Colonialism in Asia and Africa Book Back Questions 9th Social Science Lesson 11
9th Social Science Lesson 11
11] Colonialism in Asia and Africa
Book Back Questions with Answer and Do You Know Box Content
Do You Know?
The Berlin Conference of 1884-85, also known as the Congo Conference or West Africa Conference, met to decide all issues connected with the Congo River basin in Central Africa. The conference proposed by Portugal to discuss its claim to control the Congo River basin was rejected. The general act of the Conference of Berlin declared the Congo River basin to be neutral and guaranteed freedom for trade and shipping for all states in the basin.
| Portuguese | 1505-1961 |
| Dutch East India Company (Netherlands) | 1605-1825 |
| Danish East India Company (Denmark) | 1620-1869 |
| French East India Company | 1668-1954 |
| British East India Company | 1612-1757 |
| British Company Rule | 1757-1857 |
| British Imperial Rule | 1858-1947 |
Colonel Pennycuick was an army Engineer and Civil Servant who also served as a member of the Madras Legislative Council. He decided to divert the west-flowing Periyar River draining into the Arabian Sea to the east so that it could irrigate lakhs of acres of dry land dependent on the Vaigai River. Though Pennycuick and other British engineers went ahead with the construction, braving nature’s fury and the dangers of poisonous insects and wild animals, the construction was disrupted by relentless rain. Since he could not get adequate funds from the British government, Pennycuick went to England and sold his family property to mobilise money to fund the project, which was completed in 1895. The Mullai Periyar Dam continues to irrigate agricultural lands in Theni, Dindigul, Madurai, Sivaganga and Ramanathapuram districts.
The Indenture system was a penal contract system. The contract made punishable the refusal of an indentured labourer to work or his abstention from work, or his defiance of the orders of his master or absconding, by forfeiture of wages or imprisonment with or without hard labour. Between 1842 and 1870 a total of 525,482 Indians emigrated to the British and French Colonies. Of these, 351,401 went to Mauritius, 76,691 went to Demerara, 42,519 went to Trinidad, 15,169 went to Jamaica, 6,448 went to Natal, 15,005 went to Reunion and 16,341 went to the other French colonies. This figure does not include the 30,000 who went to Mauritius earlier, labourers who went to Ceylon or Malaya and illegal recruitment to the French colonies. Thus by 1870 the indenture system, transporting Indian labour to the colonies, was an established system of providing virtual slaves for European colonial plantations.
Famines in British India: The Bengal famine of 1770, took a heavy toll of about 10 million people or nearly one-third of the population in Bengal. This is how British rule commenced in India. Similarly, the British rule ended with a terrible Bengal famine of 1943 that claimed the lives of nearly three million. Amartya Sen, awarded the Nobel Prize in 1998, who as a young boy saw people dying on the streets of Kolkata wrote a path-breaking study of it.
Choose the best answers:
1. ______________ was brought to the attention of the East India company by Francis light.
(a) Spice islands
(b) Java island
(c) Penang island
(d) Malacca
2. In 1896 ______________ states were formed into Federated Malay States.
(a) Four
(b) Five
(c) Three
(d) Six
3. _____________ was the only part of Indo-China which was directly under French control.
(a) Annam
(b) Tong king
(c) Cambodia
(d) Cochin-China
4. The Discovery of gold in the _____________ led to a large number of British miners settled in and around Johannesburg.
(a) Transvaal
(b) Orange Free State
(c) Cape Colony
(d) Rhodesia
5. ______________ became the first European power to establish trade with India.
(a) Portuguese
(b) French
(c) Danes
(d) Dutch
6. Indentured labour system was a form of ___________
(a) Contract labour system
(b) Slavery
(c) Debt bondage
(d) Serfdom
Fill in the blanks:
1. ______________ Conference resolved to divide Africa into spheres of influence of the various European Powers.
2. The settlement made with the Zamindars of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa is _______________
3. ______________ was the main source of revenue for the British.
4. ___________ were money lenders in the Tamil speaking areas.
Consider the following the statements and tick the appropriate answer:
1. i) Until the last quarter of the 19th century, Africa south of Sahara was unknown to the world.
ii) The coastal states of Gold Coast became a British colony in 1864.
iii) Spain ruled the Philippines for over 500 years.
iv) The famine of 1876-78 occurred in Odisha.
(a) i is correct
(b) ii is correct
(c) ii and iii are correct
(d) iv is correct
2. i) The French had occupied Java and Sumatra in 1640.
ii) The Dutch began their conquest of the English Settlements by capturing Malacca.
iii) Berlin Conference met to decide all issues connected with the Congo River basin.
iv) The possessions of Sultan of Zanzibar were divided into French and German spheres of influence.
(a) i is correct
(b) i and ii are correct
(c) iii is correct
(d) iv is correct
3. Assertion (A): In the Madras Presidency, the famine of 1876-78 was preceded by droughts.
Reason (R): Because of the colonial government’s policy of Laissez Faire in the trade of Food-grains.
(a) A is correct, R is wrong
(b) Both A & R are wrong
(c) A is correct, R is not the correct explanation of A
(d) A is correct, R is the correct explanation of A
4. Assertion (A): Berlin Conference agreed to the rule of Leopold II in Congo Free State.
Reason (R): Leopold II, King of Belgium, showed interest in Congo.
(a) Both A and R is correct and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R is correct and R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is correct and R is wrong
(d) A is wrong but R is correct
Match the following:
1. Leopold – Ethiopia
2. Menelik – Vietnam
3. Cecil Rhodes – Belgium
4. Bengal Famine – Cape colony
5. Bao Dai – 1770
Answers:
Choose the correct answers:
1. Penang island 2. Four 3. Cochin-China 4. Transvaal 5. Portuguese 6. Debt bondage
Fill in the blanks:
1. The Berlin Colonial 2. Permanent settlement 3. The land tax 4. Nattukottai Chettiyars
Consider the following statements and choose the correct answers:
1. Statement i is correct 2. Statement iii is correct 3. Statement A is correct and R is the correct explanation of A 4. Both A and R is correct and R is the correct explanation of A
Match the following:
1. Belgium 2. Ethiopia 3. Cape colony 4.1770 5. Vietnam