also come up i.e. The All India Muslim League in 1906 and Hindu Maha Sabha in 1916. In the Madras Presidency the South Indian Liberal Federation (Justice Party) was formed to project their interest of the Non-Brahmins (Dravidian).

43. After which incident in 1905 the Indian National Congress was divided between the Moderates and the Extremists?

1. Chauri Chaura Incident
2. Round Table Conference
3. Partition of Bengal
4. Jallianwala Bagh Massacre

Explanation

After the partition of Bengal in 1905, the Indian National Congress was divided between the Moderates (policy of petitions) and the Extremists (aggressive militant strategy).

44. Which among the following statement is correct

1. The Indian National Congress represented the urban, upper caste elite, mostly Brahmanical educated and provided a platform for negotiations with the Upper caste government. Gradually the Indian National Congress failed to play a pivotal role in the development of India’s political party system.
2. The entry of Mahatma Gandhi into the political scene with his moral-ethical focus on non-violence as a political ideology and strategy, transformed the Indian National Congress to represent all sections of Indian society- the poor agriculturalists and lower caste people.
3. Only 1
4. Only 2
5. Both 1 and 2
6. None

Explanation

The Indian National Congress represented the urban, upper caste elite, mostly western educated and provided a platform for negotiations with the British government. Gradually the Indian National Congress evolved to play a pivotal role in the development of India’s political party system.

45. Match the following correctly of Indian political party with its founder

1. The Swaraj Party 1. A. O. Homes
2. The Congress Socialist Party 2. Chittaranjan Das
3. The Indian National Congress 3. M. N. Roy
4. The Communist Party 4. Acharya Narendra Dev
5. 2 – 4 – 1 – 3
6. 4 – 3 – 1 – 2
7. 4 – 2 – 1 – 3
8. 3 – 4 – 1 – 2

Explanation

Other parties that also emerged representing specific goals which included the Swaraj Party formed by Chittaranjan Das in 1922, the Congress Socialist Party, formed in 1934 by Acharya Narendra Dev and Jayaprakash Narayan and the Communist Party, formed in the 1920’s by the efforts of M. N. Roy were the other major political parties.

46. Which among the following party is the Right-wing party?

1. Communist Party
2. Socialist Party
3. Janasangh party
4. Dravidian party

Explanation

There were a number of political parties which carry on political campaigns and propaganda, but do not contest elections, they function as pressure groups. Till 1977, the Communist Party, the socialist parties, and the right wing Janasangh were the mentionable opposition parties at the national level.

47. Under whose stewardship number of so called national parties merged to create a large national alternative party known as Janata Party?

1. Morarji Desai
2. Chandra Shekhar
3. Atal Bihari Vajpayee
4. Jayaprakash Narayan

Explanation

Until 1977, no single party could become an alternative to Indian National Congress at national level. Hence, a number of so, called national parties, under the stewardship of Jayaprakash Narayan, merged to create a large national alternative party known as Janata Party.

48. Which among the following statement is incorrect

1. In 1980, Janata Party captured power at the centre. Yet this party lacked cohesion and unity and became shattered after 1991.
2. The Jana Sangh was revived with a new name Samaj Party, Meanwhile Chandra Shekhar’s Bahujan Samaj Party emerged as national level party with social justice as its main plank.
3. Only 1
4. Only 2
5. Both 1 and 2
6. None

Explanation

The Jana Sangh was revived with a new name Bhartiya Janata Party, Meanwhile Kanshi Ram’s Bahujan Samaj Party emerged as national level party with social justice as its main plank.

49. Which among the following state the Communist Party of India (Marxist) became very powerful?

1. Maharashtra
2. Uttar Pradesh
3. Madhya Pradesh
4. West Bengal

Explanation

The Communist Party of India (Marxist) became very powerful in a few states like Kerala, West Bengal and Tripura.

50. Which among the following statement is correct

1. The 1990s was the period of an increasing quest towards coalition governments in Indian politics. The Indian Political System became more competitive, more democratized and more representative of the multicultural social nexus and diversity that is observed in contemporary India.
2. It is observed that old parties became obsolete and defunct, and new parties have emerged that represent and seek to address the trans formative challenges faced by various diverse sections of the people.
3. Since the 1990’s we see a federalization of politics with central parties gaining greater influence, representative of regional losing against the dominance of the Centre.
4. Only 1
5. Both 1 and 2
6. Both 1 and 3
7. Both 2 and 3

Explanation

Since the 1990’s we see a federalization of politics with regional parties gaining greater influence, representative of regional aspirations against the dominance of the Centre. In the present period, regional alliances indicate a growing trend towards coalition governments that form an effective voice in favour of federal polity.

51. Which among the following regional party is wrongly matched with its state?

1. Shiromani Akali Dal – Maharashtra
2. Samajwadi Party – Uttar Pradesh
3. Telugu Desam Party – Andhra Pradesh
4. Rashtriya Janata Dal – Bihar

Explanation

Shiromani Akali Dal in the Punjab, Samajwadi Party in the Uttar Pradesh, Telugu Desam Party in Andhra Pradesh, Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD) in Bihar

52. Which among the following statement is incorrect

1. While there is growing political awareness among the electorate, there is lesser mobilization along lines of regional, social and religious identities.
2. There is a widespread difference in the composition of political groups, and characteristics of political and social groups between one region and another.
3. Only 1
4. Only 2
5. Both 1 and 2
6. None

Explanation

While there is growing political awareness among the electorate, there is also greater mobilization along lines of regional, social and religious identities.

53. Which party gained Third highest seats in Parliament in 2014 Elections?

1. Bharatiya Janata Party
2. Indian National Congress
3. Communist Party of India
4. All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam

Explanation

All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam is the thirds highest party to gain seats in Parliament in 2014 Elections.

54. Match the following Regional Political party with its state

1. Trinamool Congress 1. Maharashtra
2. Asom Gana Parishad 2. West Bengal
3. People Democratic Party 3. Jammu & Kashmir
4. Shiv Sena 4. Assam
5. 2 – 1 – 4 – 3
6. 3 – 4 – 1 – 2
7. 2 – 4 – 3 – 1
8. 2 – 1 – 3 – 4

Explanation

Trinamool Congress in West Bengal, Telangana Rashtra Samithi in Telangana, Asom Gana Parishad in Assam, Shiv Sena in Maharastra, National Conference, People Democratic Party in Jammu & Kashmir.

55. Under whom the Dravidian movement regenerated in Tamil Nadu and garnered popularity on assertion of Dravidian Rights and Dignity?

1. C. Natesan
2. T. M. Nair
3. P. Theagaraya Chetty
4. Periyar E. V. Ramasamy

Explanation

The Dravidian movement regenerated in Tamil Nadu under Periyar E.V Ramasamy and garnered popularity on assertion of Dravidian Rights and Dignity and through an anti-North, antiHindi, anti-Brahmin social agenda.

56. Which among the following statement is correct

1. In Tamil Nadu, like most Indian states, the early independence period was dominated by the Congress party. However, issues of caste hierarchy, and the rising North South divide eroded the popularity of Congress leadership in the state.
2. The Party System in Tamil Nadu is a close model of the subordinates of the regional parties in state politics of independent India. There are very clear socio-economic, cultural and historical reasons for this development
3. The long history of rationalist and social justice movements from the colonial era and the mobilization of Dravidian consciousness since the beginning of 20th century have fundamentally transformed the nature of politics and the future of party system in state politics.
4. Both 1 and 2
5. Both 1 and 3
6. Both 2 and 3
7. All 1, 2 and 3

Explanation

The Party System in Tamil Nadu is a pioneer model of the pre-eminence of the regional parties in state politics of independent India. There are very clear socio-economic, cultural and historical reasons for this development.

57. Which among the following statement is incorrect

1. For the effective functioning of a democracy, the existence of political parties that represent conflicting interests is mandatory. While they advocate various interests and policies, largely political parties adopt Rightist ideology (conservative, traditional and capitalistic) or Leftist (pro-equality, liberal and labour interests).
2. While it is true that political parties are essential for attaining the democratic ideal, the rise of individual parties with non-democratic agenda and authoritarian leadership is not possible. This is more relevant in the case of a multicultural, multilingual, multi religious and economically diverse country like India
3. It is vital in a democracy like India that political parties exercise maturity and maintain a secular position, the precious and precarious unity and stability of India cannot be maintained. It is in the interests of the nation, that responsibly and principled parties show a level of maturity and responsibility in exercising their duties
4. Only 1
5. Only 2
6. Both 1 and 2
7. Both 1 and 3

Explanation

While it is true that political parties are essential for attaining the democratic ideal, the rise of individual parties with non-democratic agenda and authoritarian leadership is a critical challenge to Democracy. This is very relevant in the case of a multicultural, multilingual, multi religious and economically diverse country like India.

58. Which among the following statement is correct

1. The relationship between party system and democracy will be incomplete without the discussion of the role of opposition parties in democracy. Democracy has no meaning without an effective opposition party or parties in the country.
2. The nature of democracy is only to be determined by the strength of ruling party alliance not in the role and functioning of the opposition party alliance. Even though the leader of the Opposition party does not enjoy the status and privileges of the rank of cabinet minister he is still valuable.
3. Only 1
4. Only 2
5. Both 1 and 2
6. None

Explanation

The nature of democracy is not only determined by the strength of ruling party alliance but also in the role and functioning of the opposition party alliance. In fact, the leader of the Opposition party enjoys the status and privileges of the rank of cabinet minister. `

59. Which among the following statement is correct

1. Pressure or Interest groups also play an important role in special issues and events. These are organized groups, having common political and social interests, which influence decisions from outside.
2. Pressure groups have voluntary membership and lobby for specific interests. Unlike political parties, pressure groups do not contest elections. The Pressure Groups are able to influence the government through various techniques with various public policy issues and are therefore called pressure groups.
3. Pressure groups sensitize the public towards vital socioeconomic issues and through their lobbying, influence both the government and the administrative policies.
4. Only 2
5. Both 1 and 2
6. Both 2 and 3
7. All 1, 2 and 3

60. Who among the following said “Leadership and learning are indispensable to each other.”?

1. Mahatma Gandhi
2. John F Kennedy
3. Abraham Lincoln
4. Jawaharlal Nehru

Explanation

John F Kennedy said “Leadership and learning are indispensable to each other.”

61. Which deals with the study and statistical analysis of elections and polls?

1. Balneology
2. Sinology
3. Psephology
4. Thanatology

Explanation

Psephology deals with the study and statistical analysis of elections and polls.

62. Who play an important role in the Indian political system by acting as a link and source of communication between the masses and the political parties?

1. Electorate
2. Pressure Group
3. Election Commission
4. All the above

Explanation

Pressure Groups play an important role in the Indian political system by acting as a link and source of communication between the masses and the political parties.

63. Which play an important role in psephology?

1. Media Data
2. Capitalist Economy
3. Trust
4. Public Opinion polls

Explanation

Public opinion polls play an important role in psephology. They analyse both Opinion Polls and Exit Polls as well as election results. Opinion Polls and Exit Polls are both important indicators of voter’s choice during the elections.

64. Which among the following statement is Incorrect

1. The main difference between the two is that opinion poll is conducted after the voter actually votes and the exit poll is conducted before a voter comes out after casting his or her vote. Results of opinion polls are generally considered to be more trustworthy than that of exit polls.
2. The result of opinion polls may or may not actually collaborate the actual results. Yet they are important in generating opinions among the unsure and undecided as well as help to sustain a balance in voting practices for all parties concerned
3. Only 1
4. Only 2
5. Both 1 and 2
6. None

Explanation

The main difference between the two is that opinion poll is conducted before the voter actually votes and the exit poll is conducted after a voter comes out after casting his or her vote. Results of exit polls are generally considered to be more trustworthy than that of opinion polls.

65. Which is a piece of paper contains information on the symbols and names of the candidates contesting in a constituency?

1. Voter ID
2. Electorate Sheet
3. Ballot
4. Presume Paper

Explanation

Ballot is a piece of paper contains information on the symbols and names of the candidates contesting in a constituency.

66. Which is held when a seat in Legislature becomes vacant between general elections?

1. By Election
2. Panchayat Election
3. Local Body Election
4. Post-Election

Explanation

When a seat in Legislature becomes vacant between general elections (oft en because the incumbent has either resigned, defected to another party or died), a by-election is held.

67. Which is an independent autonomous entity responsible for the administration of Parliamentary and State Legislature Assembly elections and related works?

1. Pressure Group
2. Media
3. Election Commission
4. Political Party

Explanation

The Election Commission is an independent autonomous entity responsible for the administration of Parliamentary and State Legislature Assembly elections and related works.

68. A Government is formed by more than one party when no single party sets absolute majority is known as _______

1. Joint Sector
2. Coalition
3. Hostility
4. Secession

Explanation

A Government is formed by more than one party when no single party sets absolute majority is known as Coalition.