Migration and Urbanisation 8th Social Science Lesson 13 Questions in English

8th Social Science Lesson 13 Questions in English

13. Migration and Urbanisation

1. According to UNO, Which is a form of geographical mobility of population between a geographical unit to another, generally involving a permanent change of residence?

a) Transportation

b) Migration

c) Population

d) Gathering

Explanation

United Nations Organization Definition: Migration is a form of geographical mobility of population between a geographical unit to another, generally involving a permanent change of residence.

2. Which of the following statement is correct

1) During the early days, people moved from one place to another in search of house.

2) When most of the people ceased to live in forest and adopted civilized life, they developed relationship with domesticated animals and fertile land.

a) Only 1

b) Only 2

c) Both 1 and 2

d) None

Explanation

During the early days, people moved from one place to another in search of food. When most of the people ceased to live in forest and adopted civilized life, they developed relationship with domesticated animals and fertile land.

3. The favourable factors Which attract people towards a location are called what?

a) Pull factor

b) Push factor

c) Migration factor

d) Shift factor

Explanation

The favourable factors Which attract people towards a location are called pull factors. The unfavourable factors Which make the people to move out from a location are called push factors.

4. Before permanent settlement, mankind used to be mobility in search of food Which is known as _______

a) Sapiens life

b) Tree life

c) Nomadic life

d) Domestic life

Explanation

Mobility of mankind changed considerably. They almost left the nomadic life and started to live in permanent settlements.

5. The natural events force the people to leave their native places and settle in the new areas, Which is known as _____

a) Demographic cause of migration

b) Economic cause of migration

c) Unchangeable cause of migration

d) Ecological cause of migration

Explanation

Ecological or Natural Causes of Migration are natural ones. They include volcanic eruption, earthquake, flood, drought etc. These events force the people to leave their native places and settle in the new areas.

6. Which of the following is not the economic causes that attract the migration?

a) Presence of low population area

b) Availability of fertile agricultural land

c) Employment opportunities

d) Development of technology

Explanation

The availability of fertile agricultural land, employment opportunities, development of technology etc., are some of the economic causes that attract the migration.

7. Which is the most important causes of human migration from one area to another?

a) Ecology

b) Economy

c) Socio culture

d) Demography

Explanation

Economy is one of the most important causes of human migration from one area to another. Various economic causes determine the level and direction of migration.

8. Which of the following is the economic cause that force the people to move out from their native places to the places?

a) Flood

b) Colonization

c) Low population

d) Unemployment

Explanation

The mass poverty and unemployment force the people to move out from their native places to the places where the better employment opportunities are available.

9. Migration of women after marriage comes under Which category of migration?

a) Ecological Causes of Migration

b) Socio-cultural causes of Migration

c) Political causes of Migration

d) Demographic causes of Migration

Explanation

Migration of women after marriage and migration associated with pilgrimage are based on the socio-cultural customs.

10. In Demographic causes of Migration Which is considered as push factor?

a) Over population

b) Under population

c) Pilgrimage

d) War

Explanation

Generally over population is considered as a push factor and under population to be pull factor in the context Demographic causes of migration.

11. Which of the following statement is correct

1) In demographic sense, the population composition like age and sex, over population and under population are the major causes of migration

2) It is well known fact that elderly are more migratory than any other age-groups.

a) Only 1

b) Only 2

c) Both 1 and 2

d) None

Explanation

In demographic sense, the population composition like age and sex, over population and under population are the major causes of migration. It is well known fact that adults are more migratory than any other age-groups.

12. Which of the following is not the cause of political migration

a) War

b) Colonization

c) Government policies

d) Unemployment

Explanation

Various political causes like colonization, wars, government policies etc. have always been playing important role in human migration from time to time.

13. The movement of people within a country is known as _____

a) Country migration

b) State migration

c) Internal migration

d) Intra migration

Explanation

The movement of people within a country is known as internal migration.

14. Which of the following statement is correct

1) Rural to Urban Migration is the movement of population from rural areas to growing cities mainly in search of employment, education and recreation facilities.

2) Urban to Urban Migration is the migration between one urban centre to the other like in search of higher salaries.

a) Only 1

b) Only 2

c) Both 1 and 2

d) None

Explanation

Rural to Urban Migration is the movement of population from rural areas to growing towns and cities mainly in search of employment, education and recreation facilities. Urban to Urban Migration is the migration between one urban centre to the other like in search of higher salaries.

15. Rural to Rural Migration is driven by Which factor?

a) Marriage

b) Unemployment

c) Pilgrimage

d) Salary hike

Explanation

Rural to Rural Migration is driven by fertile land for cultivation and other sociological factors like Marriage etc.

16. Which is the most common migration

a) Rural to Rural Migration

b) Rural to Urban Migration

c) Urban to Urban Migration

d) Urban to Rural Migration

Explanation

Rural to urban migration is the most common one.

17. Migration that occurs across the national boundaries are known as ____

a) National migration

b) Continental migration

c) International migration

d) Indo migration

Explanation

Migration that occurs across the national boundaries are known as international migration.

18. If the migration takes place on person’s free will, initiative and desire to live in a better place it is known as _____

a) Forced migration

b) Seasonal migration

c) Urban migration

d) Voluntary migration

Explanation

If the migration takes place on person’s free will, initiative and desire to live in a better place and to improve their financial status, the migration is said to be voluntary.

19. Which of the following statement is incorrect

1) Long term migration in Which the migrants stay outside at least for a few years.

2) Short term migration is staying outside only for a short duration before returning to the place of origin.

a) Only 1

b) Only 2

c) Both 1 and 2

d) None

Explanation

Short term migration: In this kind of migration, the migrants stay outside only for a short duration before returning to the place of origin. The duration may be from a few days to few months. (ii) Long term migration in Which the migrants stay outside at least for a few years.

20. The push factors like war may force the people to emigrate from a place to another is known as _____

a) Seasonal migration

b) Long term migration

c) Short term migration

d) Involuntary migration

Explanation

Involuntary or forced migration takes place against the will of migrants, the migration is termed as involuntary migration. The push factors like war may force the people to emigrate from a place is of this type.

21. People migrating to hill stations during summer and the migration of agricultural workers during sowing seasons belong to Which category?

a) Short term migration

b) Seasonal migration

c) Long term migration

d) Forced migration

Explanation

People migrating to hill stations during summer and the migration of agricultural workers during sowing seasons belong to seasonal migration.

22. Which of the following statement is incorrect

1) Seasonal migration is type of migration usually a group of people migrates from their native places during a particular season and returns after end of that season.

2) Agriculturist is another example of seasonal migration.

a) Only 1

b) Only 2

c) Both 1 and 2

d) None

Explanation

Seasonal migration is type of migration usually a group of people migrates from their native places during a particular season and returns after end of that season. Transhumance is another example of seasonal migration.

23. Which of the following statement is correct

1) Migration of females after their marriage leads to decline in sex ratio in the source regions and increase the sex ratio in the regions of destinations.

2) The migration of male workers in search of jobs decreases the dependent population of the source regions Which increases the dependency ratio

a) Only 1

b) Only 2

c) Both 1 and 2

d) None

Explanation

Migration of females after their marriage leads to decline in sex ratio in the source regions and increase the sex ratio in the regions of destinations. The migration of male workers in search of jobs decreases the independent population of the source regions Which increases the dependency ratio.

24. The migration of people from different regions towards an urban area leads to the formation of Which society?

a) Plural society

b) Singular society

c) Forward society

d) Backward society

Explanation

The migration of people from different regions towards an urban area leads to the formation of plural society.

25. Which of the following statement is correct

1) The migration of more people from over populated to under populated regions results the balance of the resource-population ratio.

2) In some cases, the regions of over and under population may become the regions of optimum population

a) Only 1

b) Only 2

c) Both 1 and 2

d) None

Explanation

The migration of more people from over populated to under populated regions results the imbalance of the resource-population ratio. In some cases, the regions of over and under population may become the regions of optimum population.

26. The migration of skilled people from economically backward countries move to developed countries in search of better opportunities is referred as?

a) Wealth dissolvement

b) Opportunity Drain

c) Brain Drain

d) Wealth drain

Explanation

Brain drain is a consequence of migration. Brain drain refers to the migration in Which skilled people from economically backward countries move to developed countries in search of better opportunities.

27. Which leads to the pollution of air, water and soil in urban areas?

a) Automobiles

b) Over population

c) Construction

d) Unemployment

Explanation

The over population in urban areas leads to the pollution of air, water and soil.

28. Which of the following is not the environmental problems prevail in urban areas?

a) Scarcity of drinking water

b) Lack of space of housing

c) Poor drainage

d) Unemployment

Explanation

Scarcity of drinking water, lack of space for housing, traffic congestions and poor drainage are the common environmental problems prevail in urban areas.

29. Which of the following statement is correct

1) Large scale movement of people from rural to urban areas causes overcrowding in cities and puts heavy pressure on resources.

2) It leads to rapid decline of cities.

a) Only 1

b) Only 2

c) Both 1 and 2

d) None

Explanation

Large scale movement of people from rural to urban areas causes overcrowding in cities and puts heavy pressure on resources. It leads to rapid growth of cities.

30. The process in Which there is an increase in the proportion of population living in towns and cities is known as

a) Migration

b) Industrialization

c) Urbanisation

d) Colonisation

Explanation

Urbanisation refers to the process in Which there is an increase in the proportion of population living in towns and cities.

31. Which of the following is not the driven factor of urbanisation?

a) Natural population growth

b) Rural to urban migration

c) The reclassification of rural areas into urban areas

d) Development of modern technology

Explanation

Urbanisation is driven by three factors: natural population growth, rural to urban migration and the reclassification of rural areas into urban areas.

32. The excess production of Which was the major reason for urbanisation?

a) Food grain

b) Child

c) Iron

d) Bricks

Explanation

The excess production of food grains was the major reason for urbanisation.

33. The urban centres started developing during Which period?

a) Medieval

b) Pre-historic

c) Modern day

d) Pro-historic

Explanation

The urban centres started developing during the pre-historic period (before 10000 years).

34. Which of the following statement is incorrect

1) During pre-historic period primitive man started domestication of plants and animals.

2) It was the period of development of permanent settlements.

a) Only 1

b) Only 2

c) Both 1 and 2

d) None

Explanation

During pre-historic period primitive man started domestication of plants and animals. It was the period of development of permanent settlements.

35. Which of the following is not the prehistoric cities of the world?

a) Athens in Greece

b) Hampi in India

c) Babylon in Mesopotamia

d) Alexandria in Egypt

Explanation

Ur and Babylon in Mesopotamia, Thebes and Alexandria in Egypt, Athens in Greece, Harappa and Mohenjodaro in India were noted prehistoric cities of the world.

36. Which region gave rise to agrarian communities Which eventually formed the urban communities and urban centres?

a) Mountain region

b) River valley region

c) Dessert region

d) Ocean region

Explanation

The river valley regions of the Egypt, Greece and India gave rise to agrarian communities Which eventually formed the urban communities and urban centres.

37. In ancient period the increase in the number and size of urban centres occurred during Whose colonizing periods?

a) India

b) China

c) Egypt

d) Romans

Explanation

In ancient period the increase in the number and size of urban centres occurred during the two great colonizing periods of the Greeks and Romans.

38. During Whose colonizing period, the expansion of trade promoted the growth of towns and cities?

a) British

b) Romans

c) Greek

d) Egypt

Explanation

During the Greek colonizing period, the expansion of trade promoted the growth of towns and cities.

39. Medieval period refers to timeline of Which period?

a) After 9th century

b) After 11th century

c) After 10th century

d) After 5th century

Explanation

Medieval Period: It refers to the period after the 11th century.

40. During the beginning of the 7th century itself many cities were found near Which sea?

a) Aegean Sea

b) Arabian Sea

c) Yellow sea

d) Red sea

Explanation

During the beginning of the 7th century itself many cities were found near the Aegean Sea.

41. Which of the following is not important cities found in Europe at the end of 13th century?

a) Milan

b) Constantinople

c) Paris

d) London

Explanation

At the end of the thirteenth century, Paris, London, Geneva, Milan and Venice were the important cities found in Europe.

42. Which revolution in the19th century accelerated the growth of towns and cities?

a) Green revolution

b) French revolution

c) Industrial revolution

d) White revolution

Explanation

The industrial revolution in the19th century accelerated the growth of towns and cities.

43. Modern period refers to Which century?

a) 14th century

b) 12th century

c) 18th century

d) 17th century

Explanation

Modern Period: This period starts from 17th century. It marks the third phase of development in urbanization.

44. Which of the following statement is correct

1) The Europeans with urban civilization gave birth to a large number of new towns in North America and Soviet Union

2) The modern means of transport and communication, the development of new trade routes had strengthened the trade centres and urban areas

a) Only 1

b) Only 2

c) Both 1 and 2

d) None

Explanation

The Europeans with urban civilization gave birth to a large number of new towns in North America and Soviet Union. The modern means of transport and communication, the development of new trade routes during 19th century had strengthened the trade centres and urban areas.

45. The latest development in urbanisation was noticed in the Which continent?

a) South America

b) Africa

c) Asia

d) Oceanic

Explanation

The latest development in urbanisation was noticed in the continent of Africa.

46. Which of the following is not the major city in Africa?

a) Cairo

b) Nairobi

c) Guangzhou

d) Natal

Explanation

Major cities in Africa are Cairo, Nairobi, Mombasa, Bulawayo, Duala, Abidian, Logos, Accra, Addis Abba, Leopoldville, Luanda, Cape Town, Natal, Pretoria etc.

47. Before 1930, Africa had towns only on its coasts but now it how many towns?

a) 75

b) 108

c) 48

d) 50

Explanation

Before 1930, Africa had towns only on its coasts but now it has 50 towns with population exceeding 1,00,000.

48. Which continent has the second highest urban population percentage?

a) North America

b) Latin America and Caribbean

c) Asia

d) Europe

Explanation

1. North America-82% 2. Latin America and Caribbean-81% 3. Europe -74% 4. Oceania-68% 5. Asia -50% 6. Africa-43%

49. Which city has the highest population in the world?

a) Tokyo

b) Delhi

c) Mexico City

d) Shanghai

Explanation

World top 5 population city 1. Tokyo (Japan) – 37 million 2. Delhi (India) – 29 million 3. Shanghai (China) – 26 million 4. Mexico City (Mexico) – 22 million 5. Sao Paulo (Brazil) – 22 million

50. There is a lack of space for housing and a marked reduction in the quality of housing in the urban areas due _____

a) Industrialisation

b) Unemployment

c) Increase in population

d) Lack of construction

Explanation

There is a lack of space for housing and a marked reduction in the quality of housing in the urban areas due to increase in population.

51. Rapid rate of urbanisation results the development of what?

a) Industry

b) Apartments

c) Automobile

d) Slums

Explanation

Rapid rate of urbanisation results the development of slums.

52. Over-crowding leads to Which environment in the urban areas?

a) Unhealthy

b) Healthy

c) Greenery

d) Technological

Explanation

Over-crowding leads to unhealthy environment in the urban areas. It also the cause of many diseases and riots.

53. Which of the following statement is incorrect

1) No city has round the clock water supply in the world.

2) Drainage situation is equally bad.

a) Only 1

b) Only 2

c) Both 1 and 2

d) None

Explanation

No city has round the clock water supply in the world. Drainage situation is equally bad. The removal of garbage is a Himalayan task for urban local bodies.

54. Which of the following statement is correct

1) Absence of planned and adequate arrangements for traffic and transport is another problem in urban centres.

2) The increasing number of roads make the traffic problem worse.

a) Only 1

b) Only 2

c) Both 1 and 2

d) None

Explanation

Absence of planned and adequate arrangements for traffic and transport is another problem in urban centres. The increasing number of two wheelers and cars make the traffic problem worse.

55. India, China and Nigeria together are expected to account for what percentage of the growth in the world’s urban population between 2018 and 2050?

a) 46%

b) 35%

c) 29%

d) 39%

Explanation

India, China and Nigeria together are expected to account for 35 % of the growth in the world’s urban population between 2018 and 2050.

56. In Which year, the global urban population exceeded the global rural population and the world population has remained predominantly urban thereafter?

a) 2005

b) 2002

c) 2007

d) 2004

Explanation

In 2007, for the first time in history, the global urban population exceeded the global rural population and the world population has remained predominantly urban thereafter

57. Which of the following statement is incorrect

1) Towns and cities are the major polluters of environment.

2) Several cities discharge their entire sewage and industrial effluents untreated into the nearby rivers.

a) Only 1

b) Only 2

c) Both 1 and 2

d) None

Explanation

Towns and cities are the major polluters of environment. Several cities discharge their entire sewage and industrial effluents untreated into the nearby rivers.

58. The pastoral farmers move with their herds seasonally or periodically between plains and mountains is called as _____

a) Transhumance

b) Emigration

c) Immigration

d) Urbanisation

Explanation

Transhumance is also called Seasonal Migration, where pastoral farmers move with their herds seasonally or periodically between plains and mountains.

59. Male migrants outnumber female migrants in Which continent?

a) Europe

b) Oceania

c) North America

d) Africa

Explanation

Female migrants outnumber male migrants in Europe, Northern America, Oceania and Latin America and the Caribbean, while in Africa and Asia, particularly Western Asia, migrants are predominantly men.

60. The number of international migrants worldwide has continued to grow rapidly in recent years, by 2017 it reached _____

a) 209 million

b) 258 million

c) 260 million

d) 250 million

Explanation

The number of international migrants worldwide has continued to grow rapidly in recent years, reaching 258 million in 2017, up from 220 million in 2010 and 173 million in 2000.

61. A migration in Which a person or group of people move into a new country is called ______

a) Immigration

b) Emigration

c) Transhumance

d) Emigrant

Explanation

A migration in Which a person or group of people move into a new country is called immigration.

62. An international migrant departing to another country by crossing the international boundary is called _____

a) Immigrant

b) Transhumance

c) Emigrant

d) Immigration

Explanation

An international migrant departing to another country by crossing the international boundary is called emigrant.