Basics Of Computer in Hardware and Software with Operating Systems

Basics Of Computer in Hardware and Software with Operating Systems

Hello Readers,

All of the candidates are aware of the role of computer knowledge in Banking and other examinations. To refresh the known facts and components of Computers we are updating here. By getting the knowledge of Hardware and Software in the basics of computer will lead you to score more marks in Computer section. We have concerned with most important topics in which questions are concentrated off.

Basics of Computer Components

Computer is a Processing machine which process the instruction provided through user Interacts. The set of program through which user interacts is classified as Software. The Components that work as per the software program is classified as Hardware. Computer is the integrated processing Unit of both Hardware and Software. Software used in the computers are as Operating System, Language Processor and Application Software.

Without Input from the user interfaces, computer cannot establish its processing. Hence input devices, output devices and Central Processing Unit are consider as main components of the system.

In Simple terms, Computer is a Electronic Machine that are programmed to accept input data, process it and deliver the output. Sometimes it stores with the secondary storage devices for safekeeping.

Hardware Components

Input Devices is the data feeder to the computer. Some of the devices are Keyboard, mouse, Bar code reader, Magnetic ink character reader, optical card reader.

Output Devices

Output Devices converts the machine level language into user interface languages. The processed information from the CPU are displayed through these devices. Output devices are Printers, monitors, speakers.

Processing Unit

Processing units is the heart of Computers. Processing unit only understand the machine languages as in O or 1. Components of the processing units are Arithmetic logic Units, Main Memory, Control Unit.

Arithmetic Logic Unit

Arithmetic Logic Unit is the basic arithmetic operation handler of the processing unit. It perform addition, subtraction, division and multiplication operations. It also handles logical operations based on comparison of data.

Main Memory

Main memory is the storage units of the Processed information. The memory of this unit is limited. Data transferred to secondary storage devices from main memory as and when required. Secondary storage devices are hard disk, CD ROM, Magnetic tapes etc.

Control Unit

Control Unit provide control signals which instruct all the operations to the components of Processing unit. As per the control signals operations are performed. All the signals are sent through Bus.

Bus

Bus is the electrical path through with data are sent from one device to other devices. Data bus carries data, control bus carries all timing and control instructions send by CU. Address bus is the pathway to specific location in main memory.

Bits and Bytes

All the information are stored in the form of Bits and Bytes. Bit is either 0 or 1. combination of 8 bits is called byte. The memory of the computer is measured in bytes.

Software Components

Set of instructions which are written in the machine language which help the user to perform the operations is called software program. It contain Operating system, language processor, application software.

Operating System

User requests are perform by the CPU unit with the help of program called Operating system. Operating system is a program through with his or her request processed by the CPU. To interact and process in computers, end user have no compulsion in learning the machine language. OS will perform the machine languages processes and provide it as user interface language to the output devices. Some of the Operating Systems are DOS,UNIX, Microsoft Windows, Linux, OS2.

Check out the RAM /ROM and other details of Basic of Computers with Winmeen.com.