Tamil Nadu Political Thought 11th Political Science Lesson 15 Questions in English

11th Political Science Lesson 15 Questions in English

15] Tamil Nadu Political Thought

1. Which among the following is not the ancient port of Tamil Nadu?

1. Korkai
2. Alagankulam
3. Thrimuthugundram
4. Arikamedu

Explanation

The ancient ports of Korkai, Poompuhar, Vasavasamudram, Perimula, Arikamedu, Alagankulam, Mamallapuram reveal the active trade, commerce and cultural exchanges with the Southeast Asian countries, Sri Lanka, China, Egypt, Greece and Rome.

2. Which literature dated approximately 300 BC(BCE) to 300 AD(CE) is another valuable literary source(s) that reflects society, economy, culture and politics?

1. Sangam
2. Thiruvaimozhi
3. Tevaram
4. Tiruppugazh

Explanation

Sangam literature dated approximately 300 BC(BCE) to 300 AD(CE) is another valuable literary source(s) that reflects society, economy, culture and politics. The classification of Sangam poetry into akam (on love) and puram (on war, good and evil, community, justice and kingdom) is a revelation of the Tamil polity.

3. The Sangam literary works have been grouped into how many anthologies?

1. Ten
2. Eight
3. Six
4. Seventeen

Explanation

The Sangam literary works have been grouped into eight anthologies (Ettuthogai) and there is a ninth group of poems called the Patthupattu (Ten Idylls). The early part of the first two books of Tholkappiyam, a work on Tamil grammar, belongs to the same period.

4. The famous post-Sangam literature which was collected later as an anthology of 18 works is known as _____

1. Kurunthogai
2. Purananooru
3. Kilkkanakku
4. Natrinai

Explanation

The famous post-Sangam literature which was collected later as an anthology is known as the Kilkkanakku. There are 18 works as part of this collection and the most famous is Silappadikaram, Manimekalai and Eighteen Minor Works (Pathinen kilkkanakku, which includes the Thirukkural) were written during this period.

5. Which among the following statement is correct

1. Prabandha literature consists of poetry of various forms: kalambakam, in which the verses are arranged according to a particular theme (usually about love), and kovai, in which the end of one stanza/line formed the beginning of the next (usually about kings and bravery) and parani.
2. The ancient Tamil literature of Sangam age, Thirukkural, Silapathikaram, Manimegalai etc provide deep insights into the nature of polity, society and culture. Tamil language formed the core and essence of Tamil identity, culture, customs and traditions.
3. Despite the diversity of land, geography, rulers and chieftains spread across the Tamil speaking areas the idea of Tamil country and confederation of Tamil speaking areas did exist. The roots of Tamil nationalism are linked to the historical role and significance of Tamil language and culture in defining politics that could be traced even in the Sangam age.
4. Only 3
5. Both 1 and 2
6. Both 1 and 3
7. Both 2 and 3

Explanation

Prabandha literature consists of poetry of various forms: kovai, in which the verses are arranged according to a particular theme (usually about love), and kalambakam, in which the end of one stanza/line formed the beginning of the next (usually about kings and bravery) and parani.

6. Which among the following does not comes under Prabandha Literature?

1. Paripadal
2. Pantikkovai
3. Nandikkalambakam
4. Kalingattup-parani

Explanation

The best illustrations of Prabandha Literature are the Pantikkovai, Nandikkalambakam, and Kalingattup-parani. Paripadal comes under Ettuthogai.

7. Which Kalinga King claims to have destroyed a ‘Tamil federation’ which existed for 132 years?

1. Anangabhima III
2. Prataparudra Deva
3. Anantavarman
4. Kharavela

Explanation

The literary finding(s) is also substantiated by a stone inscription of Kalinga King Kharavela (BC(BCE) 165), who claims to have destroyed a ‘Tamil federation’ which existed for 132 years. Similarly, such a Tamil federation of kings to fight foreign invasion is also mentioned in ‘Agananooru’, a sangam literature.

8. The land was traditionally classified according to its nature into how many geographical regions in Classical Tamil Country?

1. Seven
2. Five
3. Twelve
4. Six

Explanation

The land was traditionally classified according to its nature into five geographical regions (tinai): the mountainous region (kurinji), the forest areas(mullai), fertile plains (marudam), coastal region (neidhal) and arid region (palai).

9. Which among the following region is Known as Cape Comorin?

1. Kanyakumari
2. Pondicherry
3. Nagapattinam
4. Trichy

Explanation

The concept of State and the idea king coincided with the territorial emphasis of polity as the Greek city-state. The classical Tamil country known as Tamizhagam covered areas south of Tirupati hills up to the tip of the Cape Comorin (Kanyakumari).

10. Which among the following statement is correct

1. Tamil speaking areas were divided between the principalities of the Cholas (its capital at Uraiyur), the Pandyas (Madurai as capital), the Cheras in most of present Kongunadu (and Kerala) and the Pallavas (Kanchipuram as capital).
2. Tamil country included several kingdoms ruled by kings (vendhar), major and minor chieftains (vel/ velar) who was less powerful than the crowned kings. The Sangam poets sang songs of praise about the velirs, especially the Seven Patrons, for their generosity towards the poets.
3. Only 1
4. Only 2
5. Both 1 and 2
6. None

11. Which literature carries the story of Kannagi and Kovalan?

1. Manimekalai
2. Silappathikaram
3. Kundalakesi
4. Valayapathi

Explanation

Silappathikaram is about the story of Kannagi and Kovalan. Silappathikaram means the Epic of the Anklet.

12. Which among the following statement is correct

1. The virtues of king did include the ideals of Just Ruler with qualities of kindness towards the subjects and bravery in the battle field against enemies
2. The Neethi or ularthai was the highest court of justice presided by the king himself. Every village had its own Neethi which met at a common public place and was involved in organizing village and community activities.
3. Warriors were respected, and a man who died in battle would have memorial stones erected in his honour and be worshipped in death. Even if a warrior dies in battle field with a wound in his back, it is considered derogatory in ‘Sangam’ traditions.
4. Both 1 and 2
5. Both 1 and 3
6. Both 2 and 3
7. All 1, 2 and 3

Explanation

The sabhai or mandram was the highest court of justice presided by the king himself. Every village had its own mandram which met at a common public place and was involved in organizing village and community activities.

13. Which sangam literature, hails the Pandyan king who announces all the women, children, sick and elderly people, cattles, to move to safety zone before invading a country?

1. Paditruppattu
2. Paripadal
3. Agananooru
4. Purananooru

Explanation

Purananooru, a sangam literature, hails the Pandyan king who announces all the women, children, sick and elderly people, cattles, to move to safety zone before invading a country. The idea of justice formed the conscience of State and king. Justice is an essential element in a king’s rule.

14. Which among the following statement is correct

1. An important political principle that prevailed in Ancient Tamil country was that (Despite the nature of political system being monarchy) the legitimacy of the king rests with the consent of the people as long as he enjoys people’s support and he loses legitimacy if he loses their support.
2. Sangam literature (Pattinappaalai) speaks about different types of taxations like customs duty, income tax, toll tax etc as specific source of revenue to the State. A good king should never sacrifice justice. Just rule and good deeds always will bring everlasting fame to the king.
3. Tamil kings and chieftains ruled the land with simple administrative structure of council of ministers, subordinates and administrative officers. There were officers to deal with foreign trade and customs revenue which was an important part of the budget.
4. Both 1 and 2
5. Both 1 and 3
6. Both 2 and 3
7. All 1, 2 and 3

15. In the coins and flags of Pallavas was represented by what?

1. Tiger
2. Drums
3. Bow and Arrow
4. Lions

Explanation

In flags and coins the Cholas were represented by the tiger, the Cheras by the bow and arrow the Pandyas by the fish and the Pallavas by the lion.

16. Pandya inscriptions mention about officers for pearl fisheries as what?

1. Kalatika
2. Kanatikan
3. Meendon
4. Muthon

Explanation

Pandya inscriptions mention about officers for pearl fisheries as kalatika and the chief scribes as kanatikan.

17. Which among the following statement is correct

1. The institution of ‘spy’ was considered as a necessary institution and the maintenance of peace and stability in the kingdom depended on the effectiveness of this institution.
2. Though slavery as a form of institution was absent yet capturing of slaves after invasions, and slave trade or exchange for gifts did remain as practice among the rulers to undertake construction and building works.
3. The practice of caste system or jati was known among ancient Tamils. The idea and concept of class with differences in status based on professional distinctions did not prevail. The caste system was not alien and known to Sangam society.
4. Only 1
5. Both 1 and 2
6. Both 1 and 3
7. Both 2 and 3

Explanation

The practice of caste system or jati was unknown among ancient Tamils. The idea and concept of class with differences in status based on professional distinctions did prevail. The caste system was alien and unknown to Sangam society.

18. Which among the following statement is incorrect

1. The division of society based on class has been revealed by the Sangam poets who mention about social categories (kudi): tudiyan, panan, and kadamban; or arasar (rulers), vaishyar (traders), and velalar (farmers). Differences in status were accepted as inevitable, yet varna in the form of caste or jati seems to be little known to Sangam society.
2. Though social stratification did not prevail yet legitimization of Manusmiriti or AryanBrahminical interpretation of caste as divine arrangement was integral to the cultural universe or worldview of the ancient Tamils.
3. The beginnings and early inroads of the Aryan-Brahminical account of caste could be traced to later period of Sangam era. The ancient religion of Tamils was based on folk traditions. The worship of nature and natural elements were more common.
4. Only 1
5. Only 2
6. Both 1 and 2
7. None

Explanation

Though social stratification did prevail yet legitimization of Manusmiriti or AryanBrahminical interpretation of caste as divine arrangement was not integral to the cultural universe or worldview of the ancient Tamils.

19. Which god was cult worshiped as the warrior God was based on folk culture?

1. Siva
2. Kali
3. Indhiran
4. Murugan

Explanation

The worship of Murugan among the tribes of Tamil Nadu and the cult worship of Murugan as the warrior God was based on folk culture. An earthly composition of God is rooted in the Tamil – Dravidian traditions. It was only after the sixth century AD(CE), inscriptions were written in Tamil as well as Sanskrit.

20. Which among the following statement is correct

1. Sanskritisation gradually spread to public space with the evoking of the doctrines of benevolence to Brahmin(s) and divine blessings to the king. The seeking of blessings from the Brahmin soon became a source of legitimacy for the Tamil king after this period.
2. Along with the Sanskritisation, Vedic rituals, worship and orientation to social (caste) system as advocated in Manusmiriti found their passage to transform the professionally stratified class structure of Dravidian society into a hierarchically classified social (caste) system with Vedic divine sanctions.
3. Only 1
4. Only 2
5. Both 1 and 2
6. None

21. Who maintained that as they were the descendants of Brahma, the kingship was of divine origin and was hereditary?

1. Pandya
2. Cholas
3. Cheras
4. Pallavas

Explanation

The Pallavas maintained that as they were the descendants of Brahma, the kingship was of divine origin and was hereditary.

22. Which among the following statement is correct

1. The State and king were being seen as one and the same. The hereditary principle and evoking of divine rights with earthly symbols were prevalent among the Tamil kings. The idea of territorial State provided inherent reconciliation to the changing dynasties and geographical changes as boundaries of principalities were drawn and redrawn
2. The governing principles of power and location of monarchy also moved from culture specific to power centric based on authority. Thus, in later period, during the post-Sangam era, the king gradually became the sole source of authority.
3. The Pandya period witnessed the penetration of the Aryan culture of North India into the South as well as the assimilation of some of the patterns, ideas and institutions and rejection or modification of certain other aspects.
4. Both 1 and 2
5. Both 1 and 3
6. Both 2 and 3
7. All 1, 2 and 3

Explanation

The Pallava period witnessed the penetration of the Aryan culture of North India into the South as well as the assimilation of some of the patterns, ideas and institutions and rejection or modification of certain other aspects. Tamil devotional culture was one of the results of this interaction as revealed by the themes and dedication of deity at temples.

23. Which was title, literary canon, given to distinguished women who made contributions to Tamil literature?

1. Thalaivi
2. Avvaiyar
3. Pethumbai
4. Arivai

Explanation

In narrating the role and status of women in Tamil society we need to mention about the tradition of Avvaiyar (meaning respectable women). More than a name, this was a title, literary canon, given to distinguished women who made contributions to Tamil literature. There were as many as four to six women who held this Tamil literary canon title at different times based on different sources.

24. Which among the following statement is incorrect

1. Women were highly respected and performed a variety of jobs and duties including as bodyguards to the kings, yet power and authority rested with men.
2. Women did not participate in public assemblies most of the rulers and administrators were mostly men. Women did not form significant part of social rituals but functioned as pivots of the family despite the inheritance rights and formal authority remained with men.
3. Only 1
4. Only 2
5. Both 1 and 2
6. None

Explanation

Women participated in public assemblies but rulers and administrators were mostly men. Women formed significant part of social rituals and functioned as pivots of the family despite the inheritance rights and formal authority remained with men.

25. Who was Avvaiyar (Sangam age Avvaiyar lived during the 1st and 2nd century) chief patron?

1. Valvil Ori
2. Malayaman
3. Athiyaman Neduman Anchi
4. Vel Pari

Explanation

Avvaiyars of Sangam age and Cholas age are best known for their extraordinary influence upon literature, culture, moral universe, nature of polity, war, peace and the art of diplomacy. Sangam age Avvaiyar lived during the 1st and 2nd century AD(CE). King Athiyaman Neduman Anchi of the Velir Dynasty was her chief patron.

26. Avvaiyars of sangam age is considered contemporary of which literature legends?

1. Thiruvalluvar
2. Kulasekaran
3. Agastaya
4. Valmiki

Explanation

Avvaiyars of Sangam age are considered as contemporary of literary legends Thiruvalluvar and Kabilar with notable contribution of verses in Natrinai, Kuruntogai, Akananooru and Purananooru. She is also credited as the most gracious and scholarly diplomat who undertook diplomatic missions for King Adhiyaman Neduman Anchi.

27. Which ruler of Kanchipuram, had sent Adhiyaman a note declaring his intention to attack Thagadur?

1. Rajasimha I
2. Nedunjeliyan
3. Thondaiman
4. Nan Maran

Explanation

Avvaiyar, a poetess and friend of King Adhiyaman, ruler of Tagadur, is supposed to have helped in avoiding war between two kingdom states. King Thondaiman, ruler of Kanchipuram, had sent him a note declaring his intention to attack Thagadur

28. Which among the following works were written for older children by Avvaiyar from the Cholas age, around 10thCentury AD(CE)?

1. Aathichoodi and Konraiventhan
2. Mooturai and Kondraiventhan
3. Aathichudi and Nalvazhi
4. Mooturai and Nalvazhi

Explanation

Another famous Avvaiyar was from the Cholas age, around 10thCentury AD(CE), who wrote moral universe for children and advocated ethical principles for all. Whilst her works Aathichoodi and Konraiventhan were written for young children, Mooturai and Nalvazhi were written for older children.

29. Which among the following statement is incorrect

1. Politics intends to create change-oriented awareness in the society. It is not necessary to adopt and follow the existing social system which the present politics do. This awareness can be initiated by ideas and ideologies of society-laden thinkers.
2. With the advancement of civilization to the next stage through socio-economic and technocratic developments, emerging new ideas got stumbled by the existing belief system and functions followed until now. Ideas are dangerous than the technocratic revolution, positively. Quite apart, pen is more powerful than sword.
3. Only 1
4. Only 2
5. Both 1 and 2
6. None

30. Who among the following is the communist Political ideologies in Tamil Nadu?

1. Rajagopalachari
2. Singaravelar
3. M. C. Rajah
4. Rettamalai Srinivasan

Explanation

Political ideologies in Tamilnadu is rich with ideas, beliefs, opinions and attitudes towards society, polity and economy. This is evident from the ancient political ideas of Thiruvalluvar, whereas Bharathiyar is a nationalist and Singaravelar is a communist. According to periyar, Dravidian ideology focuses on social justice.

31. In which among the following Thiruvalluvar was a great enunciator of morals?

1. Arathupal
2. Inbathupal
3. Porutpal
4. All the above

Explanation

In Arathupal of Thirukkural, Valluvar was a great enunciator of morals; In Inbathupal, he has become a poet and in Porutpal, he is known to be a political philosopher. The political philosophy of Thiruvalluvar is applicable across times even today.

32. Porutpal consist of how many parts in Thirukkural?

1. Twelve
2. Nine
3. Seven
4. Five

Explanation

Porutpal consists of 7 parts, further it has 70 verses / couplets. They are Politics-25, Ministry-10, Defence-2, Wealth-1, Army-2, Friendship-17, and citizens-13 respectively.

33. In porutpal, which among the following does not comes under the six categories of essential for a state according to Thiruvalluvar?

1. Army
2. Citizen
3. Friendship
4. Food

Explanation

In porutpal, at the first verse itself valluvar differentiated the six categories essential for a state. Thus, different parts of government are ministry, army, wealth, people, friendship and citizens, which determines the rule of a king. Moreover, these components are categorized for king in a separate way, thus contributing a lot of ideas regarding administration of a state and assets for a king.

34. In porutpal, Valluvar mentioned about nature of a king in detailed manner in how many chapters?

1. Thirteen
2. Twenty-Five
3. Thirty-Two
4. Twenty

Explanation

In porutpal, Valluvar mentioned about nature of a king in detailed manner in 25 chapters starting from Qualities of ruler (Iraimatchi – chapter 39) to idukkan azhaiyaamai (Unfazed in the face of trouble – chapter 63) in 25 chapters.

35. Which among the following term was not used by Valluvar to represent the King?

1. Arasar
2. Raja
3. Vender
4. Mannavar

Explanation

Valluvar mentioned about nature of a king in the name of “Arasar”, “Vender”, “Nilan Aandavar”, “Mannavar” he has indicated 46 times about the king.

36. Which among the following statement is correct

1. Valluvar lived in the period of monarchy. However, his ideas and ideals are also applicable for the present leaders of democracy. He also indicated the nature of state and government in the king’s rule.
2. The words of Valluvar regarding government and state is applicable and suitable to all over the period as well as every organization in the world. Ideal path and welfare – arrived kings can be respected and kept on par with divine
3. Valluvar’s political system is based on neoliberalism state. For instance, in Iraimatchi (Qualities of a ruler), he says If a king delivered justice by doing the duties honestly, he may be regarded as a Good Human.
4. Only 2
5. Both 1 and 2
6. Both 1 and 3
7. Both 2 and 3

Explanation

Valluvar’s political system is based on welfare state. For instance, in Iraimatchi (Qualities of a ruler), he says If a king delivered justice by doing the duties honestly, he may be regarded as a God.

37. According to Valluvar which among the following is not the characteristics of a state is to maintain ethics?

1. The eradication of wrong doing activity
2. Mandating impartiality of justice
3. Protection of honour
4. Avoiding Wars with Neighbour Nations

Explanation

The characteristics of a state is to maintain ethics, the eradication of wrong doing activity, mandating impartiality of justice and protection of honour.

38. Which among the following statement is incorrect

1. People’s path is the King’s path, People should act as a guide for his King, if he does harm or evil activities, it may influence all. It is because of his position as a leader, his discipline and private life will spread to all in the kingdom.
2. Moral and ethical life is quite essential for the ruling kings. Indicating “Respect” in a broad manner relating it with nation, Valluvar gave priority for great honour which may be equated with the courage. He stressed that king must be loyal to the nation, it is the honour of nation.
3. Only 1
4. Only 2
5. Both 1 and 2
6. None

Explanation

King’s path is the peoples’ path, king should act as a guide for his subjects, if he does harm or evil activities, it may influence all. It is because of his position as a leader, his discipline and private life will spread to all in the kingdom.

39. In which rule, the integrity and ideal governance for all periods were advocated by Valluvar?

1. Democratic
2. Monarchical
3. Republic
4. Dictatorship

Explanation

In the monarchical rule, the integrity and ideal governance for all periods were advocated by Valluvar. People of all regions expect rain for their growth; likewise, citizens of a nation expect integrity and ideal rule of the king.

40. Which among the following statement is Incorrect about Thirukkural

1. In the chapter “Kodungonmai”, (Cruel Scepter) Valluvar explained it in negative words. The suppressive and exploitative rule of evil king may kindle unknown and indefinite agonies among the people. Those tears are most powerful and may annihilate the entire kingdom.
2. A king should be an able handed administrator in increasing the income of government. Further he should be an expert in handling the budget. Sad tears of suffering citizens may dethrone and destroy the entire government, says Thiruvalluvar
3. Only 1
4. Only 2
5. Both 1 and 2
6. None

41. Which among the following is not the ways of utilizing the income to be expertise by the king of nation?

1. Iyatral
2. Eetall
3. Pirithal
4. Vaguthal

Explanation

According to Valluvar iyatral, eetall, kaathal and vaguthal are the four ways of utilizing the income to be expertise by the king of nation. It is a primary duty of the king.

42. Which among the following is word is wrongly matched with its meaning

1. Iyatral – King should search for the different sources of income
2. Ettal – king should collect tax from their citizens
3. Kaathal – The resources thus collected must be protected with all precautionary measures
4. Vagutthal – Allotting the resources to various sectors for the welfare of the people

Explanation

All such resources which was collected (Iyatral) should be put together, which is called as “Ettal”.

43. Whom among the following persons songs on nationalism and freedom of India helped to rally the masses to support the Indian Independence Movement in Tamil Nadu?

1. Vanchinathan
2. Kannadasan
3. Rajagopalachari
4. Subramaniya Bharati

Explanation

C. Subramaniya Bharathiyar was a poet, freedom fighter and social reformer from Tamil Nadu. His songs on nationalism and freedom of India helped to rally the masses to support the Indian Independence Movement in Tamil Nadu. He was known as Mahakavi Bharathiyar and the laudatory epithet Mahakavi means a great poet.

44. Which among the following is not the poetic work of Bharati?

1. Panchali Sabatam
2. Thesa Gnanam
3. Kannan Pattu
4. Nilavum Vanminum Katrum

Explanation

A new age in Tamil literature began with Subramaniya Bharathi. Most part of his compositions are classifiable as short lyrical outpourings on patriotic, devotional and mystic themes. Bharathi was essentially a lyrical poet. “Kannan Pattu” “Nilavum Vanminum Katrum” “Panchali Sabatam” “Kuyil Pattu” are examples of Bharathi’s great poetic output.

45. Which year Bharathi published his sensational “Sudesa Geethangal”?

1. 1916
2. 1901
3. 1910
4. 1908

Explanation

Bharathi is considered as a national poet due to his number of poems of the patriotic flavour through which he exhorted the people to join the independence struggle and work vigorously for the liberation of the country. He published the sensational “Sudesa Geethangal” in 1908.

46. Bharathi, as a young man began his career as a journalist and as a sub-editor in which news Paper?

1. Tamil Murasu
2. Theekkathir
3. Swadesamitran
4. Utayan

Explanation

Many years of Bharathi’s life were spent in the field of journalism, Bharathi, as a young man began his career as a journalist and as a sub-editor in “Swadesamitran” in November 1904.

47. Which was the first paper in Tamil Nadu to publish political cartoons?

1. India
2. Chithiram
3. Tamil
4. Suvar

Explanation

“India” was the first paper in Tamil Nadu to publish political cartoons. It is not surprising therefore that soon a warrant was waiting at the door of the “India” office for the arrest of the editor of the magazine.

48. Which among the following was the English monthly published by Bharathi?

1. Vijaya
2. Suvadu
3. Bala Bharatha
4. Pattinam

Explanation

Bharathi also edited and published ‘Vijaya’, a Tamil daily “Bala Bharatha” an English monthly, and ‘Suryothayam’ a local weekly of Pondicherry.

49. After the warrant was issued for Bharathi in 1908 that Bharathi decided to go away to where?

1. Bombay
2. Pondicherry
3. Calcutta
4. Mysore

Explanation

Bharathi because of this worsening situation in 1908 that Bharathi decided to go away to Pondicherry, a French territory at that time, and continue to publish the “India” magazine. Bharathi resided in Pondicherry for some time to escape the wrath of the British imperialists.

50. In Madras, in 1908, Bharathi organised a mammoth public meeting to celebrate which day?

1. Swaraj Day
2. Non-Violence Day
3. Partition Day
4. Poet Day

Explanation

In Madras, in 1908, he organised a mammoth public meeting to celebrate ‘Swaraj Day’. His poems ‘Vanthe Matharam’, ‘Enthayum Thayum’, ‘Jaya Bharath’ were printed and distributed free to the Tamil People.

51. Who among the following did not sought asylum in the French ruled Pondicherry during Bharathi exile?

1. Aurobindo
2. Lajpat Rai
3. V. V. Subramaniam
4. Mahatma Gandhi

Explanation

During his exile, Bharathi had the opportunity to mingle with many leaders of the militant wing of the independence movement such as Aurobindo, Lajpat Rai and V. V. Subramaniam who had also sought asylum in the French ruled Pondicherry. The most profitable years of Bharathi’s life were the ten years he spent in Pondicherry.

52. Which year Bharati was arrested by British India?

1. 1910
2. 1912
3. 1918
4. 1924

Explanation

From Pondicherry, he guided the Tamil youth of Madras to tread in the path of nationalism. This increased the anger of the British towards Bharathi’s writings. Bharathi entered British India near Cuddalore in November 1918 and was promptly arrested. Even in prison, he spent his time in writing poems on freedom, nationalism and country’s welfare.

53. Bharathi met whom in 1919 in Rajaji’s home at Madras?

1. Mahatma Gandhi
2. Subash Chandra Bose
3. Motilal Nehru
4. Periyar

Explanation

Bharathi met Mahatma Gandhi in 1919 in Rajaji’s home at Madras. In his early days of youth, he had good relations with Nationalist Tamil Leaders like V. O. Chidambaram, Subramanya Siva, Mandayam Thirumalachariar and Srinivasachari.

54. Which among the following statement is correct

1. Bharathi used to attend the Annual sessions of Indian National Congress and discuss national issues with extremist Indian National Leaders like Bipin Chandra Pal, B.G. Tilak and V.V.Subramaniam. Along with these leaders he used to discuss the problems facing the country due to British rule
2. Bharathi participation and activities in Bombay Session (1905) and Mysore Session (1907) of the Indian National Congress impressed many national leaders about his patriotic fervour. Bharathi had maintained good relations with some of the national leaders and shared his thoughts and views on the nation and offered his suggestions.
3. Only 1
4. Only 2
5. Both 1 and 2
6. None

Explanation

Bharathi participation and activities in Benaras Session (1905) and Surat Session (1907) of the Indian National Congress impressed many national leaders about his patriotic fervour. Bharathi had maintained good relations with some of the national leaders and shared his thoughts and views on the nation and offered his suggestions to strengthen the nationalist movement.

55. Which among the following statement is correct

1. Bharathi was also against caste system. He declared that there were only two castes men and women and nothing more than that. He had also adorned many scheduled caste people with sacred thread.  He used to take tea sold in shops run by Muslims.
2. Bharathi along with his family members attended church on all festival occasions. He advocated temple entry of Dalits. For all his reforms, he had to face opposition from his neighbours. But Bharathi was very clear that unless Indians unite as children of Mother India, they could not achieve freedom
3. Even Though Bharathi himself wear his sacred thread he still believed in women’s rights, gender equality but not women emancipation. He opposed child marriage, dowry system and widow remarriage.
4. Only 2
5. Both 1 and 2
6. Both 1 and 3
7. Both 2 and 3

Explanation

Bharathi himself had removed his sacred thread. He believed in women’s rights, gender equality and women emancipation. He opposed child marriage, dowry system and supported widow remarriage.

56. Bharathi meeting with which Swami Vivekananda’s disciple, added women’s rights to his already wide repertoire of social issues from caste to Independence to spiritualism?

1. Madam Blavatsky
2. Annie Besant
3. Sister Nivedita
4. Sister Christine

Explanation

Bharathi meeting with Sister Nivedita, Swami Vivekananda’s disciple, added women’s rights to his already wide repertoire of social issues from caste to Independence to spiritualism. He took up the symbolism of Shakthi as the image of modern women; powerful, strong, independent and equal partners to men.

57. Which among the following statement is correct

1. Bharathi as a poet, journalist, freedom fighter and social reformer had made a great impact not only on the Tamil society but also on the entire human society. He followed what all he preached and it is here that his greatness is manifested
2. Bharathi prophecy during the colonial period about the independence of India came true after two and half decades after his demise. His vision about a glorious India has been taking a shape in the post-Independence era. Bharathi did not live for himself but for the people and nation
3. Bharathiyar passed away on 11th August 1924.It was a travesty that only 14 people attended his funeral, fearing repercussion from the British and caste ostracization. Even today, after many decades, Subramaniya Bharathiyar stands as an undying symbol of Indian freedom and vibrant Tamil nationalism.
4. Both 1 and 2
5. Both 1 and 3
6. Both 2 and 3
7. All 1, 2 and 3

Explanation

Bharathiyar passed away on 11th September 1921.It was a travesty that only 14 people attended his funeral, fearing repercussion from the British and caste ostracization. Even today, after many decades, Subramaniya Bharathiyar stands as an undying symbol of Indian freedom and vibrant Tamil nationalism.

58. Which among the following statement is correct

1. The emergence of Swadeshi and Home rule movement in India in the initial part of 19th century aroused the thirst for freedom. Reforms were made in Hindu and Islam religion in accordance with the existing society. These movements played a key role in creating the feeling of Indians and Nationalism in the political Scenario.
2. But these movements are religious in nature. Moreover, those who participated in these movements are from upper social class. Freedom sought by these people are political in nature neglecting the interests and economic upliftment of farmers and labourers. This affected the majority Indians who are poor and belong to farmers community.
3. In this context, Singaravelar played a pivotal role in spreading rational ideas and scientific perception in to politics. He also played a key role in connecting welfare of farmers and workers in to freedom struggle and spreading socialist thinking in to politic.
4. Both 1 and 2
5. Both 1 and 3
6. Both 2 and 3
7. All 1, 2 and 3

Explanation

The emergence of Swadeshi and Home rule movement in India in the initial part of 20th century aroused the thirst for freedom. Reforms were made in Hindu religion in accordance with the existing society. These movements played a key role in creating the feeling of Indians and Nationalism in the political Scenario.

59. Who among the following said “We shall not look at caste or religion, all human beings in this land, whether they be those who preach the vedas or who belong to other castes are one”?

1. Singara Velar
2. Periyar E. V. Ramasamy
3. Subramaniya Bharati
4. M. C. Rajah

Explanation

Subramaniya Bharati said “We shall not look at caste or religion, all human beings in this land, whether they be those who preach the vedas or who belong to other castes are one”.

60. Who among the following headed the labour organisation in the Madras presidency?

1. C Natesan
2. V Kalyanasundaram
3. T. M. Nair
4. P Theagaraya Chetty

Explanation

The Labour organizations were headed by Thiru.V.Kalyanasundaranar and D.Varadharajalu in the Madras presidency. It was Singaravelar who took major efforts in the emergence of labour organizations in Madras presidency.

61. Which among the following statement is Incorrect

1. The British empire which exported the raw materials in the initial stages started industries later in India as the demand increased. This worsened common people’s life standards. They are ready to work even for meagre wages.
2. Hence, those who are employed were treated as slaves. Even a minor-protests by the employees were suppressed with iron hands. More labour organizations emerged to protect the rights of working class.
3. Varadharajalu wanted to sensitize the workers on politics and wanted to engage them in the freedom struggle. But Congress Party did not accept this idea of Varadharajalu. Varadharajalu critised it vehemently and send telegraphs to Congress high command, following this, he wrote a letter to Mahatma Gandhi.
4. Only 3
5. Both 1 and 2
6. Both 2 and 2
7. None

Explanation

Singaravelar wanted to sensitize the workers on politics and wanted to engage them in the freedom struggle. But Congress Party did not accept this idea of Singaravelar. Singaravelar critised it vehemently and send telegraphs to Congress high command, following this, he wrote a letter to Mahatma Gandhi.

62. Who among the following participated in the Congress Committee (1922) meeting as a representative of Tamil Nadu?

1. Rajagopalachari
2. Periyar
3. Singaravelar
4. T. M. Nair

Explanation

Singaravelar participated in the Congress Committee (1922) meeting as a representative of Tamilnadu. Singaravelar wanted to sensitize the workers on politics and wanted to engage them in the freedom struggle. He also propagated this among congress workers. he also wrote about this issue on the popular dailies Swadesamitran, The Hindu, and magazines like Navasakthi.

63. Which among the following demands made by Singaravelar on Congress Committee meeting is wrongly mentioned?

1. Indian freedom includes economic freedom of workers and farmers
2. The welfare of farmers and labourers should also be the motto of Congress party.
3. Farmers and labourers must be included in the Indian national movement
4. Congress leaders should remain independent with the raise masses from different organization

Explanation

In the Congress Committee meeting Singaravelar explained the following demands and sought support from Congress members. 1) Indian freedom includes economic freedom of workers and farmers. 2) The welfare of farmers and labourers should also be the motto of Congress party. 3) Farmers and labourers must be included in the Indian national movement. 4) Congress leaders should help to raise masses from different organization.

64. Which among the following statement is correct

1. In consequent with Singaravelar demand, in 1922, Indian National Congress, passed a resolution to raise people from various organizations. A six-member committee was constituted, in which M. Singaravelar was appointed as a member. In addition to this, he also fought for the protection of labour rights.
2. Singaravelar emphasized this demand by writing in all popular dailies. As an outcome, labour protective law was passed in 1916, in India. Moreover, he advised for speaking in common languages. Only then, he believed that the ideas will reach all the people. So, that leaders and people can maintain good relations.
3. He is also determined to speak in Tamil, when speaking about the issues of Tamil Nadu people. In 1918, a resolution regarding this was passed during Chennai Presidency Association Conference. Singaravelar and Periyar were the dignitaries in this conference.
4. Only 3
5. Both 1 and 2
6. Both 1 and 3
7. Both 2 and 3

Explanation

Singaravelar emphasized this demand by writing in all popular dailies. As an outcome, labour protective law was passed in 1926, in India. Moreover, he advised for speaking in vernacular languages. Only then, he believed that the ideas will reach all the people. So, that leaders and people can maintain good relations.

65. Who among the following resigned from Congress Party citing the existence of Brahmin and Non-Brahmin divide and discrimination in the party?

1. Rajagopalachari
2. Kakkan
3. Periyar
4. G. K. Moopanar

Explanation

When Periyar resigned from Congress Party citing the existence of Brahmin and Non-Brahmin divide and discrimination in the party, Singaravelar supported the action of Periyar.

66. After visiting USSR, Periyar was influenced by the Communist, so he changed the name of self-respect movement to_____?

1. Self-respect communist party
2. Self-respect social justice party
3. Self-respect brotherhood party
4. Self-respect Dravidian party

Explanation

After visiting USSR, Periyar was influenced by the Communist ideals. He changed the name of self-respect movement to Self-Respect Social Justice Party. Singaravelar made his contribution in framing the policies and principles of the movement. He also wrote extensively in Periyar’s Republic magazine against superstitious beliefs.

67. In what name Singaravelar telegraphed Congress High Command to support labour organizations?

1. Madras Dravidian
2. Madras Comrade
3. Madras Labours
4. Madras Socialists

Explanation

Singaravelar has a deep faith in the philosophy of Communisim. He urged the Congress party to support labour organizations. In the name of Madras Socialists, he telegraphed Congress High Command. In all the Congress Committee meetings he argued as a Communist representative.

68. When Singaravelar organized the first May Day celebrations in Chennai?

1. 1931
2. 1923
3. 1947
4. 1915

Explanation

In1923, it was he, who organized the first May Day celebrations in Chennai. In the same day, he announced the formation of labour-farmer political party.

69. Which among the following is not demands of Singaravelar new political party (labour-farmer political party)?

1. Medical and life Insurance
2. Provident fund facility
3. Extension to contract basis
4. Right to strike as a last resort to pressure labour demands

Explanation

demands of Singaravelar new political party (labour-farmer political party) are 1) Eight hours work 2) Right to form union 3) Right to strike as a last resort to pressure labour demands. 4) Minimum wages 5) Shelter with basic amenities 6) Medical and life Insurance 7) Provident fund facility 8) Earned leave 9) Free Medical assistance 10) Maternity leave11) Put an end to contract basis.

70. Where First socialist conference was headed by Singaravelar in 1925?

1. Kanpur
2. Surat
3. Pondicherry
4. Patna

Explanation

First socialist conference was headed by Singaravelar in 1925, in Kanpur. He spoke about socialism without violence. Also, he resolved for adopting Communism according to Indian circumstances. A socialist should play a role by being in the member of Congress Party, he advised. Socialist block was formed inside the Congress Party.

71. Which among the following statement is correct

1. In his childhood Singaravelar believed in the Varna System and superstitious belief. But as a result of Dravidian ideology, he established Buddhist Association and propagated against Varna System and superstitious beliefs during 1900 itself
2. Born in a poor family, he studied and become well versed with law, he served as a member in Mysore Municipality and also in health sector. Due to the endemic diseases in the downtrodden areas, he gave priority to health and education
3. Though he entered into politics after he crossed the age of 50, he actively propagated and wrote about communist ideas for more than thirty years. He was fondly remembered and called as the first communist of south India.
4. Only 3
5. Both 1 and 2
6. Both 1 and 3
7. Both 2 and 3

Explanation

Since his childhood Singaravelar did not believe in the Varna System and superstitious belief. As a result of this, he established Buddhist Association and propagated against Varna System and superstitious beliefs during 1880 itself.

Born in a rich family and well versed with law, he served as a member in Chennai Municipality and also in health sector. Due to the endemic diseases in the downtrodden areas, he gave priority to health and education. He also fought for rights of labourers. Based on this, he played active role in Congress Party. Later, he joined in Periyar’s Self – Respect movement.

72. Who said “It is to treat people as scapegoat, Capitalist Class along with other similar people, Patriotic feeling was misused”?

1. Rajagopalachari
2. Periyar
3. Singaravelar
4. Jawaharlal Nehru

Explanation

It is to treat people as scapegoat, Capitalist Class along with other similar people, Patriotic feeling was misused, said Periyar. Nationalism has become a buzz word of addictiveness and emotionalist for the people, he exclaimed. Nationalism is an unreal feeling. Since National feeling is nothing but a conspiracy framed by rich and power-cantered, people who deceive the other people by controlling the negative emotions.

73. Which among the following statement in correct

1. The original name of Periyar is E. V. Ramasamy. He was born in the year 1864 in an affluent business family in Erode. During his youth, Periyar believed the superstitious beliefs in his family and surroundings. He did not enter politics at the early stages of his career.
2. Periyar E. V. Ramasamy is regarded as the best political thinker in Tamil Nadu. This is because he is the foremost reformist in our state. Various scholars on Social Justice say that the Dravidian ideology enunciated by Periyar on cultural lines shines all around our country
3. Periyar fought against superstitious beliefs, enslavement of women and social backwardness which existed in Tamil Nadu from time immemorial based on his wisdom and self-respect throughout his life. It is because of this; he is fondly called as ‘Thanthai Periyar’
4. Both 1 and 2
5. Both 1 and 3
6. Both 2 and 3
7. All 1, 2 and 3

Explanation

The original name of Periyar is E. V. Ramasamy. He was born in the year 1879 in an affluent business family in Erode. Even during his youth, Periyar criticized the superstitious beliefs in his family and surroundings. He did not enter politics at the early stages of his career. But still, he occupied posts like chairman of Erode municipality.

74. Which among the following statement is correct

1. Periyar was very much disgruntled by the practice of Varnashrama in Congress party and left it. He joined Justice party and formed the self-respect movement later. After this, the contributions and activities of Periyar became inseparable from the politics of India and Tamilnadu in particular.
2. In the name of nation, if a group of people exploit other groups that is not the real freedom which a nation fought for, said Periyar alias E.V. Ramasamy. Periyar vociferously criticized against Nation, Race and Nationalism at various levels. All Nation, nationality and nationalism are similarly related concepts
3. All these differentiations indicate the “Self-Respect” of the entire population of a country. If anybody speaks about nationalism in Tamilnadu, I wonder, that will they think about “welfare or botheration about people” questioned Periyar.
4. Both 1 and 2
5. Both 1 and 3
6. Both 2 and 3
7. All 1, 2 and 3

75. Where in his Speech Periyar opposed strongly against Nation and Nationalism when others used ‘Indian Nationalism” as a weapon, Periyar spoke against these factors?

1. Malaysia
2. Sri Lanka
3. USA
4. Russia

Explanation

Periyar in his speech in Sri-Lanka, opposed strongly against Nation and Nationalism when others used ‘Indian Nationalism” as a weapon, Periyar spoke against these factors. He has also shown about other nations, nationalistic feeling apart from Indian Nationalism.

76. Periyar was attracted towards whose entry into politics and hence joined congress?

1. Jawaharlal Nehru
2. Rajagopalachari
3. Bharathi
4. Gandhi

Explanation

Periyar was attracted towards Gandhi’s entry into politics and hence joined congress and became actively participating in freedom movement and social reforms. During that period in 1920’s Congress was dominated by upper class people. But Periyar took Congress to the down trodden and successfully organized temple entry movements as a true Congress man.

77. Periyar considered which country has many races and cultural groups, but there is no discrimination in that nation?

1. USA
2. Japan
3. Russia
4. UK

Explanation

Periyar said Russia has many races and cultural groups, but there is no discrimination in that nation. He also supported communist revolution. These nations which are free of nationalism, religion and God may not be affected with luxurious life styles, poverty and exploitation by rich community.

78. Which among the following statement is correct

1. There are people who may not bother about Indians, Tamilians and the self-respect of the people. They deceive people to believe in nation and nationalism for their welfare and betterment of Nation. If self-respect is submerged in the name of nation and nationalism that will be betterment of nation not a crime against India, stated Periyar.
2. For instance, if rich communities in U.K have any clash with USA or vice versa they may give clarion call as “Oh! Britons, Patriots, our nation is under threat”. Such kind of false words is only for their economic advancement and not for the poor communities.
3. The nations which are free of nationalism, religion and God have Equality and egalitarian society is the only priority of that place. There will not be any discrimination like rich-poor, owner-worker, powerful powerless in that region.
4. Only 2
5. Both 1 and 2
6. Both 1 and 3
7. Both 2 and 3

Explanation

There are people who may not bother about Indians, Tamilians and the self-respect of the people. They deceive people to believe in nation and nationalism for their own welfare and betterment. If self-respect is submerged in the name of nation and nationalism that will be the crime against India, stated Periyar.

79. Which among the following statement is correct

1. “Madras is not a separate nation and cannot function separately,” says some of our friends. Once ‘Madras’ was a nation. Also, now, “Dravidam” it is. The culture and other practices are different from Bengal and Mumbai.
2. English language is the main base for the familiarly among these different nations in India. If British Empire and its language is relieved from India, Hindi may become the national language. Instead of calling India as a nation, Dravida Nadu, Andhra, Bengal can be separately called as nations respectively
3. For instance, Dravidian nation had its culture, language, civilization and rule for thousands of years has rooted throughout India on accordance with mythology facts. Undoubtedly it is known to all the people. “Tamil Nationalism” proposed by Periyar was to a large extent against religious dominations.
4. Both 1 and 2
5. Both 1 and 3
6. Both 2 and 3
7. All 1, 2 and 3

Explanation

For instance, Dravidian nation had its culture, language, civilization and rule for thousands of years on accordance with historical facts. Undoubtedly it is known to all the people. “Dravidian Nationalism” proposed by Periyar was to a large extent against religious dominations.

80. Which among the following should not be misused as weapon for separatism according to Periyar?

1. Labour
2. Capital
3. Language
4. Socialism

Explanation

Language should not be misused as weapon for separatism. If people are dependent upon Central rule for all kinds of amenities, there is no outcome in it. Each and everyone have their own rights to protect their languages. These rights can be protected and provided under Dravida, Socialist Republic Rule. No language can be enforced.

81. Which among the following statement is correct

1. Periyar’s protests and speeches always centre around, “Tamil Nadu for Tamils and Dravidian nation for Dravidians.” His ideologies include Common plan, common work plan, Islamic conversion, separate Dravidian nation for which he fought against the dominant communities.
2. His argument was that the dominant communities misused Tamil nationalism, Tamil race for sustaining the power. It is with the help of Upper cast, they injected Tamil nationalism in the minds of the people for holding the power for a long time he said. Even though Periyar continued to the demand of separate Tamil Nadu and upheld the ideal of casteless society.
3. Casteless society has become the top most priority for Periyar. Other ideals like separate Dravidian nation, abounding dominant communities, distortion of capitalist class became secondary priorities for Periyar.
4. Only 3
5. Both 1 and 2
6. Both 1 and 3
7. All 1, 2 and 3

Explanation

His argument was that the dominant communities misused Tamil, Tamil nationalism, Tamil race for sustaining the power in Tamil Nadu. It is with the help of Tamil leaders, they injected Tamil nationalism in the minds of the people for holding the power for a long time he said. Consequently, Periyar put an end to the demand of separate Tamil Nadu and upheld the ideal of casteless society.

82. Casteless society has become only ambition and goal which party, claimed Periyar?

1. Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
2. Dravida Kazhagam
3. Labour Party
4. Socialist Welfare Party

Explanation

Casteless society has become the only ambition and goals for Dravida Kazhagam, claimed Periyar. “The caste feeling, thus divided the Dravidian race and Dravidians became slaves for Aryans” stated Periyar in his writings published in the 1950’s in Tamil Nadu.

83. Which movement developed in Madras Presidency which comprises the four major ethno-linguistic groups in South India?

1. Dravidian Movement
2. Self-Respect Movement
3. Tamil Movement
4. Labour Movement

Explanation

Dravidian movement developed in Madras Presidency which comprises the four major ethno-linguistic groups in South India.

84. Which Movement is a movement with the aim of achieving a society where backward castes have equal human rights?

1. Casteless Movement
2. Self-Respect Movement
3. Tamil Movement
4. Labour Movement

Explanation

The Self-Respect Movement is a movement with the aim of achieving a society where backward castes have equal human rights.

85. Which was a system whereby the state undertakes to protect the health and well-being of its citizens?

1. Ideal state
2. Republic state
3. Social state
4. Welfare state

Explanation

Welfare state a system whereby the state undertakes to protect the health and well-being of its citizens.

86. Which would be a nation state that only exists in the realm of ideas and does not exist or cannot exist in the material world?

1. Ideal state
2. Republic state
3. Social state
4. Linguistical state

Explanation

Ideal State would be a nation state that only exists in the realm of ideas and does not exist or cannot exist in the material world.

87. Who among the following was the founder of Indian Home rule Movement?

1. Gandhi
2. Sarojini Naidu
3. Annie Beasant
4. Bharathi

Explanation

Annie Besant was the founder of Indian Home Rule Movement. Between the years 1916 and 1918, the Indian independence movement was spear headed by Dr Besant’s home rule league.