Landforms 7th Social Science Lesson 4 Questions in English
7th Social Science Lesson 4 Questions in English
4. Landforms
1. Which of the following leads to the upliftment and sinking of the earth’s surface at several places?
a) Exogenic process
b) Endogenic process
c) Offcogenic process
d) Both a and b
Explanation
The endogenic process (internal process) leads to the upliftment and sinking of the earth’s surface at several places.
2. ______is the continuous wearing down and rebuilding of the land surface.
a) Exogenic process
b) Endogenic process
c) Offcogenic process
d) Gradation
Explanation
The exogenic process (external process) is the continuous wearing down and rebuilding of the land surface.
3. The process that involves both erosion and deposition is called as
a) Exogenic process
b) Endogenic process
c) Offcogenic process
d) Gradation
Explanation
Gradation is the process of levelling of highlands through erosion and filling up of lowlands through deposition.
4. Which of the following process worn away landforms?
a) Weathering
b) Erosion
c) Deposition
d) Both a and b
Explanation
The landscape is being continuously worn away by two processes – weathering and erosion.
5. _____is the breaking and falling apart into small pieces of the rocks on the earth’s surface.
a) Erosion
b) Weathering
c) Both a and b
d) None of the above
Explanation
The landscape is being continuously worn away by two processes – weathering and erosion. Weathering is the breaking and falling apart into small pieces of the rocks on the earth’s surface.
6. What are all the agents of erosion?
a) Water
b) Wind
c) Ice
d) All the above
Explanation
Erosion is the wearing away of the landscape by different agents like water, wind, ice and sea waves. The eroded material is carried away by water, wind, etc. and eventually deposited. This process of erosion and deposition create different landforms on the surface of the earth.
7. The water flowing from its source to river mouth, along a definite course is called a
a) Stream
b) Glacial
c) River
d) All the above
Explanation
The water flowing from its source to river mouth, along a definite course is called a River. Rivers generally originate from a mountain or hill. The place of origin of the river is known as its Source. The place where it joins a lake or sea or an ocean is known as the River mouth.
8. The running water in the river erodes the landscape, which creates a steep-sided valley like the letter?
a) U
b) V
c) W
d) M
Explanation
The running water in the river erodes the landscape, which creates a steep-sided valley like the letter ‘V’ known as ‘V’ shaped valley.
9. A stream that branches off and flows away from a main stream is called as
a) Tributary
b) Distributary
c) Meander
d) Both a and b
Explanation
Tributary: A stream or river that flows into and joins a main river.
Distributary: A stream that branches off and flows away from a main stream.
10. Waterfalls are formed when these rocks erode?
a) Soft rocks
b) Hard rocks
c) Igneous rocks
d) None of the above
Explanation
Falling of river water over a vertical step in the river bed is called waterfall. It is formed when the soft rocks are removed by erosion. E.g. Coutrallam falls across the river Chittar in Tamil Nadu.
11. The highest waterfall is Angel Falls, it is located in
a) South Africa
b) Venezuela
c) Canada
d) None of the above
Explanation
The highest waterfall is Angel Falls of Venezuela in South America. The other waterfalls are Niagara Falls located on the border between Canada and USA in North America and Victoria Falls on the borders of Zambia and Zimbabwe in Africa.
12. ______is a hollow feature at the base of a waterfall which is formed by cavitation.
a) Plunge pool
b) Alluvial fan
c) Meanders
d) All the above
Explanation
Plunge pool is a hollow feature at the base of a waterfall which is formed by cavitation. Alluvial fan is a deposition of sediment occurs at which the river enters a plain or the foot-hills.
13. As the river enters the plain it twists and turns forming large bends known as
a) Plunge fool
b) Meander
c) Jeander
d) None of the above
Explanation
As the river enters the plain it twists and turns forming large bends known as Meanders. Eg. Meanders along the River Vellar near Sethiyathope in Cuddalore District, Tamil Nadu.
14. In due course of time the meander loop cuts off from the river and forms a
a) Cut off lake
b) Ox bow lake
c) Both a and b
d) None of the above
Explanation
Due to continuous erosion and deposition along the sides of the meander, the ends of the meander loop comes closer and closer. In due course of time the meander loop cuts off from the river and forms a cut- off lake, also called an Ox-bow lake.
15. The term ‘Meander’ has been named on the basis of Meander River of
a) Asia minor
b) Turkey
c) Jordon
d) Both a and b are same
Explanation
The term ‘Meander’ has been named on the basis of Meander River of Asia Minor (Turkey), it flows through numerous curves and turns.
16. At times the river overflows its banks. This leads to the flooding of the neighboring areas. The raised banks are called
a) Sediments
b) Flood plains
c) Levees
d) None of the above
Explanation
At times the river overflows its banks. This leads to the flooding of the neighboring areas. As the river floods, it deposits layers of fine soil and other material called sediments along its banks. This leads to the formation of a flat fertile floodplain. The raised banks are called levees.
17. As the river approaches the sea, the speed of the flowing water decreases and the river begins to break up into a number of streams called
a) Tributaries
b) Distributaries
c) Meander
d) All the above
Explanation
As the river approaches the sea, the speed of the flowing water decreases and the river begins to break up into a number of streams called distributaries.
18. The river deposits its load as it forms distributaries it is known as
a) Meander
b) Ox bow lake
c) Delta
d) None of the above
Explanation
The velocity of the river becomes so slow that it begins to deposit its load. Each distributary forms its own mouth. The collection of sediments from all the mouths form Delta. Deltas are excellent productive lands. They have more minerals which favor cultivation. E.g. Cauvery delta, Ganges delta, Mississippi delta.
19. A large body of ice moving slowly down a slope or valley due to gravity is called a
a) Ice dunes
b) Ice stones
c) Glacier
d) Both b and c
Explanation
A large body of ice moving slowly down a slope or valley due to gravity is called a glacier. Glaciers are grouped into Mountain or Valley Glaciers and Continental Glaciers.
20. An example for continental glacier are found in
a) Antarctica
b) America
c) Greenland
d) Both a and c
Explanation
Continental Glacier: The glacier covering vast areas of a continent with thick ice sheets. E.g. Antarctica, Greenland. Mountain or Valley Glacier is a stream of ice, flowing along a valley. It usually follows former river courses and are bounded by steep sides. E.g. The Himalayas and the Alps.
21. _______ is a glacially eroded rock basin, with a steep side wall and steep head wall, surrounding an armchair-shaped depression.
a) Cirque
b) Delta
c) Tarn
d) Both b and c
Explanation
Glaciers erode the landscape by levelling soil and stones to expose the solid rock below. Cirque is a glacially eroded rock basin, with a steep side wall and steep head wall, surrounding an armchair-shaped depression. E.g. Corrie – Scotland (United Kingdom), Kar – Germany.
22. As the ice melts, they get filled up the cirque with water and become beautiful lakes in the mountains called as _____.
a) Cut off lake
b) Ox bow lake
c) Meander lake
d) Tarn lake
Explanation
As the ice melts, they get filled up the cirque with water and become beautiful lakes in the mountains called as Tarn Lake.
23. When two adjacent cirques erode towards each other, the previously rounded landscape is transformed into a narrow rocky, steep – sided ridge called____.
a) Tarn lake
b) Inselbergs
c) Aretes
d) None of the above
Explanation
As the ice melts, they get filled up the cirque with water and become beautiful lakes in the mountains called as Tarn Lake. When two adjacent cirques erode towards each other, the previously rounded landscape is transformed into a narrow rocky, steep – sided ridge called Aretes.
24. ______ is found beneath the glaciers which is deepened and widened by the lateral and vertical erosion.
a) V shaped valley
b) U shaped valley
c) W shaped valley
d) All the above
Explanation
U’ Shaped Valley is found beneath the glaciers which is deepened and widened by the lateral and vertical erosion. The material carried by the glacier such as rocks – big and small, sand and silt gets deposited. These deposits form glacial moraines.
25. Mushroom rocks in the desert are formed due to
a) Water vapor
b) Water
c) Wind
d) Both a and b
Explanation
An active agent of erosion and deposition in the deserts is wind. In deserts you can see rocks in the shape of a mushroom, commonly called mushroom rocks.
26. An isolated residual hill, standing like a pillar with rounded tops are called
a) Arêtes
b) Moraines
c) Inselbergs
d) None of the above
Explanation
Winds erode the lower section of the rock more than the upper part. Therefore, such rocks have narrower base and wider top. An isolated residual hill, standing like a pillar with rounded tops are called Inselbergs. E.g. Inselberg in the Kalahari Desert of South Africa.
27. The crescent shaped sand dunes are called as
a) Moraines
b) Dunes
c) Barchans
d) None of the above
Explanation
When the wind blows, it lifts and transports sand from one place to another. When it stops blowing the sand falls and gets deposited in low hill – like structures. These are called sand dunes. The crescent shaped sand dunes are called Barchans.
28. When the sands are deposited over large area it is called as
a) Barchans
b) Sand dunes
c) Loess
d) None of the above
Explanation
When the wind blows, it lifts and transports sand from one place to another. When it stops blowing the sand falls and gets deposited in low hill – like structures. These are called sand dunes. The crescent shaped sand dunes are called Barchans. Northern China loess deposits are brought from the Gobi Desert.
29. _____ are steep rock faces formed, when the sea waves dash against them.
a) Sea caves
b) Sea cliffs
c) Loess
d) All the above
Explanation
The erosion and deposition of the sea waves give rise to coastal landforms. Sea Cliffs are steep rock faces formed, when the sea waves dash against them. Sea waves continuously strike at the rocks. Cracks develop. Over time they become larger and wider. Thus, hollow like caves are formed on the rocks. They are called Sea Caves.
30. As the cavities of sea caves become bigger and bigger only the roof of the caves remains, thus forming
a) Stacks
b) Sea arches
c) Lagoons
d) None of the above
Explanation
As the cavities of sea caves become bigger and bigger only the roof of the caves remains, thus forming Sea Arches. Further, erosion breaks the roof and only walls are left. These wall like features are called Stacks.
31. ______is an elongated deposition of sand or mud found in the sea, almost parallel to the coast.
a) Beaches
b) Sand bar
c) Lagoon
d) None of the above
Explanation
The sea waves deposit sediments of sand and gravel along the shores forming Beaches. Sand bar is an elongated deposition of sand or mud found in the sea, almost parallel to the coast.
32. The second longest beach in the world is the Marina beach in Chennai and the first one is
a) Golden beach
b) Silver beach
c) Miami beach
d) Both a and b
Explanation
The first longest beach in the world is the Miami beach in South Florida in U.S.A. The second longest beach in the world is the Marina beach in Chennai.
33. _____ is a shallow stretch of water partially or completely separated from the sea.
a) Sand bar
b) Beaches
c) Lagoon
d) All the above
Explanation
Lagoon is a shallow stretch of water partially or completely separated from the sea. E.g. Chilka lake in Odisha, Pulicat lake in Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh and Vembanad lake in Kerala are the famous lagoon in India.