Reconstruction Of Post Colonial India 12th History Lesson 8 Questions in English

12th History Lesson 8 Questions in English

8] Reconstruction Of Post Colonial India

1. The partition of India involved which of the following?
2. Dividing the provinces of Bombay and Punjab
3. Dividing the provinces of Bengal and Punjab
4. Dividing the provinces of Bengal and Bihar
5. Dividing the provinces of Bengal and Delhi

Explanation

Freedom from colonial rule came with a price. The partition of India involved dividing the provinces of Bengal and Punjab into two.

1. Find out the correct statement during partition
2. Migration of Muslims from East Bengal to West Bengal
3. Migration of Hindus from Bihar and West Bengal to East Bengal
4. a only
5. b only
6. Both a & b
7. Neither a nor b

Explanation

Though not envisaged at the time of the division, it was followed by migration of Hindus from East Bengal to West Bengal and Muslims from Bihar and West Bengal to East Bengal.

1. Find out the incorrect statement about partition of India
2. Hindus and Sikhs in east Punjab had to migrate to western Punjab
3. Muslims in western Punjab had to migrate to eastern Punjab
4. a only
5. b only
6. Both a & b
7. Neither a nor b

Explanation

Hindus and Sikhs in West Punjab had to migrate to eastern Punjab and Muslims in eastern Punjab to western Punjab

1. The boundaries between India and Pakistan were to be determined based on which of the following factor?
2. Region
3. Religion
4. Caste
5. Language

Explanation

The boundaries between India and Pakistan were to be determined on the composition of the people in each village on their religion.

1. Find out the correct statement
2. Villages where the majority were Muslims were to constitute Pakistan
3. Villages where the Hindus were the majority to form India
4. 1 only
5. 2 only
6. Both 1 & 2
7. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

The proposal was that the religious minorities – whether Hindus or Muslims – in these villages were to stay on and live as Indians (in case of Muslims) and Pakistanis (in case of Hindus) wherever they were.

1. Which of the following are acted as markers of boundaries?
2. Rivers
3. Roads
4. Mountains
5. 1, 2, 3
6. 1, 2
7. 2, 3
8. 1, 3

Explanation

Villages where the majority were Muslims were to constitute Pakistan and where the Hindus were the majority to form India. There were other factors too: rivers, roads and mountains acted as markers of boundaries.

1. Which of the following villages were to remain part of the nation with which the village was contiguous
2. Villages where the Muslims were a majority and yet the village not contiguous with the proposed territory of Pakistan
3. Villages where the Muslims were a majority and yet the village not contiguous with the proposed territory of India
4. 1 only
5. 2 only
6. Both 1 & 2
7. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

There was a separate scheme for those villages where the Muslims were a majority and yet the village not contiguous with the proposed territory of Pakistan and those villages where the Hindus were a majority and yet not contiguous with the proposed territory of India: they were to remain part of the nation with which the village was contiguous.

1. During partition which of the following religious people demanded recognition of their religion?
2. Sikhs
3. Parsis
4. Zorastrians
5. None of the above

Explanation

A new complication had arisen by the time of partition and that was the recognition of Sikhs as a religious identity in Punjab, in addition to the Hindus, and the Muslims.

1. Which of the following was the preference of Akali dal during the time of partition?
2. Stay with Pakistan
3. Stay with India
4. Remain independent
5. Form a separate nation

Explanation

Akali dal had declared its preference to stay on with India irrespective of its people living in villages that would otherwise become part of Pakistan.

1. Prime Minister Atlee’s declaration on _______?
2. February 21, 1947
3. February 20, 1947
4. February 22, 1947
5. February 25, 1947
6. The declaration by Prime Minister Atlee, setting for the British to withdraw from India?
7. June 31, 1948
8. June 20, 1948
9. June 29, 1948
10. June 30, 1948

Explanation

This complex situation was the consequence of the fast pace of developments in Britain on the issue of independence to India. The declaration on February 20, 1947 by Prime Minister Atlee, setting June 30, 1948 for the British to withdraw from India

1. Mountbatten’s arrival as viceroy replacing Wavell on
2. March 22, 1947
3. March 21, 1947
4. March 12, 1946
5. March 22, 1946

Explanation

Mountbatten’s arrival as viceroy replacing Wavell on March 22, 1947 had set the stage for the transfer of power to Indians

1. On which of the following day Mountbatten advanced the date of British withdrawal to August15, 1947?
2. June 3, 1947
3. June 4, 1947
4. June 6, 1947
5. June 13, 1947

Explanation

Mountbatten’s arrival as viceroy replacing Wavell on March 22, 1947 had set the stage for the transfer of power to Indians. This was when the Muslim League leadership had gathered the support of a vast majority of the Muslim community behind it and disputing the claims of the Congress to represent all Indians. On June 3, 1947, Mountbatten advanced the date of British withdrawal to August 15, 1947.

1. The Mountbatten plan for independence along with partition of India was accepted at the AICC meeting on?
2. June 15, 1947
3. July 15, 1947
4. June 12, 1947
5. June 14, 1947

Explanation

As for the communal question and the issue of two nations, the proposal was to hand over power to two successor dominion governments of India and Pakistan.

1. The AICC meeting on June 14, 1947 held at?
2. Bombay
3. Bengal
4. Meerut
5. Surat

Explanation

The division of Bengal and the Punjab, as proposed, meant partition – a reality to which Congress finally reconciled. The Mountbatten plan for independence along with partition of India was accepted at the AICC meeting at Meerut on June 14, 1947.

1. Find out the incorrect statement about partition?
2. Gandhi, who had supported the idea of division in the past
3. Now opposed the idea of division vehemently
4. Gandhi explained the change
5. 1 only
6. 1, 2
7. 2, 3
8. 1, 2, 3

Explanation

Gandhi, who had opposed the idea of division with vehemence in the past, now conceded its inevitability. Gandhi explained the change.

1. Which of the following leads to the congress, for not resisting the partition?
2. Communal violence in Bengal
3. Participation of people in communal violence in Bengal
4. Communal violence in Punjab
5. 1, 2
6. 2, 3
7. 1, 2, 3
8. 1, 3

Explanation

Gandhi held that the unabated communal violence and the participation in it of the people across the Punjab and in Bengal had left himself and the Congress with no any strength to resist partition.

1. Assassination of the Mahatma Gandhi on?
2. January 30, 1948
3. January 20, 1948
4. January 29, 1948
5. January 31, 1948

Explanation

The canker of communalism and the partition system that the colonial collaborators produced took its toll on the infant Indian nation. It began with the assassination of the Mahatma on January 30, 1948.

1. Who said “Long years ago we made a tryst with destiny, and now the time comes when we shall redeem our pledge, not wholly or in full measure, but very substantially….”?
2. Gandhi
3. Nehru
4. Rajaji
5. Subramanya Iyer

Explanation

Jawaharlal Nehru put this aptly in his address to the members of the Constituent Assembly in the intervening night on August 14/15, 1947, in which he laid out the roadmap, its ideals and the inevitability of taking such a path. “Long years ago we made a tryst with destiny, and now the time comes when we shall redeem our pledge, not wholly or in full measure, but very substantially….”

1. Which of the following are the challenges before free India?
2. Consequences of partition
3. Planning the economy
4. Reforming the education system
5. Making a Constitution
6. 1, 2, 3
7. 3, 4, 1
8. 1, 2, 3, 4
9. 1, 2, 4

Explanation

The challenges before free India included grappling with the consequences of partition, planning the economy and reforming the education system making a Constitution that reflected the aspirations kindled by the freedom struggle, merger of the Princely states (more than 500 in number and of different sizes), and resolving the diversity on the basis of languages spoken by the people with the needs of a nation-state. Further, a foreign policy that was in tune with the ideals of democracy, sovereignty and fraternity had to be formulated.

1. Which of the following was consequences of partition?
2. Resolving the diversity on the basis of languages spoken by the people
3. Foreign policy that was in tune with the ideals of democracy, sovereignty had to be formulated
4. 1 only
5. 2 only
6. Both 1 & 2
7. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

Resolving the diversity on the basis of languages spoken by the people with the needs of a nation-state. Further, a foreign policy that was in tune with the ideals of democracy, sovereignty and fraternity had to be formulated.

1. The time left between the day of Mountbatten’s announcement and to the day of transfer of power?
2. 72
3. 71
4. 73
5. 74

Explanation

Lord Mountbatten’s announcement of his plan on June 3, 1947 and advancing the date of transfer of power to August 15, 1947. The time left between the two dates was a mere 72 days.

1. Find out the correct statement about partition
   1. The partition of India on Hindu–Muslim lines was put forth as a demand by the Muslim League ever since its Lucknow session
   2. But its architecture began only with Lord Mountbatten’s announcement of his plan on June 3, 1947 and advancing the date of transfer of power to August 15, 1947
2. 1 only
3. 2 only
4. Both 1 & 2
5. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

The partition of India on Hindu–Muslim lines was put forth as a demand by the Muslim League in vague terms ever since its Lahore session (March 1940). But its architecture and execution began only with Lord Mountbatten’s announcement of his plan on June 3, 1947 and advancing the date of transfer of power to August 15, 1947.

1. Arrange the following in chronological order
2. Mountbatten arrival
3. Atlee declaration
4. Mountbatten declaration
5. AICC meeting at Meerut
6. Assassination of Gandhi
7. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
8. 2, 1, 3, 4, 5
9. 1, 2, 4, 3, 5
10. 1, 3, 2, 4, 5

Explanation

The declaration on February 20, 1947 by Prime Minister Atlee. Mountbatten’s arrival as viceroy replacing Wavell on March 22, 1947On June 3, 1947, Mountbatten advanced the date of British withdrawal to August 15, 1947. The Mountbatten plan for independence along with partition of India was accepted at the AICC meeting at Meerut on June 14, 1947. The assassination of the Mahatma on January 30, 1948.

1. Radcliffe arrived in India on?
2. July 18, 1947
3. July 28, 1946
4. July 8, 1947
5. July 28, 1947
6. Find out the incorrect statement
7. Sir Cyril Radcliffe, a teacher by training with no exposure to India
8. He was sent from German to re-draw the map of India.
9. Its execution was left to the dominion governments of India and Pakistan after August 15, 1948.
10. 1, 2
11. 2, 3
12. 1, 3
13. 1, 2, 3

Explanation

Sir Cyril Radcliffe, a lawyer by training with no exposure to India and its reality, was sent from London to re-draw the map of India. Its execution was left to the dominion governments of India and Pakistan after August 15, 1947.

1. Find out the correct statement about boundary commission
2. Radcliffe was given charge of presiding over two Boundary Commissions
3. One for the Punjab and the other for Bombay
4. Three judges from the Muslim community and two from the Hindu community were included
5. 1, 2
6. 2 only
7. 1 only
8. None of the above

Explanation

Radcliffe arrived in India on July 8, 1947. He was given charge of presiding over two Boundary Commissions: one for the Punjab and the other for Bengal. Two judges from the Muslim community and two from the Hindu community were included

1. Find out the correct statement about boundary commission
2. The commissions were left with five weeks to identify villages as Hindu or Muslim majority on the basis of the 1942 census.
3. It is widely accepted that the census of 1942
4. 1 only
5. 2 only
6. Both 1 & 2
7. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

The commissions were left with five weeks to identify villages as Hindu or Muslim majority on the basis of the 1941 census. It is widely accepted that the census of 1941, conducted in the midst of the World War II led to faulty results everywhere.

1. Which of the followings were constrains for boundary commission?
2. Contiguity of villages
3. Demands of the Sikh community
4. Economy of the villages
5. 1, 2
6. 1, 3
7. 1, 2, 3
8. 2, 3

Explanation

The commissions were also constrained by factors such as contiguity of villages and by demands of the Sikh community that villages in West Punjab where their shrines were located be taken into India irrespective of the population of Sikhs in those villages.

1. The two commissions submitted the report on which of the following day
2. August 9, 1948
3. August 19, 1947
4. September 9, 1948
5. August 9, 1947

Explanation

Mountbatten’s dispensation, meanwhile, decided to postpone the execution of the boundaries to a date after power was transferred to the two dominions.

1. The contours of the two dominions – India and Pakistan – were drawn in the scheme on
2. August 13/14, 1947
3. August 14/15, 1948
4. August 15/16, 1947
5. August 14/15, 1947

Explanation

The contours of the two dominions – India and Pakistan – were drawn in the scheme on August 14/15, 1947 insofar as the administration was concerned; the people, however, were not informed about the new map when they celebrated Independence Day on August 14/15, 1947.

1. Which of the followings would go to Pakistan during partition?
2. North western frontier
3. Sind
4. Baluchistan
5. West Bengal
6. 1, 3, 4
7. 1, 2, 3
8. 1, 2, 4
9. 1, 2, 3, 4

Explanation

Radcliffe’s award contained all kinds of anomalies. The other provinces, which were geographically contiguous with Pakistan such as Sind, Baluchistan and the North-West Frontier Provinces would go to Pakistan

1. Find out the incorrect statement
2. The provincial assembly in Punjab had resolved that East Punjab would go to Pakistan.
3. The Bengal Assembly, resolved that the western parts of the province were to constitute Pakistan on this side.
4. 1 only
5. 2 only
6. Both 1 & 2
7. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

The provincial assembly in Punjab had resolved that West Punjab would go to Pakistan. The Bengal Assembly, resolved that the eastern parts of the province were to constitute Pakistan on this side.

1. Find out the incorrect statement
2. The award Radcliffe presented, on August 19, 1947
3. It marked 62,000 square miles of land that was hitherto part of the Punjab to Pakistan.
4. The total population of this region was 15,800,000 people of whom 11,850,000 were Muslims.
5. Almost a quarter of the population in West Punjab – were non-Muslims

Explanation

The award Radcliffe presented, on August 9, 1947, marked 62,000 square miles of land that was hitherto part of the Punjab to Pakistan. The total population (based on the 1941 census) of this region was 15,800,000 people of whom 11,850,000 were Muslims. Almost a quarter of the population in this territory – West Punjab – were non-Muslims; and the Mountbatten Plan as executed by Sir Radcliffe meant they continued to live as minorities in Pakistan

1. Find out the correct statement
2. East Punjab that was to be part of India was demarcated to consist of 37,000 square miles of territory with a population of 12,600,000.
3. More than a sixth of the population in east Punjab would be Muslims.
4. 1 only
5. 2 only
6. Both 1 & 2
7. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

East Punjab that was to be part of India was demarcated to consist of 37,000 square miles of territory with a population of 12,600,000. Of this, 4,375,000 were Muslims. In other words, more than a third of the population in east Punjab would be Muslims.

1. Find out the correct statement
2. The demographic composition of the Indian and Pakistani parts of Bengal was no less complicated.
3. West Bengal that remained part of India accounted for an area of 28,000 square miles
4. Population of west Bengal of 2120000 out of which 5,300,000 were Muslim
5. 1, 2
6. 2, 3
7. 3, 1
8. 1, 2, 3

Explanation

The demographic composition of the Indian and Pakistani parts of Bengal was no less complicated. West Bengal that remained part of India accounted for an area of 28,000 square miles with a population of 21,200,00 out of which 5,300,000 were Muslims; in other words, Muslims constituted a quarter of the population of the Indian part of the former Bengal province.

1. Find out the correct statement
2. Sir Radcliffe’s commission marked 49,400 square miles of territory from former Bengal with 39,100,000 people for Pakistan.
3. The Muslim population there, according to the 1941 census, was 27,700,000
4. 1 only
5. 2 only
6. Both 1 & 2
7. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

Sir Radcliffe’s commission marked 49,400 square miles of territory from former Bengal with 39,100,000 people for Pakistan. The Muslim population there, according to the 1941 census, was 27,700,000. In other words, 29 per cent of the population were Hindus.

1. East Pakistan which became Bangladesh in __________?
2. December 1971
3. November 1971
4. August 1971
5. September 1971
6. East Pakistan was constituted by putting together which of the following?
7. Sylhet district of Assam
8. The district of Khulna
9. The Chittagong Hill tracts
10. 1, 2
11. 2, 3
12. 1, 2, 3
13. 1, 3

Explanation

East Pakistan (which became Bangladesh in December 1971) was constituted by putting together the eastern part of divided Bengal, Sylhet district of Assam, the district of Khulna in the region and also the Chittagong Hill tracts.

1. Which of the following districts were left to remain in India?
2. Murshidabad
3. Malda
4. Nadia
5. 1, 2
6. 2, 3
7. 3, 1
8. 1, 2, 3

Explanation

Such districts of Bengal as Murshidabad, Malda and Nadia which had a substantially large Muslim population were left to remain in India. The exercise was one without a method.

1. Find out the correct statement
2. The re-drawn map of India was left with the two independent governments by the colonial rulers.
3. It was left to the two independent governments to fix the exact boundaries.
4. 1 only
5. 2 only
6. Both 1 & 2
7. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

The re-drawn map of India was left with the two independent governments by the colonial rulers. It was left to the independent governments of India and Pakistan to fix the exact boundaries. However, the understanding was that the religious minorities in both the nations.

1. Which of the following would continue to live as minorities but as citizens in their nations?
2. The Hindus in West Pakistan
3. The Muslims in East Pakistan
4. The Muslims in India
5. The Hindus in East Punjab
6. 3, 2
7. 2, 3, 4
8. 1, 3
9. 1, 2, 3, 4

Explanation

The re-drawn map of India was left with the two independent governments by the colonial rulers. It was left to the independent governments of India and Pakistan to fix the exact boundaries. However, the understanding was that the religious minorities in both the nations – the Hindus in West and East Pakistan and the Muslims in India, in East Punjab and West Bengal as well as in United Provinces and elsewhere – would continue to live as minorities but as citizens in their nations.

1. Find out the correct statement
2. After the partition, there were as many as 12 million Muslims in India
3. After partition, there were 10 million non-Muslims in Pakistan
4. 1 only
5. 2 only
6. Both 1 & 2
7. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

After the partition, there were as many as 42 million Muslims in India and 20 million non-Muslims (Hindus, Sindhis and Sikhs) in Pakistan. The vivisection of India, taking place as it did in the middle of heightened Hindu-Muslim violence, had rendered a smooth transition impossible.

1. Find out the incorrect statement
2. Despite the conspicuous exhibition of Hindu–Muslim unity during the RIN mutiny the polity resembled a volcano after partition.
3. Communal riots had become normal in many parts of India.
4. Communal riots most pronounced in the Punjab and Bombay.
5. A and B

Explanation

Despite the conspicuous exhibition of Hindu–Muslim unity during the RIN mutiny and the INA trials, the polity now resembled a volcano. Communal riots had become normal in many parts of India, and were most pronounced in the Punjab and Bengal.

1. Find out the correct statement
2. Minorities on both sides of the divide lived in fear and insecurity even as the two nations were born
3. Gandhi, who led the struggle for freedom from the front and whom the colonial rulers found impossible to ignore, stayed far away from New Delhi and observed a fast on August 15, 1947.
4. 1 only
5. 2 only
6. Both 1 & 2
7. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

Minorities on both sides of the divide lived in fear and insecurity even as the two nations were born. That Gandhi, who led the struggle for freedom from the front and whom the colonial rulers found impossible to ignore, stayed far away from New Delhi and observed a fast on August 15, 1947, was symbolic. The partition brought about a system in place where the minorities on either side were beginning to think of relocating to the other side due to fear and insecurity.

1. Find out the incorrect statement
2. As violence spread, police remained mute spectators.
3. This triggered more migration of the minorities from both nations.
4. In the four months between August and November 1947, as many as seven-and-a-half million people left West Pakistan to India, reaching towns in East Punjab or Delhi
5. A and B

Explanation

As violence spread, police remained mute spectators. This triggered more migration of the minorities from both nations. In the four months between August and November 1947, as many as four-and-a-half million people left West Pakistan to India, reaching towns in East Punjab or Delhi.

1. Five-and-a-half million Muslims left their homes in India from which of the following places to live in Pakistan
2. East Punjab
3. United Provinces
4. Delhi
5. 1, 2
6. 2, 3
7. 3, 1
8. 1, 2, 3

Explanation

Five-and-a-half million Muslims left their homes in India (East Punjab, United Provinces and Delhi) to live in Pakistan. A large number of those who left their homes on either side of the newly marked border thought they would return after things normalised; but that was not to be. Similar migration happened between either sides of the new border in Bengal too.

1. The long line of refugees walking crossing the borders was called as?
2. Kafila
3. Caliphs
4. Mafila
5. None of the above

Explanation

In both countries property left behind by the fleeing families were up for grabs. The long line of refugees walking crossing the borders was called ‘kafila’. The refugees on the march were targets for gangs belonging to the ‘other’ community to wreak vengeance.

1. Trains from either side of the new border in the _________ were targeted by killer mobs?
2. Bengal
3. Bombay
4. Punjab
5. Meerut

Explanation

Trains from either side of the new border in the Punjab were targeted by killer mobs and many of those reached their destination with piles of dead bodies. The violence was of such a scale that those killed the numbers of remains mere estimates. The number ranges between 200,000 to 500,000 people dead and 15 million people displaced.

1. “Unbiased at least he was when he arrived on his mission, having never set eyes on the land he was called to partition” is a poem by?
2. W.H. Auden
3. Rabindranath Tagore
4. Eavan boland
5. Donald justice
6. Consider the following statements, find out the correct answer
7. He records 500,000 non-Muslim refugees flowing into the Punjab and Delhi in 1947-48.
8. He also records that several thousand Muslims were forced out of their homes in Delhi and nearby places by violent mobs to seek asylum in camps set up around the Red Fort
9. Gyanendra Pandey
10. Romila Thapar
11. Irfan Habib
12. R.C. Majumdar

Explanation

Historian Gyanendra Pandey records 500,000 non-Muslim (Hindus and Sikhs) refugees flowing into the Punjab and Delhi in 1947-48. Pandey also records that several thousand Muslims were forced out of their homes in Delhi and nearby places by violent mobs to seek asylum in camps set up around the Red Fort and the Purana Quila. Refugee camps were set up but they had hardly any sanitation and water supply.

1. On which day Nehru and Liaquat Ali Khan signed the Delhi pact?
2. April 8, 1950
3. May 18, 1950
4. April 6, 1951
5. April 8, 1952

Explanation

Even as late as in April 1950, the political leadership of the two nations wished and hoped to restore normality and the return of those who left their homes on either side. On April 8, 1950, Nehru and Liaquat Ali Khan signed the Delhi pact, with a view to restoring confidence among the minorities on both sides.

1. Find out the correct statement?
2. The delhi pact however, failed to change the ground reality
3. The wounds caused by the partition violence hardly healed even after decades.
4. Scores of literary works stand testimony to the trauma of partition.
5. 1, 2
6. 2, 3
7. 3, 1
8. 1, 2, 3

Explanation

Even while the pact was signed the Government of India was also working on measures to rehabilitate those who had left West Punjab to the East and to Delhi and render them vocational skills and training. The wounds caused by the partition violence hardly healed even after decades. Scores of literary works stand testimony to the trauma of partition.

1. Find out the incorrect statement
2. The partition posed a bigger challenge before Nehru and the Constituent Assembly to draft the fundamental law of the country
3. The partition does not posed a bigger challenge before Nehru and the Constituent Assembly to draft the fundamental law of the country
4. 1 only
5. 2 only
6. Both 1 & 2
7. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

The partition posed a bigger challenge before Nehru and the Constituent Assembly, now engaged with drafting the founding and the fundamental law of the nation: to draft a constitution that is secular, democratic and republican as against Pakistan’s decision to become an Islamic Republic.

1. Making of constitution was a demand from the Indian National Congress, voiced formally in?
2. 1932
3. 1934
4. 1945
5. 1942

Explanation

It was a demand from the Indian National Congress, voiced formally in 1934, that the Indian people shall draft their constitution rather than the British Parliament. The Congress thus rejected the White Paper circulated by the colonial government.

1. The founding principle that Indians shall make their own constitution was laid down by whom as early as in 1922?
2. Vallabhbai Patel
3. Mahatma Gandhi
4. Jawaharlal Nehru
5. Shaukat Ali
6. Who had held that rather than a gift of the British Parliament, swaraj must spring from ‘the wishes of the people of India as expressed through their freely chosen representatives’
7. Vallabhbai Patel
8. Mahatma Gandhi
9. Jawaharlal Nehru
10. Shaukat Ali

Explanation

The founding principle that Indians shall make their own constitution was laid down by Gandhi as early as in 1922. Gandhi had held that rather than a gift of the British Parliament, swaraj must spring from ‘the wishes of the people of India as expressed through their freely chosen representatives’.

1. Find out the correct statement
2. Elections were held, based on the 1935 Act, to the Provincial Assemblies in August 1945.
3. These elected assemblies in turn were to elect the Central Assembly
4. The central assembly would also become the provincial Assembly
5. A and C

Explanation

Elections were held, based on the 1935 Act, to the Provincial Assemblies in August 1946. These elected assemblies in turn were to elect the Central Assembly, which would also become the Constituent Assembly.

1. Find out the incorrect statement
2. The election held during July 1946 was based on universal adult suffrage
3. The voters in the July 1946 elections to the provinces were persons who owned property
4. 1 only
5. 2 only
6. Both 1 & 2
7. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

The voters in the July 1946 elections to the provinces were those who owned property – the principle of universal adult franchise was still a far cry.

1. Find out the correct statement
2. The results of 1946 election revealed the Muslim League’s command in Muslim majority constituencies
3. The Indian National Congress swept the elections elsewhere.
4. The League decided to stay in the Constitution making process
5. A and B

Explanation

The results revealed the Muslim League’s command in Muslim majority constituencies while the Indian National Congress swept the elections elsewhere. The League decided to stay away from the Constitution making process and pressed hard for a separate nation.

1. The constituent assembly consisted of which of the following?
2. Congress
3. Socialists
4. Communists
5. 1, 2
6. 1, 3
7. 1, 2, 3
8. 1 only

Explanation

The Constituent Assembly (224 seats) that came into being, though dominated by the Congress, also included smaller outfits such as the communists, socialists and others.

1. Find out the incorrect statements
2. The Congress went for the Constituent assembly.
3. The elected members of the various Princely state assemblies voted nominees of the Congress to the Constituent Assembly.
4. The Constituent Assembly that came into being mainly dominated by the Congress.
5. 1 only
6. 2 only
7. 2, 3 only
8. None of the above

Explanation

The Congress went for the Constituent assembly. The elected members of the various Provincial assemblies voted nominees of the Congress to the Constituent Assembly.

1. Who is the chairman of the drafting committee?
2. Ambedkar
3. Rajendra Prasad
4. Vallabhbhai Patel
5. Pattabi sitaramaiya
6. The Congress ensured the election of Dr B.R. Ambedkar from a seat in________?
7. Bengal
8. Punjab
9. Varanasi
10. Bombay

Explanation

The Congress ensured the election of Dr B.R. Ambedkar from a seat in Bombay and subsequently elected him chairman of the drafting committee. Apart from electing its own stalwarts to the Assembly, the Congress leadership made it a point to send leading constitutional lawyers.

1. Fundamental Rights Resolution passed by the Indian National Congress at which of the following session?
2. Lahore
3. Banaras
4. Karachi
5. Gaya

Explanation

Constituent assembly was to make a constitution that contained the idealism that marked the freedom struggle and the meaning of swaraj, as specified in the Fundamental Rights Resolution passed by the Indian National Congress at its Karachi session.

1. Find out the correct statement about Indian constitution
2. The constitution committed the nation to the principle of universal adult franchise
3. An autonomous election commission.
4. The constitution also underscored the independence of the judiciary
5. 1, 2
6. 2, 3
7. 1, 3
8. 1, 2, 3

Explanation

The constitution committed the nation to the principle of universal adult franchise, and an autonomous election commission. The constitution also underscored the independence of the judiciary as much as it laid down sovereign law-making powers with the representatives of the people.

1. The fundamental rights resolution passed in Karachi session held on _______, which laid the foundation for making of our constitution
2. July 1931
3. March 1931
4. June 1932
5. May 1932

Explanation

Constituent assembly was to make a constitution that contained the idealism that marked the freedom struggle and the meaning of swaraj, as specified in the Fundamental Rights Resolution passed by the Indian National Congress at its Karachi session (March 1931). This, indeed, laid the basis for the making of our constitution a document conveying an article of faith guaranteeing to the citizens a set of fundamental rights as much as a set of directive principles of state policy.

1. Find out the incorrect statement
2. The members of the constituent assembly were not averse to learn and pick up features from the constitutions from all over the world
3. The members of the constituent assembly were averse to learn and pick up features from the constitutions from all over the world
4. 1 only
5. 2 only
6. Both 1 & 2
7. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

The members of the constituent assembly were not averse to learn and pick up features from the constitutions from all over the world; and at the same time they were clear that the exercise was not about copying provisions from the various constitutions from across the world.

1. Objectives Resolution placed before the Constituent Assembly on_________?
2. December 15, 1946
3. December 11, 1946
4. December 9, 1946
5. December 13, 1946

Explanation

Jawaharlal Nehru set the ball rolling, on December 13, 1946, by placing the Objectives Resolution before the Constituent Assembly.

1. Who was elected as chairman of constituent assembly?
2. Pattabi sitaramaiya
3. Rajendra Prasad
4. Vallabhbhai patel
5. Jawaharlal Nehru
6. The assembly was convened for the first time on_________?
7. December 9, 1946
8. December 19, 1946
9. December 11, 1946
10. December 13, 1946

Explanation

The assembly was convened for the first time, on December 9, 1946. Rajendra Prasad was elected chairman of the House.

1. The importance of the objective resolution can be understood through which of the following?
2. Preamble to the Constitution
3. Fundamental Rights
4. Directive Principles of State Policy
5. Emergency
6. 1, 2, 4
7. 1, 2, 3
8. 1, 3, 4
9. 1, 2, 3, 4

Explanation

The Objectives Resolution is indeed the most concise introduction to the spirit and the contents of the Constitution of India. The importance of this resolution can be understood if we see the Preamble to the Constitution and the Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy.

1. The constitution of India was adopted on which of the following day?
2. November 29, 1949
3. November 27, 1949
4. January 26, 1950
5. November 26, 1949

Explanation

The Constitution of India, thus, marked a new beginning and yet established continuity with India’s past.

1. The Fundamental Rights drew everything from which of the following clause of the Objectives Resolution?
2. Clause 4
3. Clause 3
4. Clause 5
5. Clause 6

Explanation

The Fundamental Rights drew everything from clause 5 of the Objectives Resolution as much as from the rights enlisted by the Indian National Congress at its Karachi session.

1. Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), promulgated by the United Nations on_____?
2. December 10, 1948
3. September 20, 1947
4. November 10, 1948
5. December 30, 1949
6. . The spirit of the Constitution was drawn from the experience of
7. The struggle for freedom
8. The legal language
9. The Objectives Resolution
10. 1, 2
11. 2, 3
12. 3, 1
13. 1, 2, 3

Explanation

The spirit of the Constitution was drawn from the experience of the struggle for freedom and the legal language from the Objectives Resolution and most importantly from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), promulgated by the United Nations on December 10, 1948.

1. Find out the incorrect statement
2. The adoption of the Constitution on November 26, 1949 was only the beginning of a bold new experiment by the infant nation.
3. There were a host of other challenges that the nation and its leaders faced
4. 1 only
5. 2 only
6. Both 1 & 2
7. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

There were a host of other challenges that the nation and its leaders faced and they had to be addressed even while the Constituent Assembly met and started its job of drafting independent India’s constitution. Among them was the integration of the Indian States or the Princely States.

1. Which of the following refused to access with India?
2. Kashmir
3. Junagadh
4. Hyderabad
5. Madras
6. 1, 3, 2
7. 1, 3, 4
8. 1, 2, 3
9. 1, 2, 3, 4
10. Find out the correct statement
11. The task of integrating the Princely States into the Indian Union was achieved with such speed that by August 15, 1947
12. Except Kashmir, Junagadh and Hyderabad, all had agreed to sign an Instrument of Accession with India.
13. 1 only
14. 2 only
15. Both 1 & 2
16. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

The task of integrating the Princely States into the Indian Union was achieved with such speed that by August 15, 1947, except Kashmir, Junagadh and Hyderabad, all had agreed to sign an Instrument of Accession with India, acknowledging its central authority over Defence, External Affairs and Communications.

1. Find out the incorrect statement
2. The task of integrating these states, with one or the other Provinces of the Indian Union was accomplished with ease.
3. The resolution was passed at the All India States People’s Conference
4. That resolution says, states refusing to join the Constituent Assembly would be treated as hostile
5. 1, 2
6. 2, 3
7. All the above
8. None of the above

Explanation

The task of integrating these states, with one or the other Provinces of the Indian Union was accomplished with ease. The resolution passed at the All India States People’s Conference (December 1945 and April 1947) that states refusing to join the Constituent Assembly would be treated as hostile was enough to get the rulers to sign the Instrument of Accession in most cases.

1. Who was the Home Minister in the Interim Cabinet?
2. Vallabhai Patel
3. Pattabhi Sitaramayya
4. Jawaharlal Nehru
5. Rajendra Prasad

Explanation

The rapid unification of India was ably handled and achieved by Sardar Vallabhai Patel, who as Home Minister in the Interim Cabinet was also entrusted with the States Ministry for this purpose. The People’s Movements exerted pressure on the princes to accede to the Indian union.

1. Punnapra–Vayalar armed struggle held in which of the following state?
2. Travancore
3. Orissa
4. Assam
5. Madras

Explanation

The long, militant struggle that went on in the Travancore State for Responsible Government culminating in the Punnapra–Vayalar armed struggle against the Diwan, Sir C.P. Ramaswamy, the Praja Manda.

1. Some tribal agitations that took place in?
2. Orissa
3. Nilagiri
4. Dhenkanal
5. Talche
6. 1, 2, 3
7. 1, 3, 4
8. 1, 2, 4
9. 1, 2, 3, 4

Explanation

The long, militant struggle that went on in the Travancore State for Responsible Government culminating in the Punnapra–Vayalar armed struggle against the Diwan, Sir C.P. Ramaswamy, the Praja Mandal as well as some tribal agitations that took place in the Orissa region – Nilagiri, Dhenkanal and Talcher are all played a major role in integrating princely states.

1. The movement against the Maharaja of Mysore conducted by which of the following?
2. Indian National Congress
3. Muslim league
4. Shiromani akali dal
5. Communist party of India

Explanation

The movement against the Maharaja of Mysore conducted by the Indian National Congress played a major role in the integration of Princely States.

1. Instrument of Accession is a legal document, introduced in?
2. Government of India Act, 1909
3. Government of India Act, 1919
4. Government of India Act, 1935
5. Government of India Act, 1947

Explanation

Instrument of Accession: A legal document, introduced in Government of India Act, 1935, which was later used in the context of Partition enabling Indian rulers to accede their state to either India or Pakistan.

1. Find out the incorrect statement about merger of princely states
2. The problem posed by the recalcitrant ruler of Hyderabad, with the Nizam want to join with Pakistan
3. The ruler of Junagadh declared his kingdom as independent.
4. 1 only
5. 2 only
6. Both 1 & 2
7. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

There was the problem posed by the recalcitrant ruler of Hyderabad, with the Nizam declaring his kingdom as independent. The ruler of Junagadh wanted to join Pakistan, much against the wishes of the people.

1. Consider the following statements:

Assertion (A): The people of Kashmir waged a “Quit Kashmir” agitation against the Maharaja

Reason (R): Maharaja Hari Singh, declared that Kashmir would join with Pakistan

Codes:

1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
2. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
3. (A) is true but (R) is false
4. (A) is false but (R) is true

Explanation

The Hindu ruler of Kashmir, Maharaja Hari Singh, declared that Kashmir would remain independent while the people of the State under the leadership of the National Conference had waged a “Quit Kashmir” agitation against the Maharaja

1. The movement in Kashmir as well as the other Princely States were also against which of the following reason?
2. Practice of feudal land
3. Social relations prevailed there
4. Economy of the village
5. 1, 3
6. 1, 2
7. 2, 3
8. 1, 2, 3

Explanation

It must be stressed here that the movement in Kashmir as well as the other Princely States were also against the decadent practice of feudal land and social relations that prevailed there.

1. Hyderabad was merged with India by which of the following?
2. Police action
3. Referendum
4. Instrument of accession
5. Public vote

Explanation

“The police action” executed in Hyderabad within 48 hours after the Nizam declared his intentions demonstrated that India meant business.

1. Nizam’s militia, known as ____________?
2. Palayakkars
3. Razakkars
4. Commanders
5. None of the above

Explanation

“The police action” executed in Hyderabad within 48 hours after the Nizam declared his intentions demonstrated that India meant business. It was the popular anger against the Nizam and his militia, known as the Razakkars, that was manifest in the Telengana people’s movement led by the communists there which provided the legitimacy to “the police action”.

1. Find out the incorrect statement
2. Gandhi had been negotiating with the Maharaja of Kashmir since 1946
3. Hari Singh was opposed to accession
4. 1 only
5. 2 only
6. Both 1 & 2
7. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

Though Patel had been negotiating with the Maharaja of Kashmir since 1946, Hari Singh was opposed to accession.

1. In October 1947 which of the following were from Pakistan and raided Kashmir?
2. Baloch
3. Pashtuns
4. Marauders
5. Kashmiris

Explanation

Though Patel had been negotiating with the Maharaja of Kashmir since 1946, Hari Singh was opposed to accession. However, in a few months after independence – in October 1947 – marauders from Pakistan raided Kashmir and there was no way that Maharaja Hari Singh could resist this attack on his own.

1. Find out the correct statement
2. Before India went to Maharaja Hari Singh’s rescue the Instrument of Instruction was signed by him at the instance of Patel.
3. Thus Kashmir too became a union territory of the Indian Union.
4. 1 only
5. 2 only
6. Both 1 & 2
7. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

Before India went to Maharaja Hari Singh’s rescue the Instrument of Accession was signed by him at the instance of Patel. Thus Kashmir too became an integral part of the Indian Union.

1. Autonomous status to the State of Jammu and Kashmir under _____ article of the Constitution?
2. Article 270
3. Article 370
4. Article 377
5. Article 321

Explanation

Before India went to his rescue the Instrument of Accession was signed by him at the instance of Patel. Thus Kashmir too became an integral part of the Indian Union. This process and the commitment of the leaders of independent India to the concerns of the people of Kashmir led the Constituent Assembly to provide for autonomous status to the State of Jammu and Kashmir under Article 370 of the Constitution.

1. An important aspect of the making of independent India was the reorganization of states on which of the following basis?
2. Religion
3. Language
4. Caste
5. Goddess
6. Find out the incorrect statement
7. The colonial rulers had rendered the sub-continent into administrative units
8. Colonial rulers divided the land by way of Presidencies or Provinces with taking into account the language
9. Independence and the idea of a constitutional democracy meant that the people were sovereign
10. A and C

Explanation

The colonial rulers had rendered the sub-continent into administrative units, dividing the land by way of Presidencies or Provinces without taking into account the language and its impact on culture on a region. Independence and the idea of a constitutional democracy meant that the people were sovereign and that India was a multi-cultural nation where federal principles were to be adopted in a holistic sense and not just as an administrative strategy.

1. Find out the incorrect statement
2. The linguistic reorganization of states was raised and argued out in Constituent Assembly between 1947 and 1949.
3. The assembly however immediately decided to reorganize the states based on language
4. 1 only
5. 2 only
6. Both 1 & 2
7. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

The linguistic reorganization of states was raised and argued out in Constituent Assembly between 1947 and 1949. The assembly however decided to hold it in abeyance for a while on the grounds that the task was huge and could create problems in the aftermath of the partition and the accompanying violence.

1. Andhra Pradesh was formed in______?
2. 1965
3. 1957
4. 1955
5. 1956

Explanation

After the Constitution came into force it began to be implemented in stages, beginning with the formation of a composite Andhra Pradesh in 1956.

1. Punjab was trifurcated in the year of _______?
2. 1956
3. 1967
4. 1966
5. 1976

100. Punjab was trifurcated into which of the following?

1. Punjab
2. Haryana
3. Delhi
4. Himachal Pradesh
5. 1, 2, 3
6. 1, 3, 4
7. 1, 2, 4
8. 1, 2, 3, 4

Explanation

The trifurcation of Punjab to constitute a Punjabi-speaking state of Punjab and carving out Haryana and Himachal Pradesh from the existing state of Punjab in 1966.

101. Find out the correct statement

1. The idea of linguistic reorganization of states was integral to the national movement, at least since 1850.
2. The Indian National Congress, at its Madras session (1920), recorded that the national identity will have to be necessarily achieved through linguistic identity
3. 1 only
4. 2 only
5. Both 1 & 2
6. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

The idea of linguistic reorganization of states was integral to the national movement, at least since 1920. The Indian National Congress, at its Nagpur session (1920), recorded that the national identity will have to be necessarily achieved through linguistic identity and resolved to set up the Provincial Congress Committees on a linguistic basis.

102. Linguistic reorganization of took concrete expression in the Nehru Committee Report of _____?

1. 1926
2. 1928
3. 1930
4. 1932

103. “The redistribution of provinces should take place on a linguistic basis on the demand of the majority of the population of the area concerned, subject to financial and administrative considerations” is said in _________?

1. Section 86 of Nehru committee report
2. Section 56 of Nehru committee report
3. Section 66 of Nehru committee report
4. Section 89 of Nehru committee report

Explanation

It took concrete expression in the Nehru Committee Report of 1928. Section 86 of the Nehru Report read: “The redistribution of provinces should take place on a linguistic basis on the demand of the majority of the population of the area concerned, subject to financial and administrative considerations.”

104. Find out the incorrect statement

1. The idea of linguistic reorganization of province was expressed, in categorical terms, in the manifesto of the Indian National Congress for the elections to the Central and Provincial Legislative Assemblies in 1935
2. The manifesto made a clear reference to the reorganization of the provinces
3. 1 only
4. 2 only
5. Both 1 & 2
6. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

This idea was expressed, in categorical terms, in the manifesto of the Indian National Congress for the elections to the Central and Provincial Legislative Assemblies in 1945. The manifesto made a clear reference to the reorganization of the provinces.

105. Find out the correct statement

1. INC said that such territorial areas or provinces should be constituted as far as possible, on a linguistic and religion basis
2. INC said that such territorial areas or provinces should be constituted as far as possible, on a linguistic and cultural basis
3. 1 only
4. 2 only
5. Both 1 & 2
6. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

INC has also stood for the freedom of each group and territorial area within the nation to develop its own life and culture within the larger framework, and it has stated that for this purpose such territorial areas or provinces should be constituted as far as possible, on a linguistic and cultural basis.

106. Who raised the demand for an Andhra Province?

1. Madhav Srihari aney
2. N. Gopalaswami ayyangar
3. Pattabi sitaramaiya
4. Frank Anthony

Explanation

Only a month after the elections to the Constituent Assembly, Pattabhi Sitaramayya raised the demand for an Andhra Province

107. On which of the following day Pattabhi Sitaramayya raised the demand for an Andhra Province?

1. August 30, 1946
2. August 31, 1946
3. August 29, 1946
4. August 21, 1946

Explanation

On August 31, 1946, only a month after the elections to the Constituent Assembly, Pattabhi Sitaramayya raised the demand for an Andhra Province: “The whole problem” he wrote, “must be taken up as the first and foremost problem to be solved by the Constituent Assembly”.

108. Find out the incorrect statement

1. Pattabi sitaramaiya presided over a conference, on September 8, 1946
2. Assembly did not accept a resolution demanding that the Constituent Assembly accept the principle for linguistic reorganization of States.
3. 1 only
4. 2 only
5. Both 1 & 2
6. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

He also presided over a conference, on December 8, 1946, that passed a resolution demanding that the Constituent Assembly accept the principle for linguistic reorganization of States.

109. Find out the correct statement

1. The Government of India in a communique stated that Andhra could be mentioned as a separate unit in the new Constitution
2. It was done as in case of the Sind and Orissa under the Government of India Act, 1909
3. 1 only
4. 2 only
5. Both 1 & 2
6. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

The Government of India in a communique stated that Andhra could be mentioned as a separate unit in the new Constitution as was done in case of the Sind and Orissa under the Government of India Act, 1935.

110. Who set up a 3-member commission, called The Linguistic Provinces Commission?

1. Vallabhbhai patel
2. Jawaharlal Nehru
3. Rajendra Prasad
4. Sarojini naidu

Explanation

The Drafting Committee of the Constituent Assembly, however, found such a mention of Andhra was not possible until the geographical schedule of the province was outlined. Hence, the Chairman Rajendra Prasad set up a 3-member commission, called The Linguistic Provinces Commission.

111. Linguistic provinces commission dealt with which of the following States

1. Andhra
2. Karnataka
3. Kerala
4. Maharashtra
5. Bengal
6. 1, 2, 3
7. 1, 3, 4, 5
8. 1, 2, 3, 4
9. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Explanation

It dealt with each of the four proposed States – Andhra, Karnataka, Kerala and Maharashtra – and concluded against such an idea.

112. Find out the correct statement about linguistic province commission

1. On July 17, 1948, Chairman Rajendra Prasad set up a 3-member commission
2. Its report, submitted on December 10, 1949
3. 1 only
4. 2 only
5. Both 1 & 2
6. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

On June 17, 1948, Chairman Rajendra Prasad set up a 3-member commission, called The Linguistic Provinces Commission with a specific brief to examine and report on the formation of new provinces of Andhra, Kerala, Karnataka and Maharashtra. Its report, submitted on December 10, 1948, listed out reasons against the idea of linguistic reorganization in the given context.

113. Find out the incorrect statement

1. The demand for linguistic reorganization of states did not stop even after the report of three member committee
2. The issue gained centre-stage with Pattabhi Sitaramayya’s election as the Congress President at the Varanasi session.
3. 1 only
4. 2 only
5. Both 1 & 2
6. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

However, the demand for linguistic reorganization of states did not stop even after the report of three member committee. The issue gained centre-stage with Pattabhi Sitaramayya’s election as the Congress President at the Jaipur session.

114. The JVP committee stands for?

1. Sardar Vallabhai Patel
2. Potti sriramalu
3. Pattabhi Sitaramayya
4. Jawaharlal Nehru
5. 1, 2, 3
6. 1, 2, 4
7. 1, 3, 4
8. 1, 2, 3, 4

Explanation

A resolution there led to the constitution of a committee with Sardar Vallabhai Patel, Pattabhi Sitaramayya and Jawaharlal Nehru (also called the JVP committee).

115. Find out the correct statement about JVP committee

1. The JVP committee submitted its report on April 1, 1950.
2. The committee gave its report to reorganize the state based on language
3. 1 only
4. 2 only
5. Both 1 & 2
6. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

The JVP committee submitted its report on April 1, 1949. It too held that the demand for linguistic states, in the given context, as “narrow provincialism’’ and that it could become a “menace’’ to the development of the country.

116. Which of the following said “while language is a binding force, it is also a separating one’’?

1. Fazli Ali committee
2. JVP committee
3. Linguistic province committee
4. None of the above

Explanation

The JVP committee also held out that “while language is a binding force, it is also a separating one’’. However, it stressed that it was possible that “when conditions are more static and the state of peoples’ minds calmer, the adjustment of these boundaries or the creation of new provinces can be undertaken with relative ease and with advantage to all concerned.’’

117. Find out the correct statement about JVP committee

1. The committee said in conclusion that it was not the right time to embark upon the idea of linguistic reorganization of States.
2. The consensus was that the linguistic reorganization of states be postponed.
3. 1 only
4. 2 only
5. Both 1 & 2
6. Neither 1 nor 2

118. Find out the incorrect statement

1. There was provision for re-working the boundaries between states
2. The makers of the Constitution did not qualify the reorganization of the States as only on linguistic basis
3. 1 only
4. 2 only
5. Both 1 & 2
6. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

There was provision for re-working the boundaries between states and also for the formation of new states from parts of existing states. The makers of the Constitution did not qualify the reorganization of the States as only on linguistic basis but left it open as long as there was agreement on such reorganization.

119. Which of the following person did fast, demanding a separate state of Andhra?

1. Potti Sriramulu
2. Pattabi Sitaramayya
3. Panikar
4. Patel

Explanation

The idea of linguistic states revived soon after the first general elections were over. Potti Sriramulu’s fast demanding a separate state of Andhra, beginning October 19, 1952 and his death thereafter on December 15, 1952.

120. Find out the correct statement about article 3 of the Indian constitution

1. Form a new State
2. Increase the area of any State
3. Diminish the area of any State
4. Alter the boundaries of any State
5. 1, 3, 4
6. 1, 2, 3
7. 1, 2, 4
8. 1, 2, 3, 4

Explanation

Article 3, reads as follows: Parliament may by law- (a) form a new State by separation of territory from any State or by uniting two of more States or parts of States by uniting any territory to a part of any State; (b) increase the area of any State; (c) diminish the area of any State; (d) alter the boundaries of any State.

121. States Reorganization Commission includes

1. Fazli Ali
2. K.M. Panikkar
3. B.R. Ambedkar
4. H.N. Husrau
5. 1, 2, 3
6. 1, 3, 4
7. 1, 2, 4
8. 1, 2, 3, 4

Explanation

Potti Sriramulu’s fast demanding a separate state of Andhra, beginning October 19, 1952 and his death thereafter on December 15, 1952. This led to the constitution of the States Reorganisation Commission, with Fazli Ali as Chairperson, and K.M. Panikkar and H.N. Husrau as members. The Commission submitted its report in October 1955.

122. The fazli ali Commission recommended which of the following States to constitute the Indian Union

1. Madras
2. Kerala
3. Bombay
4. Vidharbha
5. Madhya Pradesh
6. Rajasthan
7. 1, 2, 3, 5, 6
8. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
9. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
10. 1, 3, 4, 5, 6

Explanation

The fazli ali Commission recommended the following States to constitute the Indian Union: Madras, Kerala, Karnataka, Hyderabad, Andhra, Bombay, Vidharbha, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal, Assam, Orissa and Jammu & Kashmir. In other words, the Commission’s recommendations were a compromise between administrative convenience and linguistic concerns.

123. “The only good that we can see in a linguistic province is the possible advantage it has in working the Legislature in the regional language” is said in which of the following committee?

1. Linguistic province committee
2. State reorganization committee
3. JVP committee
4. Nehru committee

Explanation

“The only good that we can see in a linguistic province is the possible advantage it has in working the Legislature in the regional language. But this is more than counter balanced by the obstruction the linguistic provinces will inevitably cause to the spread of national language or national feeling in this country…”(from the Report of The Linguistic Provinces Commission, as submitted to the Constituent Assembly)

124. The states of Maharashtra and Gujarat and created in?

1. April 1960
2. May 1960
3. March 1956
4. June 1956

Explanation

The Nehru regime, however, denied acceding to a similar demand in the case of the Gujarati speaking people. However, this too was conceded in May 1960 with the creation of Maharashtra and Gujarat.

125. Find out the incorrect statement

1. The demand for a Punjabi subha continued to be described by the establishment as separatist until 1950.
2. The trifurcation of Punjab, brought to an end the process that was initiated by the Indian National Congress, in 1940, to put language as the basis for the reorganization of the provinces.
3. 1 only
4. 2 only
5. Both 1 & 2
6. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

The demand for a Punjabi subha continued to be described by the establishment as separatist until 1966. The trifurcation of Punjab, brought to an end the process that was initiated by the Indian National Congress, in 1920, to put language as the basis for the reorganization of the provinces.

126. Arrange the following in descending order

1. Formation of Andhra
2. Formation of Haryana
3. Formation of Gujarat
4. Pattabi sitaramayya’s demand for Andhra
5. 2, 3, 1, 4
6. 1, 2, 3, 4
7. 2, 1, 4, 3
8. 1, 3, 4, 2

Explanation

Formation of Andhra – 1956. Formation of Haryana – 1966. Formation of Gujarat – 1960. Pattabi sitaramayya’s demand for Andhra – 1946.

127. Who was the prime architect of foreign policy of India?

1. Vallabhai Patel
2. Mahatma Gandhi
3. Jawaharlal Nehru
4. Rajagopalachari

Explanation

The founding principles of independent India’s foreign policy were, in fact, formulated at least three decades before independence. It evolved in the course of the freedom struggle and was rooted in its conviction against any form of colonialism. Jawaharlal Nehru was its prime architect.

128. Match the following

1. JVP Committee – 1. 1920
2. Sir Cyril Radcliffe – 2. 1955
3. Fazl Ali’s report – 3. 1948
4. Nagpur session of INC – 4. 1947
5. 1 2 3 4
6. 3 4 2 1
7. 4 3 2 1
8. 4 2 3 1

129. India’s foreign policy was based on which of the following basic principles

1. Anti-colonialism
2. Anti-imperialism
3. Anti-apartheid
4. Anti-racism
5. 1, 2, 3
6. 1, 3, 4
7. 1, 2, 4
8. 1, 2, 3, 4

Explanation

India’s foreign policy was based on certain basic principles. They are: anti-colonialism, anti-imperialism, anti-apartheid or anti-racism, non-alignment with the super powers.

130. Which of the following principle does not comes in India’s foreign policy?

1. Afro Asian Unity
2. Non-aggression
3. Interference in other’s internal affairs
4. Mutual respect for each other’s sovereignty

Explanation

India’s foreign policy was based on certain basic principles. They are: anti-colonialism, anti-imperialism, anti-apartheid or anti-racism, non-alignment with the super powers, Afro Asian Unity, non-aggression, non-interference in other’s internal affairs, mutual respect for each other’s sovereignty and territorial integrity, and the promotion of world peace and security. The commitment to peace between nations was not placed in a vacuum; it was placed with an equally emphatic commitment to justice.

131. The context in which India’s foreign policy was formulated was further complicated by which of the following contesting power?

1. US
2. USSR
3. UK
4. 1, 3
5. 1, 2
6. 2, 3
7. 1, 2, 3

Explanation

The context in which India’s foreign policy was formulated was further complicated by the two contesting power blocs that dominated the world in the post-war scenario: the US and the USSR. Independent India responded to this with non-alignment as its foreign policy doctrine.

132. Find out the correct statement

1. China was liberated by its people from Japanese colonial expansionism in 1950
2. Patel laid a lot of importance on friendship with China, with whom India shared a long border.
3. 1 only
4. 2 only
5. Both 1 & 2
6. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

Before we go into the details of nonalignment, it will be useful to look at India’s relationship with China since independence. China was liberated by its people from Japanese colonial expansionism in 1949, just two years after India’s Independence. Nehru laid a lot of importance on friendship with China, with whom India shared a long border.

133. Find out the correct statement about Panch Sheel

1. Mutual respect for each other’s territorial integrity
2. Mutual aggression
3. Mutual interference in each other’s internal affairs
4. Equality and cooperation for mutual benefit
5. Peaceful co-existence
6. 1, 2, 3
7. 1, 3, 4, 5
8. 1, 4, 5
9. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Explanation

Panch Sheel (five virtues)

1. Mutual respect for each other’s territorial integrity and sovereignty. 2. Mutual non-aggression 3. Mutual non-interference in each other’s internal affairs. 4. Equality and cooperation for mutual benefit. 5. Peaceful co-existence.

134. Who was the first to recognize the new People’s Republic of China on January 1, 1950?

1. America
2. Russia
3. India
4. German

Explanation

India was the first to recognize the new People’s Republic of China on January 1, 1950. The shared experience of suffering at the hands of colonial powers and its consequences –poverty and underdevelopment – in Nehru’s perception was force enough to get the two nations to join hands to give Asia its due place in the world

135. Nehru pressed for representation for Communist China in?

1. UNHRD
2. UNSC
3. UNGA
4. UNESCO

Explanation

Nehru pressed for representation for Communist China in the UN Security Council.

136. China occupied Tibet in_________?

1. 1951
2. 1950
3. 1953
4. 1960

Explanation

When china occupied Tibet, in 1950, India was unhappy that it had not been taken into confidence.

137. Find out the correct statement

1. In 1964, India and China signed a treaty in which India recognized China’s rights over Tibet
2. The two countries placed their relationship within a set of principles, widely known since then as the principles of Panch Sheel.
3. 1 only
4. 2 only
5. Both 1 & 2
6. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

In 1954, India and China signed a treaty in which India recognized China’s rights over Tibet and the two countries placed their relationship within a set of principles, widely known since then as the principles of Panch Sheel.

138. Bandung Conference, held in ________?

1. April 1955
2. May 1956
3. June 1955
4. August 1959

Explanation

Meanwhile, Nehru took special efforts to project China and Chou En-lai at the Bandung Conference, held in April 1955.

139. Find out the incorrect statement

1. In 1969, the Dalai Lama, fled Tibet along with thousands of refugees
2. He fled after a revolt by the Buddhists was crushed by the Chinese government.
3. The Dalai Lama was not given asylum in India
4. 1, 2
5. 2, 3
6. 1, 3
7. 1, 2, 3

Explanation

In 1959, the Dalai Lama, fled Tibet along with thousands of refugees after a revolt by the Buddhists was crushed by the Chinese government. The Dalai Lama was given asylum in India and it made the Chinese unhappy.

140. In October 1959, the Chinese opened fire on an Indian patrol near the _____ pass in Ladakh?

1. Kongka
2. Shipkila
3. Zojila
4. Baralacha

Explanation

In October 1959, the Chinese opened fire on an Indian patrol near the Kongka pass in Ladakh, killing five Indian policemen and capturing a dozen others. Though talks were held at various levels including with Chou En-lai, not much headway was made.

141. Find out the correct statement

1. Then came the 1962 war with China.
2. On 8 September 1962, Chinese forces attacked the alpha ridge and dislodged Indian troops
3. 1 only
4. 2 only
5. Both 1 & 2
6. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

Then came the 1962 war with China. On 8 September 1962, Chinese forces attacked the Thagla ridge and dislodged Indian troops

142. Find out the correct statement

1. All the goodwill and attempts to forge an Asian bloc in the world came to a stop.
2. India took a long time to recover from the blow to its self –respect
3. Perhaps it was only the victory over Pakistan in the Bangladesh war, in which China and the US were also supporting Pakistan, that restored the sense of self-worth.
4. 1, 2
5. 2, 3
6. 1, 3
7. 1, 2, 3

143. Find out the incorrect statement

1. India’s contribution to the world, however, was not restricted to its relationship with China and the Panch Sheel.
2. It was most pronounced and lasting in the form of non-alignment and its concretisation at the Bandung Conference.
3. 1 only
4. 2 only
5. Both 1 & 2
6. Neither 1 nor 2

144. Find out the incorrect statement

1. In March 1947, Gandhi organized the Asian Relations Conference, attended by more than twenty countries.
2. The theme of the conference was Indian independence and assertion on the world stage
3. 1 only
4. 2 only
5. Both 1 & 2
6. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

In March 1947, Nehru organized the Asian Relations Conference, attended by more than twenty countries. The theme of the conference was Asian independence and assertion on the world stage.

145. Bandung conference also known as

1. Afro-Asian Conference
2. Indo-Asian Conference
3. Russia-Asian Conference
4. Astro-Asian Conference

146. Find out the incorrect statement

1. In March 1947, Nehru organized the Asian Relations Conference
2. Another such conference was held in December 1948
3. The conference held in specific response to the Danish attempt to re-colonize Indonesia
4. A and B

Explanation

In March 1947, Nehru organized the Asian Relations Conference, attended by more than twenty countries. The theme of the conference was Asian independence and assertion on the world stage. Another such conference was held in December 1948 in specific response to the Dutch attempt to re-colonize Indonesia

147. Find out the correct statement

1. The de-colonization initiative was carried forward further at the Asian leaders’ conference in German in 1954.
2. It was culminating in the Afro-Asian Conference in Bandung, Indonesia, in 1959
3. 1 only
4. 2 only
5. Both 1 & 2
6. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

The de-colonization initiative was carried forward further at the Asian leaders’ conference in Colombo in 1954, culminating in the Afro-Asian Conference in Bandung, Indonesia, in 1955.

148. Find out the incorrect statement

1. The Bandung Conference set the stage for the meeting of nations at Belgrade
2. The Stockholm conference set the stage for birth of the Non-Aligned Movement.
3. 1 only
4. 2 only
5. Both 1 & 2
6. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

The Bandung Conference set the stage for the meeting of nations at Belgrade and the birth of the Non-Aligned Movement.

149. Find out the principles of Bandung conference

1. Abstention from intervention or interference in the internal affairs of another country
2. Respect for the right of each nation to defend itself, singly or collectively, in conformity with the charter of the United Nations
3. Promotion of mutual interests and cooperation
4. Respect for justice and international obligation
5. 1, 2, 3
6. 2, 3, 4
7. 1, 3, 4
8. 1, 2, 3, 4

Explanation

Bandung Declaration

A 10-point “declaration on promotion of world peace and cooperation,” incorporating the principles of the United Nations Charter was adopted unanimously:

1. Respect for fundamental human rights and for the purposes and principles of the charter of the United Nations

2. Respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all nations

3. Recognition of the equality of all races and of the equality of all nations large and smallAbstention from intervention or interference in the internal affairs of another country

5. Respect for the right of each nation to defend itself, singly or collectively, in conformity with the charter of the United Nations

6. (a) Abstention from the use of arrangements of collective defence to serve any particular interests of the big powers (b) Abstention by any country from exerting pressures on other countries

7. Refraining from acts or threats of aggression or the use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any country

8. Settlement of all international disputes by peaceful means, such as negotiation, conciliation, arbitration or judicial settlement as well as other peaceful means of the parties own choice, in conformity with the charter of the United Nations

9. Promotion of mutual interests and cooperation

10. Respect for justice and international obligations.

150. Find out the incorrect statement of India’s foreign policy

1. The architect of independent India’s foreign policy, was Jawaharlal Nehru
2. The high point of it was reached in 1961
3. In 1961 Nehru stood with Nasser of Indonesia and Tito of China to call for nuclear disarmament and peace.
4. A and B

Explanation

The architect of independent India’s foreign policy, indeed, was Jawaharlal Nehru and the high point of it was reached in 1961 when he stood with Nasser of Egypt and Tito of Yugoslavia to call for nuclear disarmament and peace. The importance of non-alignment and its essence in such a world is best explained from what Nehru had to say about it.